102 and other fixed data. The RAM 104 temporarily stores image data and other data. The non-volatile memory 105 can retain data even while a power supply of the image forming apparatus 100 is shut off. The ASIC 106 is a circuit that performs image processing, such as various signal processing and sorting, and processing of input and output signals for controlling the entire image forming apparatus 100.

The I/F 107 is an interface circuit that transmits and receives data and signals to and from a host. Specifically, the I/F 107 receives print data (image data) generated by a printer driver of the host such as a data processor, an image reading device, or an imaging device via a cable or a network. In other words, the printer driver of the host may generate and output the image data to the controller 101.

The print controller 108 is a circuit that generates a drive waveform for driving the liquid discharge head 122 and outputs the print data accompanied by various data to the head driver 116. The pressure generator of the liquid discharge head 122 is selectively driven based on the print data and generates pressure to cause the liquid discharge head 122 to discharge liquid (ink) from the nozzles.

The main scanning motor driver 109 is a circuit that drives the main scanning motor 117. The sub-scanning motor driver 110 is a circuit that drives the sub-scanning motor 118. The fan controller 111 is a circuit that controls the output of the fan 119 to blow air at a predetermined temperature and air volume.

The heater controller 112 is a circuit that controls the heater 120 to a set temperature. The I/O unit 113 is a circuit that acquires data from the environmental sensor 115 and extracts data for controlling each unit of the image forming apparatus 100. The I/O unit 113 also receives detection signals from various sensors (e.g., the optical sensor 37) other than the environmental sensor 115.

The control panel 114 is a device for inputting and displaying various kinds of data such as a resolution specified by a user. The control panel 114 is connected to, for example, the CPU 102 via the bus of the controller 101 to communicate with each other.

The environmental sensor 115 is a sensor that detects, for example, the ambient temperature and ambient humidity. The environmental sensor 115 is connected to the I/O unit 113 of the controller 101.

The head driver 116 is a circuit that selectively applies drive pulses forming the drive waveform given from the print controller 108 to the pressure generator of the liquid discharge head 122 based on the input image data (e.g., dot pattern data or pixel data) to drive the liquid discharge head 122. The head driver 116 is connected to the print controller 108 of the controller 101. The discharge amount of ink droplets (liquid) is controlled by, for example, controlling the amplitude of the drive waveform input to the pressure generator of the liquid discharge head 122, but the discharge amount may be controlled using other parameters.

The main scanning motor 117 is a device that is driven to rotate the timing belt to move the carriage 121 including the liquid discharge head 122 in the main scanning direction (the direction indicated by arrow Y). The main scanning motor 117 is connected to the main scanning motor driver 109 of the controller 101.

The sub-scanning motor 118 is a device that is driven to operate the conveyance roller to convey the medium 40, which is an object onto which liquid (ink) is discharged by the liquid discharge head 122, in the sub-scanning direction (X direction). The sub-scanning motor 118 is connected to the sub-scanning motor driver 110 of the controller 101.

The moving mechanism 140 moves the liquid discharge head 122 and the medium 40 relative to each other. The moving mechanism 140 includes the main guide rod 31, the sub sheet metal guide 32, the carriage 121, and the conveyance roller to construct the main scanning moving mechanism.

The moving mechanism 140 moves the liquid discharge head 122 and the medium 40 relative to each other in the main scanning direction (Y direction) by, for example, the main guide rod 31, the sub sheet metal guide 32, and the carriage 121. The moving mechanism 140 moves the liquid discharge head 122 and the medium 40 relative to each other in the sub-scanning direction (X direction) by, for example, the conveyance roller that conveys the medium 40. In the present embodiment, the relative movement in the sub-scanning direction (X direction) by the moving mechanism 140 is intermittent movement. The intermittent movement means that the moving mechanism 140 alternately moves and stops at least one of the liquid discharge head 122 or the medium 40 relative to the other.

The fan 119 is driven to accelerate the convection of air inside the image forming apparatus 100 so as to prevent the temperature from increasing excessively due to the accumulation of warmed air in an upper portion of the image forming apparatus 100. The fan 119 is connected to the fan controller 111 of the controller 101.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of the controller 101. The description of the components overlapping those in FIG. 3 may be omitted.

As illustrated in FIG. 4, the controller 101 includes a color division data generation unit 211 and a discharge control unit 212. Roughly speaking, the discharge control unit 212 controls discharge of ink.

When the color division data generation unit 211 receives image data to be printed, the color division data generation unit 211 generates color division data for each color of ink used in the image forming apparatus 100 from the received image data (an example of an input image). For example, when the image forming apparatus 100 uses inks of C, M, Y, and K, the color division data generation unit 211 generates color division data for each color of C, M, Y, and K from the received image data.

The discharge control unit 212 applies a dot-data generation mask to the color division data of each color generated by the color division data generation unit 211 to generate printed-dot data. The dot-data generation mask is, for example, a mask pattern for forming an image with printed dots mixed by two liquid discharge heads in a nozzle overlapping region (may be referred to simply as an overlapping region) of the end portions of the adjacent heads (i.e., adjacent heads 122a and 122b, or adjacent heads 122b and 122c).

The controller 101 implements these functions (the color division data generation unit 211 and the discharge control unit 212) by the CPU 102 executing a predetermined program. The controller 101 may implement a part or all of these functions by one or a plurality of processing circuits.

The term “processing circuit or circuitry” includes a programmed processor to execute each function by software, such as a processor implemented by an electronic circuit, and devices, such as an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a digital signal processor (DSP), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), and conventional circuit components arranged to perform the recited functions.

The controller 101 controls the liquid discharge head 122 and the moving mechanism 140 so that the liquid discharge head 122 and the medium 40 are moved relative to each other multiple times to apply ink (i.e., liquid droplets) onto the medium 40. The ink applied onto the medium 40 is fixed to the medium 40 to form dots in an image. More specifically, one ink droplet formed by the ink discharged from the liquid discharge head 122 lands on the medium 40, and then is dried and fixed to the medium 40. Thus, one dot in the image is formed on the medium 40. The image is formed as an aggregate of a plurality of dots.

A comparative example is described below.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a mask pattern according to a comparative example when end nozzles of two heads 201a and 201b arranged in the X direction overlap each other. The end nozzles include nozzles near the end of the head in addition to the nozzle exactly disposed at the end of the head (i.e., 12 overlapped nozzles of each of the two heads 201a and 201b). FIG. 6 is a graph of drive frequency characteristics of a discharged droplet volume according to the comparative example. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the drive frequency characteristics and the mask pattern according to the comparative example. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a Y deviation and the mask pattern according to the comparative example. In FIG. 5, nozzles of the head 201a overlap nozzles of the head 201b in a nozzle overlapping region 202. The number of overlapped nozzles of each of the heads 201a and 201b is 12, but the number of overlapped nozzles may be more or less than 12.

The landed dots A illustrated in FIG. 5 indicate printed dots formed of droplets that are discharged from the head 201a and the head 201b and land at ideal positions on a medium 203. The landed dots A include a normal area A1, a normal area A2, and a masked area A3 corresponding to the nozzle overlapping region 202.

As illustrated in FIG. 5, the normal area A1 of the landed dots A is formed of the droplets discharged from the head 201a, and the normal area A2 is formed of the droplets discharged from the head 201b.

As illustrated in FIG. 5, the masked area A3 of the landed dots A is formed of the droplets discharged from nozzles in the nozzle overlapping region 202 of the head 201a and the head 201b. In the masked area A3 of the landed dots A illustrated in FIG. 5, X-Y uniform mask processing is performed to alternately arrange the printed dots formed by the head 201a and the printed dots formed by the head 201b in both the X direction and the Y direction. The masked area A3 is formed of the mixed printed dots of the two heads 201a and 201b by the X-Y uniform mask processing. Accordingly, the decrease in image quality, such as the density unevenness or the streak, due to variations of discharge properties of the head 201a and the head 201b or the deviation of landing positions caused by an airflow at the end portion of the liquid discharge head can be prevented.

As illustrated in FIG. 6, the volume of one droplet discharged from the liquid discharge head typically varies due to the difference in residual vibration of pressure waves remaining after discharge, which varies depending on the drive frequency of the drive waveform. For example, in FIG. 6, the volume of one droplet decreases from a droplet volume 1 at the drive frequency F to a droplet volume 2 at the drive frequency (½) F.

More specifically, as illustrated in a part (a) of FIG. 7, when the X-Y uniform mask processing is performed in the nozzle overlapping region 202 of the two heads 201a and 201b to distribute the printed dots, discharge intervals in the masked area A3 and the discharge intervals in the normal area A1 (A2) are different in one head 201a (201b). As a result, as illustrated in a part (b) of FIG. 7, the drive frequency per nozzle in the masked area A3 of the landed dots A corresponding to the nozzle overlapping region 202 decreases to (½) F compared to the drive frequency F in the normal areas A1 and A2. Accordingly, the normal areas A1 and A2 are formed of the printed dots with the droplet volume 1, and the masked area A3 is formed of the printed dots with the droplet volume 2. As a result, the masked area A3 is thinner in image density than the normal areas A1 and A2, causing white unevenness.

Further, as illustrated in FIG. 8, if the landing positions of the printed dots of one head are shifted from those of the other head due to the positional deviation (AY) in the Y direction between the two heads 201a and 201b or the difference in droplet speed between the two heads 201a and 201b, the printed dots of the head 201a are overlaid on the printed dots of the head 201b on the medium 203, and thus the masked area A3 of the landed dots A does not have the same density as that of the normal areas A1 and A2 of the landed dots A. The landed dots A described above are also visually recognized as the density unevenness or the streak.

In the present embodiment, in a nozzle overlapping regions 300 (see FIG. 9) at the end portions of two adjacent heads, a mask pattern is used that prevents the density unevenness and the streak caused by the difference in the drive frequency characteristics of the discharged droplet volume, the positional deviation, or the difference in droplet speed between the heads to make the image quality in the nozzle overlapping region 300 at the end portions of the heads uniform.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a mask pattern according to the first embodiment. The nozzle overlapping region 300 between the two heads 122a and 122b will be described below as an example.

As illustrated in FIG. 9, the masked area A3 of the landed dots A is formed of the droplets discharged from nozzles in the nozzle overlapping region 300 of the head 122a and the head 122b. The masked area A3 has a length of 24 pixels in the X direction. In the nozzle overlapping region 300, an image can be formed by a total of 24 nozzles, i.e., 12 nozzles in the head 122a and 12 nozzles in the head 122b. Thus, the nozzles at one point in the nozzle overlapping region 300 are twice the nozzles at another one point in the normal areas A1 and A2 (i.e., a non-overlapping region other than the nozzle overlapping region 300 in the X direction).

As illustrated in FIG. 9, the discharge control unit 212 of the controller 101 controls the nozzle overlapping region 300 so that the nozzle 1a (use) of the head 122a and the nozzle 2b (non-use) of the head 122b overlap each other, and the nozzle 1b (non-use) of the head 122a and the nozzle 2a (use) of the head 122b overlap each other.

Accordingly, as illustrated in FIG. 9, the discharge control unit 212 of the controller 101 forms a vertically striped mask pattern in which printed dots formed by the head 122a and printed dots formed by the head 122b are arranged in the X direction and printed dots formed by each of the heads 122a and 122b (i.e., the same single head) are consecutively arrayed in the Y direction in mask processing of the nozzle overlapping region 300.

In other words, the pixel data (i.e., a mask pattern) formed by the discharge control unit 212 includes first pixel data for the head 122a (e.g., a first head) and second pixel data for the head 122b (e.g., a second head). The first pixel data includes first pixels, which correspond to the printed dots (pixels) formed by the head 122a, arrayed in the nozzle array direction and an intersecting direction intersecting the nozzle array direction, and the second pixel data includes second pixels, which correspond to the printed dots (pixels) formed by the head 122b, arrayed in the nozzle array direction and the intersecting direction. The first pixel data causes the head 122a (the first head) to discharge liquid droplets, and the second pixel data causes the head 122b (the second head) to discharge liquid droplets. The pixel data includes both the first pixels and the second pixels in the nozzle array direction and includes one of the first pixels and the second pixels in the intersecting direction (i.e., intersecting pixels) in the nozzle overlapping region. Thus, the discharge control unit 212 forms the vertically striped mask pattern based on the pixel data to selectively discharge the liquid droplets from the multiple nozzles.

In addition, the discharge control unit 212 of the controller 101 sets the number of dots (i.e., pixels) discharged from the same head (e.g., either the head 122a or the head 122b) and consecutively arrayed in the nozzle array direction to two dots or less. In other words, the number of use nozzles and the number of non-use nozzles consecutively arrayed in the nozzle array direction is equal to or less than 2.

As illustrated in a part (a) of FIG. 9, the discharge intervals in the masked area A3 and the discharge intervals in the normal area A1 (A2) are the same in the single head, i.e., the head 122a (122b), and thus the printed dots (i.e., pixels) of the normal areas A1 and A2 and the printed dots of the masked area A3 have the same drive frequency. Accordingly, the printed dots are not affected by the drive frequency characteristics illustrated in FIG. 6. The difference in the droplet volume due to the difference in the drive frequency characteristics as illustrated in FIG. 7 does not occur, and the dot sizes of the printed dots of the normal areas A1 and A2 and the masked area A3 can be identical.

Further, as illustrated in a part (b) of FIG. 9, even if the positional deviation (Y deviation) ΔY in the Y direction between the two heads 122a and 122b occurs, the printed dots are not overlaid one on another as illustrated in FIG. 8 because of the vertically striped mask pattern in which the printed dots formed by each of the heads 122a and 122b are consecutively arranged in the Y direction. Thus, the mask pattern according to the present embodiment can prevent the decrease in image quality, such as the density unevenness or the streak, in the nozzle overlapping region 300 between the adjacent heads 122a and 122b as compared with the mask pattern according to the comparative example.

The head 122a and the head 122b are not strictly the same due to the head structure or the influence of temperature. For this reason, each of the head 122a and the head 122b does not form three or more dots consecutively arrayed in the nozzle array direction (X direction) in the nozzle overlapping region 300 to prevent the density unevenness or the streak due to the difference in the diameter of dots between the head 122a and the head 122b.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, in the mask pattern of the nozzle overlapping region 300 of the end portions of the adjacent heads 122a and 122b, the printed dots formed by the head 122a and the printed dots formed by the head 122b are arranged in the X direction, but only the printed dots formed by the same single head (one of the head 122a and the head 122b) are arranged in the Y direction. In addition, the number of use nozzles and the number of non-use nozzles consecutively arrayed in the nozzle array direction (X direction) is equal to or less than 2. Thus, in the nozzle overlapping region 300 of the end portions of the two adjacent heads 122a and 122b, the density unevenness and the streak caused by the difference in the drive frequency characteristics of the discharged droplet volume, the positional deviation, or the difference in droplet speed between the two heads 122a and 122b can be prevented, and the image quality in the nozzle overlapping region 300 of the end portions of the two adjacent heads 122a and 122b can be made uniform.

Further, according to the present embodiment, even if the positional deviation (Y deviation) ΔY in the Y direction between the two heads 122a and 122b occurs, the decrease in image quality, such as the density unevenness or the streak, in the nozzle overlapping region 300 between the adjacent heads 122a and 122b can be prevented.

A program to be executed on the image forming apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment is recorded and provided in a computer-readable recording medium, such as a compact disc-read only memory (CD-ROM), a flexible disk (FD), a compact disc-recordable (CD-R), or a digital versatile disc (DVD), in a file in installable or executable format.

Alternatively, the programs executed on the image forming apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment may be stored in a computer connected to a network such as the Internet and downloaded via the network. The program executed on the image forming apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment may be provided or distributed via a network such as the Internet.

Further, the program executed on the image forming apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment may be provided by being incorporated in advance in, for example, the ROM 103.

The program executed on the image forming apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment has a modular configuration including the above-described units (the color division data generation unit 211 and the discharge control unit 212). The CPU 102 (i.e., a processor) serving as actual hardware reads the program from the recording medium described above and executes the program so as to load these units described above on a main storage device to implement the color division data generation unit 211 and the discharge control unit 212 on the main storage device.

In the present embodiment, each of the heads 122a and 122b has one nozzle array, but the number of nozzle arrays is not limited thereto, and embodiments of the present disclosure include a liquid discharge head having eight nozzle arrays as illustrated in FIG. 10 or a liquid discharge head having other arrangements of the nozzle arrays.

In the present embodiment, a multi-pass method in which the liquid discharge head 122 mounted on the carriage 121 discharge ink droplets while the carriage 121 reciprocally moves has been described, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and an embodiment of the present disclosure can also be applied to a line head method in which the liquid discharge head is fixed and the medium 40 is moved. In the case of the line head method, a mask pattern may be used in which the nozzles on the most upstream side which are likely to be affected by airflow in a conveyance direction of the medium 40 (i.e., the direction intersecting the nozzle array direction) are set to “non-use.” In particular, since the inkjet printer employing the line head method has a high conveyance speed, the drive frequency is high, and the influence of the frequency characteristics is large, so that a large effect can be obtained.

Second Embodiment

A description is given below of a second embodiment of the present disclosure. In the following description of the second embodiment, descriptions of elements identical or similar to those in the first embodiment are omitted, and differences from the first embodiment are described.

Electrode Manufacturing Apparatus

The liquid discharge apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may also include an apparatus for manufacturing an electrode and an electrochemical element that is also referred to as an electrode manufacturing apparatus. An electrode manufacturing apparatus is described below.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of an electrode manufacturing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. The electrode manufacturing apparatus is an apparatus for manufacturing an electrode including a layer containing an electrode material by discharging a liquid composition (i.e., liquid droplets) using a head module including the liquid discharge head 122 described in the first embodiment.

Device for Forming Layer Containing Electrode Material and Process of Forming Layer Containing Electrode Material

A discharge device in the electrode manufacturing apparatus illustrated in FIG. 11 is the head module according to the above-described embodiments of the present disclosure. The liquid discharge head of the head module discharges the liquid composition. By so doing, the liquid composition is applied onto an object (i.e., a medium), and a liquid composition layer is formed on the object. The object, which may also be referred to as a discharge target in the following description, is not limited to any particular object and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, as long as the object is an object on which a layer containing an electrode material is to be formed. Examples of the object include an electrode substrate, i.e., a current collector, an active material layer, and a layer containing a solid electrode material. The object may be an electrode composite layer containing an active material on an electrode substrate, i.e., a current collector. The discharge device and a discharge process may be a device and a process of forming a layer containing an electrode material by directly discharging a liquid composition as long as the layer containing an electrode material can be formed on a discharge target (i.e., a medium). The discharge device and the discharge process may be a device and a process of forming a layer containing an electrode material by indirectly discharging a liquid composition.

Other Devices and Other Processes

Other configurations included in the electrode manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing an electrode composite layer are not limited to any particular configuration and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, as long as the effects of the present embodiment are not impaired. Other processes included in the method for manufacturing an electrode composite layer are not limited to any particular process and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, as long as the effects of the present embodiment are not impaired. For example, a heating device and a heating process are examples of the configuration and the process included in the electrode manufacturing apparatus and the manufacturing method of the electrode composite layer.

Heating Device and Heating Process

The heating device included the electrode manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing an electrode composite layer is a device that heats the liquid composition discharged by the discharge device. The heating process included in the manufacturing method for manufacturing an electrode composite layer is a process of heating the liquid composition discharged in the discharge process. The liquid composition is heated to dry the liquid composition layer.

Structure to Form Layer Containing Electrode Material by Direct Discharge of Liquid Composition

As an example of the electrode manufacturing apparatus, an electrode manufacturing apparatus that forms an electrode composite layer containing an active material on an electrode substrate, i.e., a current collector, is described below. As illustrated in FIG. 11, the electrode manufacturing apparatus includes a discharge process device 150 and a heating process device 130. The discharge process device 150 performs a discharge process of applying a liquid composition onto a print base material 704 (i.e., a medium) having a discharge target to form a liquid composition layer. The heating process device 130 performs a heating process of heating the liquid composition layer to obtain an electrode composite layer.

The electrode manufacturing apparatus includes a conveyor 705 that conveys the printing base material 704. The conveyor 705 conveys the printing base material 704 to the discharge process device 150 and the heating process device 130 in this order at a preset speed. A method of producing the print base material 704 having the discharge target such as an active material layer is not limited to any particular method, and a known method can be appropriately selected. The discharge process device 150 includes the liquid discharge head 122 that performs an application process of applying a liquid composition 707 (i.e., liquid droplets) onto the print base material 704, a storage container 281b that stores the liquid composition 707, and a supply tube 281c that supplies the liquid composition 707 stored in the storage container 281b to the liquid discharge head 122.

The discharge process device 150 discharges the liquid composition 707 from the liquid discharge head 122 so that the liquid composition 707 is applied onto the printing base material 704 to form a liquid composition layer in a thin film shape. The storage container 281b may be integrated with the electrode manufacturing apparatus that forms the electrode composite layer or may be detachable from the electrode manufacturing apparatus. The storage container 281b may be a container additionally attachable to a container integrated with the electrode manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing the electrode composite layer or to a container detachable from the electrode manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing the electrode composite layer.

The storage container 281b that stably stores the liquid composition 707 and the supply tube 281c that stably supplies the liquid composition 707 can be used.

The heating process device 130 performs a solvent removal process of heating and removing the solvent remaining in the liquid composition layer. Specifically, the solvent that remains in the liquid composition layer is heated and dried by a heater 703 of the heating process device 130. Accordingly, the solvent is removed from the liquid composition layer. Thus, the electrode mixture layer is formed. The heating process device 130 may perform the solvent removing process under reduced pressure.

The heater 703 is not limited to any particular heater and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose.

For example, the heater 703 may be a substrate heater, an infrared (IR) heater, or a hot air heater.

The heater 703 may be a combination of at least two of the substrate heater, the IR heater, and the hot air heater. A heating temperature and heating time can be appropriately selected according to the boiling point of the solvent contained in the liquid composition 707 or the thickness of a formed film.

The electrode manufacturing apparatus according to the present embodiment is used to discharge the liquid composition to a desired position on the discharge target. The electrode composite layer can be suitably used, for example, as a part of the configuration of an electrochemical element. The configuration of the electrochemical element other than the electrode composite layer is not limited to any particular configuration, and a known configuration can be appropriately selected. Examples of the configuration other than the electrode composite layer include a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator.

In the above-described embodiments, the “liquid discharge apparatus” includes the liquid discharge head 122 or the liquid discharge unit and drives the liquid discharge head 122 to discharge liquid. The liquid discharge apparatus may be, for example, any apparatus that can discharge liquid to a medium onto which liquid can adhere or any apparatus to discharge liquid toward gas or into a different liquid.

The “liquid discharge apparatus” may further include devices relating to feeding, conveying, and ejecting of the medium onto which liquid can adhere and also include a pretreatment device and an aftertreatment device.

The “liquid discharge apparatus” may be, for example, an image forming apparatus to form an image on a sheet by discharging ink, or a three-dimensional fabrication apparatus to discharge fabrication liquid to a powder layer in which powder material is formed in layers, so as to form a three-dimensional object.

The “liquid discharge apparatus” is not limited to an apparatus that discharges liquid to visualize meaningful images such as letters or figures. For example, the liquid discharge apparatus may be an apparatus that forms patterns having no meaning or an apparatus that fabricates three-dimensional images.

The above-described term “medium onto which liquid can adhere” represents a medium on which liquid is at least temporarily adhered, a medium on which liquid is adhered and fixed, or a medium into which liquid adheres and permeates. Specific examples of the “medium onto which liquid can adhere” include, but are not limited to, a recording medium such as a paper sheet, recording paper, a recording sheet of paper, a film, or cloth, an electronic component such as an electronic substrate or a piezoelectric element, and a medium such as layered powder, an organ model, or a testing cell. The “medium onto which liquid can adhere” includes any medium to which liquid adheres, unless otherwise specified.

Examples of materials of the “medium onto which liquid can adhere” include any materials to which liquid can adhere even temporarily, such as paper, thread, fiber, fabric, leather, metal, plastic, glass, wood, and ceramic.

The term “liquid” is not limited to a particular liquid as long as the liquid has a viscosity or surface tension to be discharged from the liquid discharge head 122. However, preferably, the viscosity of the liquid is not greater than 30 millipascal-second (mPa·s) under ordinary temperature and ordinary pressure or by heating or cooling. Examples of the liquid to be discharged include a solution, a suspension, or an emulsion including, for example, a solvent, such as water or an organic solvent; a colorant, such as dye or pigment; a functional material, such as a polymerizable compound, a resin, or a surfactant; a biocompatible material, such as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), amino acid, protein, or calcium; and an edible material, such as a natural colorant. Such a solution, a suspension, or an emulsion can be used for, e.g., inkjet ink; surface treatment liquid; a liquid for forming an electronic element component, a light-emitting element component, or an electronic circuit resist pattern; or a material solution for three-dimensional fabrication.

The liquid discharge apparatus may be an apparatus to move the liquid discharge head 122 and the medium onto which liquid can adhere relative to each other. However, the liquid discharge apparatus is not limited to such an apparatus. For example, the liquid discharge apparatus may be a serial head apparatus that moves the liquid discharge head 122 or a line head apparatus that does not move the liquid discharge head 122.

Examples of the liquid discharge apparatus further include: a treatment liquid applying apparatus that discharges a treatment liquid onto a sheet to apply the treatment liquid to the surface of the sheet, for reforming the surface of the sheet; and an injection granulation apparatus that injects a composition liquid, in which a raw material is dispersed in a solution, through a nozzle to granulate fine particle of the raw material.

Aspects of the present disclosure are, for example, as follows.

Aspect 1

A liquid discharge head includes multiple heads and a discharge control unit. Each of the multiple heads has a nozzle array including multiple nozzles. The liquid discharge head selectively discharges liquid droplets from the nozzles. The adjacent heads are installed with a nozzle overlapping region at an end of the nozzle array in an array direction of the nozzle array. The discharge control unit creates data in a direction parallel to the array direction of the nozzle array with both pixel data by one of the multiple heads and pixel data by another of the multiple heads, and creates data in a direction intersecting the array direction of the nozzle array with either the pixel data by one of the multiple heads or the pixel data by the other of the multiple of heads. Further, the discharge control unit sets a number of dots which are discharged from the same head and consecutively arranged in the array direction of the nozzle array to equal to or less than a predetermined number of dots.