TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal compound of POSS-dendron structure and method for preparing the same. More particularly, the present invention a liquid crystal compound of POSS-dendron structure, of which processability is enhanced by formation of physical bonds between molecules.

BACKGROUND ART

Due to recent improvements in performance of liquid crystal display devices, their application extends to PC monitors and portable information terminals, and even to large TVs. Thus, in order to meet the need for low-cost and high-quality large liquid crystal display devices, it is essential to produce LCD devices with wide viewing angle, high brightness, fast response time and high contrast. In addition, liquid crystal compounds with excellent processability and flexibility are required as the enlargement of LCD devices advances rapidly.

Meanwhile, various physical bonds induce self-assembly of organic or inorganic molecules, as well as deliver biometric data through in vivo unimolecular self-recognition and form higher-order protein structure via continuous self-recognition, thereby being applied to develop supramolecular self-assembly. It has been pointed out that, in order to develop supramolecular self-assembly by using such physical bonds, synthesis of molecules should be easy enough for large-scale production and, also, physical bonds between molecules should be sufficiently strong. Moreover, molecular orientation must be secured and molecular recognition should be possible. Despite these problems, it is necessary to attempt to apply supramolecular self-assembly via such physical bonds. Especially, it is also needed to synthesize supramolecules with excellent liquid crystal orientation as well as processability.

REFERENCE

Polymer Science and Technology Vol. 20, No. 6, December 2009 â€œSupramolecular Self-Assembly Using Arrays of Hydrogen-Bondsâ€ edited by In Young Song and Taiho Park

DISCLOSURETechnical Problem

The object of the present invention is to provide a novel supramolecular compound with physical bonds.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal compound with enhanced mechanical and chemical properties.

Further object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal compound with wide viewing angle, high brightness, and rapid response time to an electric field.

Technical Solution

One aspect of the invention relates to POSS-dendron-structured liquid crystal compound of the following chemical formula 1,

[Image Omitted]

where Ar is C₆-C₂₀arylene,
P is polysilsesquioxane,
R₁and R₂is independently C₁-C₃₀hydrocarbon,
M is mesogen, and
m is 1-3.

Another aspect of the invention relates to a liquid crystal display (LCD) device comprising the liquid crystal compound.

Advantageous Effects

Due to excellent processability of the POSS-dendron-structured liquid crystal compound according to the present invention, it is possible to coat and print on the compound and, also, to manufacture large size flexible devices.

According to the present invention, it is possible to maximize the physical bond strength between liquid crystals and, thus, to form higher-order structures by controlling the physical bond strength.

Since the POSS-dendron-structured liquid crystal compound of the present invention introduces non-functional groups to inorganic chemicals in contrast to the conventional liquid crystals, the compound disperses well into general types of solvents. In addition, the chemical and mechanical properties of the compound of the invention, such as increase of maximum allowable temperature, inhibition of oxidation, increase of surface hardness, etc., improves since polysilsesquioxane includes reactive or non-reactive organic compounds.

When the POSS-dendron-structured liquid crystal compound of the invention is used as an additive for liquid crystal layers, it can enhance the orientation of liquid crystal molecules. Moreover, the POSS part of the added liquid crystal compound of the invention may move to the lower surface of the liquid crystal layer and, then, improves the orientation.

BEST MODE

The present invention may be carried out by the descriptions below. It should be understood that the following descriptions describe preferable embodiments of the invention and not limit the scope of the invention.

The invention relates to the POSS-dendron-structured liquid crystal compound of the following chemical formula 1,

[Image Omitted]

where Ar is C₆-C₂₀arylene,
P is polysilsesquioxane,
R₁and R₂is independently C₁-C₃₀hydrocarbon,
M is mesogen, and
m is 1-3.

The polysilsesquioxane (POSS) may be indicated as the following chemical formula 2 or 3:

[Image Omitted]

where R is selected from the group consisting of C₁-C₃alkyl, C₁-C₃alkenyl, C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl, C₆-C₁₅aryl, hydrogen and hydroxyl; and n is 3-1,000.

The molecular weight of the polysilsesquioxane is 500-100,000 g/mol.

Since the polysilsesquioxane exists as the chemical formula 1 having â€”(Ar)â€”[R₂-M-R₁]_m, the problem that it is difficult to disperse the POSS as a complex has be solved.

According to the present invention, the compound of the chemical formula 1 may be formed by introducing NCO to the end group of the POSS, followed by reacting â€”(Ar)â€”[R₂-M-R₁]_mtherewith, in order to bind â€”(Ar)â€”[R₂-M-R₁]_mto the POSS.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the compound of the chemical formula 1 may be POSSâ€”NHCOOâ€”(Ar)â€”[R₂-M-R₁]_mby binding of OH of Ar with NCO at the end of the POSS.

Although the compound of the chemical formula 1 contains POSS, the liquid crystal compound may disperse well at the level of molecule and, also, easily dissolve in organic solvents.

In addition, due to introduction of a polysilsesquioxane derivative, the polymeric properties, such as working temperature, inhibition of oxidation, surface hardness, mechanical properties, etc., of the liquid crystal compound of the chemical formula 1 are enhanced, and the combustibility, heat evolution and viscosity of the compound is reduced.

When the POSS-dendron-structured liquid crystal compound of the chemical formula 1 is used as an additive to the liquid crystal layer, the POSS moves to the lower surface of the liquid crystal layer and, then, enhances the orientation of the liquid crystal.

Ar of the chemical formula 1 is C₆-C₂₀arylene and may include benzene ring compounds, fused benzene ring compounds and hetero ring compounds. At least one carbon atom of the Ar in the chemical formula 1 may be substituted by N, S or O which has non-covalent electron pair(s). Examples of the Ar may include the compounds of the chemical formula 4.

[Image Omitted]

The chemical formula 1 may be indicated as the following chemical formula 5:

[Image Omitted]

where P is polysilsesquioxane, R₁and R₂are independently C₁-C₃₀hydrocarbon, M is mesogen, and m is 1-3.

R₁and R₂is independently C₁-C₃₀hydrocarbon. At least one of R₁and R₂may be hydrophilic or hydrophobic. Preferably, any one of R₁and R₂is hydrophilic, the other is hydrophobic.

R₁and R₂are interchangeable with each other in the chemical formula 1.

R₁and R₂may be independently C₂-C₃₀linear or branched alkyl, or C₂-C₃₀alkenyl; or C₂-C₃₀linear or branched alkyl, or C₂-C₃₀alkenyl, of which at least one carbon atom is substituted by O, S, N or F.

R₁and R₂are independently C₁-C₃₀alkylene, C₁-C₃₀alkoxy, C₁-C₃₀fluoroalkylene, C₁-C₃₀ether, C₁-C₃₀fluoroether or â€”OR₃Oâ€”, where R₃may be C₁-C₃₀alkylene or C₁-C₃₀fluoroalkylene.

The mesogen may be indicated as the following chemical formula 6:

[Image Omitted]

where A is â€”Oâ€”, â€”COOâ€”, â€”OCOâ€” or â€”NHCOâ€”; B is S, O, N₂or (CH₂)_n; and n is 1-20.

The mesogen itself has liquid crystallinity and excellent ability of self-assembly by Ï€-Ï€ interaction.

Examples of the POSS-dendron-structured liquid crystal compound may be indicated as the following chemical formula 7.

[Image Omitted]

The weight average molecular weight of the POSS-dendron-structured liquid crystal compound may be 500-150,000 g/mol, preferably 500-3,000 g/mol.

The POSS-dendron-structured liquid crystal compound can form a physical bond between liquid crystals. The liquid crystal compound has many non-covalent electron pairs. For example, since carbon atoms in a hydrocarbon chain or an aromatic ring compounds are substituted by N, O, F or S, hydrogen bonds, Ï€-Ï€ interactions, hydrophilic-hydrophobic intermolecular forces can be strengthened and, thereby, physical bonds between liquid crystals may be maximized. The dendron-structured compound may form a supramolecular structure by inducing physical bonds between liquid crystals.

Since the liquid crystal compound includes either of hydrophilic or hydrophobic hydrocarbon, or both of them, it has a wide range of selection for solvents and its processability is excellent. Furthermore, addition of the liquid crystal compound of the invention makes the interactions between the liquid crystal molecules increase, thereby allowing for a wider range of working temperature of the liquid crystal.

According to other aspect of the invention, the invention relates to an LCD device comprising the dendron-structured liquid crystal compound. Preferably, the LCD device of the invention may be applied to vertical alignment modes.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the liquid crystal display device of the invention may comprise a lower substrate with a pixel electrode and a common electrode which are arranged spacedly; a upper substrate arranged opposite to the lower substrate; a liquid crystal layer located between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, which is in an isotropic state without application of an electric field and in an anisotropic state with application of an electric field; and a polarizing plate crossing the upper substrate and the lower substrate.

The upper substrate, the lower substrate, the polarizing plate, the liquid crystal, etc., which are employed in the present invention may be manufactured by the known methods, materials and techniques.

For example, the lower substrate may be manufactured so as to comprise thin film transistors formed at each pixel on an insulating substrate and pixel electrodes connected to the transistors. In addition, the upper substrate plays a role in improvement of an image quality by forming black matrices out of opaque materials such as Cr, which substantially defines pixel-domains on an insulating plate, and is generally formed to overlap with the gates and/or data-lines of the lower substrate in order to reduce influence on an aperture ratio. The upper substrate comprises a color filter which is located below a black matrix and is corresponding to a pixel, and a common electrode formed on the color filter.

The liquid crystal may be a material that is optically isotropic with application of an electric field and optically anisotropic with application of an electric field, or that is optically anisotropic without application of an electric field and optically isotropic with application of an electric field, such as materials exhibiting the Pockels effect or the Kerr effect.

Examples of the liquid crystals which may be used for the present invention include 5CB (p-n-pentyl-pâ€²-cyanobiphenyl), JC-1041 (Chisso), etc., and ZLI-4572 (Merck), ISO-(60BA)2, CB-15, etc. may be used as a chiral dopant.

The liquid crystal molecules of the LCD device of the invention aligns vertically. The liquid crystal may be used, of which dielectric anisotropy is negative when it is operated by using vertical electric field.

The POSS-dendron-structured liquid crystal compound may be used as an additive to a liquid crystal layer to enhance the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules. The dendron-structured liquid crystal compound may be employed 0.1-30 wt % relative to the liquid crystal.

When the dendron-structured liquid crystal compound is added to the liquid crystal layer, the POSS part of the liquid crystal may move to the lower surface of the liquid crystal layer and, then, enhance the orientation of the liquid crystal.

Detailed embodiments of the present invention will be described below, but not limiting the scope of the invention.

The chemical formula 8 shows examples of the POSS-dendron-structured liquid crystal compound which can be used for the invention.

[Image Omitted]

One example of the method for preparing the POSS-dendron-structured liquid crystal compound of the chemical formula 8 will be described below. First, alkyl chain of R₁and mesogen of M are reacted by weight ratio of 1:1.2 at 110Â° C. together with a catalyst of K₂CO₃and a catalyst activator KI. Oxide chain of R₂is mixed with tosyl group containing O by weight ratio of 1:2, together with a catalyst of trimethylamine and, then, reacted at room temperature. The reactants, R₁â€”M and R₂are mixed by a weight ratio of 1:3 and reacted with addition of a catalyst of K₂CO₃at 80Â° C. The thus obtained R₁â€”Mâ€”R₂is mixed with benzoate containing three OH groups by a weight ratio of 1:5, followed by addition of a catalyst of K₂CO₃, and, after reaction at 80Â° C., R₁-M-R₂â€”Ar is formed. Subsequently, R₁-M-R₂â€”Ar and LiAH₄are mixed by weight ratio of 1:10 to convert the end of Ar to CH₂OH. Lastly, the thus obtained R₁-M-R₂â€”Ar and polysilsesquioxane (molecular weight 1,159.99 g/mol) are mixed by a weight ratio of 1.2:1 and, then, reacted at 65Â° C. with addition of dibutyltin dilaurate as a catalyst to form liquid crystals containing POSS. The above reactions are shown in the following reaction scheme 1.

[Image Omitted]

Examples of R₁of the chemical formula 8 are listed in Table 1.

TABLE 1CF₃(CF₂)_nCH₂CH₂OHCH₃(CH₂)_nBrCH₃(CH₂)_nOHCH₃(OCH₂CH₂)_nOHChemical Formula 9Chemical Formula 10Chemical Formula 11Chemical Formula 12CH₃(OCH₂CH₂)_nBrCF₃(CF₂)_nBrCF₃(CF₂)_nICF₃(CF₂)_nCH₂IChemical Formula 13Chemical Formula 14Chemical Formula 15Chemical Formula 16CF₃(CF₂)_nCH₂OHCF₃(CF₂)_nCH₂CH₂ICH₃(CH₂)_nClChemical Formula 17Chemical Formula 18Chemical Formula 19

n is 1-20 in the chemical formulas 9-19.

The OHs of the chemical formulas 9, 11, 12 and 17 can be substituted by tosylate.

R₂of the chemical formula 8 can be selected from the groups listed in Table 2.

Cl(CH₂)_nClBr(CH₂)_nBrHO(CH₂)_nOHClCH₂(CH₂OCH₂)_nCH₂ClChemical Formula 20Chemical Formula 21Chemical Formula 22Chemical Formula 23Cl(CF₂)_nClI(CF₂)_nIBr(CF₂)_nBrHOCH₂(CH₂OCH₂)_nCH₂OHChemical Formula 24Chemical Formula 25Chemical Formula 26Chemical Formula 27HOCH₂(CF₂)_nCH₂OHChemical Formula 28

n is 1-12 in the chemical formulas 20-28.

Either or both of OH of the chemical formulas 22, 27 and 28 can be substituted by tosylate.

M can be selected from the groups listed in Table 3.

TABLE 3

Chemical Formula 29 [Image Omitted]

Chemical Formula 30 [Image Omitted]

Chemical Formula 31 [Image Omitted]

Chemical Formula 32 [Image Omitted]

Chemical Formula 33 [Image Omitted]

Chemical Formula 34 [Image Omitted]

Chemical Formula 35 [Image Omitted]

Chemical Formula 36 [Image Omitted]

Chemical Formula 37 [Image Omitted]

Chemical Formula 38 [Image Omitted]

Chemical Formula 39 [Image Omitted]

Chemical Formula 40

R₁and R₂of the chemical formulas 29-40 may bind to M at m- or p-site.

1-8 nitrogen atoms may be present at the m- or p-site.

In addition, C1-C8 alkyl, instead of hydrogen, may be present at at the m- or p-site.

Detailed embodiments of the derivatives of the chemical formula 8 of the invention is listed in Table 4, but not limited thereto.

TABLE 4R1MR2L11-1CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”OCH2(CH2OCH2)nCH2Oâ€”Chemical Formula 3-1 1-2CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”OCH2(CH2OCH2)nCH2Oâ€”Chemical Formula 3-2 1-3CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”OCH2(CH2OCH2)nCH2Oâ€”Chemical Formula 3-3 1-4CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”OCH2(CH2OCH2)nCH2Oâ€”Chemical Formula 3-4 1-5CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”OCH2(CH2OCH2)nCH2Oâ€”Chemical Formula 3-5 1-6CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”OCH2(CH2OCH2)nCH2Oâ€”Chemical Formula 3-6 1-7CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”O(CH2)nOâ€”Chemical Formula 3-1 1-8CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”O(CH2)nOâ€”Chemical Formula 3-2 1-9CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”O(CH2)nOâ€”Chemical Formula 3-3 1-10CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”O(CH2)nOâ€”Chemical Formula 3-4 1-11CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”O(CH2)nOâ€”Chemical Formula 3-5 1-12CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”O(CH2)nOâ€”Chemical Formula 3-6 1-13CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”(CH2)nâ€”Chemical Formula 3-1 1-14CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”(CH2)nâ€”Chemical Formula 3-2 1-15CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”(CH2)nâ€”Chemical Formula 3-3 1-16CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”(CH2)nâ€”Chemical Formula 3-4 1-17CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”(CH2)nâ€”Chemical Formula 3-5 1-18CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”(CH2)nâ€”Chemical Formula 3-6 2-1CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”(CF2)nâ€”Chemical Formula 3-1 2-2CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”(CF2)nâ€”Chemical Formula 3-2 2-3CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”(CF2)nâ€”Chemical Formula 3-3 2-4CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”(CF2)nâ€”Chemical Formula 3-4 2-5CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”(CF2)nâ€”Chemical Formula 3-5 2-6CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”(CF2)nâ€”Chemical Formula 3-6 2-7CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”CH2(CH2OCH2)nCH2â€”Chemical Formula 3-1 2-8CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”CH2(CH2OCH2)nCH2â€”Chemical Formula 3-2 2-9CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”CH2(CH2OCH2)nCH2â€”Chemical Formula 3-3 2-10CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”CH2(CH2OCH2)nCH2â€”Chemical Formula 3-4 2-11CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”CH2(CH2OCH2)nCH2â€”Chemical Formula 3-5 2-12CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”CH2(CH2OCH2)nCH2â€”Chemical Formula 3-6 2-13CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”OCH2(CF2)nCH2Oâ€”Chemical Formula 3-1 2-14CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”OCH2(CF2)nCH2Oâ€”Chemical Formula 3-2 2-15CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”OCH2(CF2)nCH2Oâ€”Chemical Formula 3-3 2-16CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”OCH2(CF2)nCH2Oâ€”Chemical Formula 3-4 2-17CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”OCH2(CF2)nCH2Oâ€”Chemical Formula 3-5 2-18CH3(CH2)nâ€” [Image Omitted]

â€”OCH2(CF2)nCH2Oâ€”Chemical Formula 3-6

n of Table 4 may be determined by reference to the above-mentioned description.

EXAMPLE 1 Synthesis of 3,4,5-tris[2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]benzoic acid methyl ester

1-bromooctane (11.7 g, 60.58 mmol) and 4,4-biphenol (13.54 g, 72.70 mmol) were added to purified N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF, 80 mL) in a 250 mL 1 neck round flask. Then, potassium carbonate (8.37 g, 60.58 mmol) and potassium iodine (1.01 g, 6.06 mmol) were added, followed by reflux at 110Â° C. for 12 hr. After reaction, the reaction products and 1,000 mL of water were poured to a 2,000 mL beaker and agitated, followed by filtration. Thereafter, the residue was dissolved by ethyl acetate and, then, filtered. The filtered solvent was evaporated. The thus obtained product was recrystallized by using 150 mL of ethanol. Finally, the product was obtained by filtration. (yield=7.86 g, 43%)

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): Î´ 7.45-7.41 (t, 4H), 6.95-6.88 (dd, 4H), 4.72 (s, 1H), 4.00-3.96 (t, 2H), 1.83-1.76 (m, 2H), 1.50-1.25 (m, 10H), 0.90-0.87 (t, 3H).

Synthesis of tri(ethylene glycol) bis(p-toluenesulfonate)

p-toluenesulfonyl chloride (40.63 g, 213.09 mmol) was dissolved in methylene chloride (MC, 150 mL) in a 500 mL 1 neck round flask and, then, triethyleneglycol (16 g, 105.55 mmol) and triethylamine (29.72 mL, 213.09 mmol) were added. The reacting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 8 hr. After reaction, 200 mL of distilled water was added and extraction was carried out by using 600 mL of chloroform (CHCl₃). After removing the solvents, products were separated by column chromatography (silica, hexane/ethyl acetate=1:1 (v/v)). (yield=42.59 g, 87%)

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): Î´ 7.80-7.78 (d, 4H), 7.35-7.33 (d, 4H), 4.15-4.12 (t, 4H), 3.66-3.64 (t, 4H), 3.52 (s, 4H), 2.44 (s, 6H).

Synthesis of 2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethyl p-toluenesulfonate

4-(4â€²-octyloxy)-hydroxybiphenyl (4.88 g, 16.35 mmol) and tri(ethylene glycol) bis(p-toluenesulfonate) (22.50 g, 49.06 mmol) were dissolved in purified N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF, 150 mL) in a 500 mL 1 neck round flask and, then, potassium carbonate (9.04 g, 65.41 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was refluxed at 80Â° C. for 5 hr. After removing the solvent, 200 mL of distilled water was added and extraction was carried out by using 600 mL of chloroform. After removing all the solvents, products were separated by column chromatography (silica, hexane/ethyl acetate=1:1 (v/v)) followed by another column chromatography (silica, methylene chloride/ethyl acetate=12:1, (v/v)). (yield=4 g, 42%)

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): Î´ 7.80-7.78 (d, 2H), 7.4-7.44 (d, 4H), 7.32-7.30 (d, 2H), 6.96-6.93 (m 4H), 4.17-4.12 (m, 4H), 3.99-3.96 (t, 2H), 3.85-3.82 (t, 2H), 3.71-3.60 (m, 6H), 2.42 (s, 3H), 1.83-1.76 (m, 2H), 1.50-1.29 (m, 10H), 0.90-0.87 (t, 3H).

Synthesis of 3,4,5-tris[2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]benzoic acid methyl ester

2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)-hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethyl p-toluenesulfonate (4.03 g, 6.89 mmol) was dissolved in purified N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF, 40 mL) and, then, methy-3,4,5 trihydroxybenzoate (0.25 g, 1.38 mmol) and potassium carbonate (0.76 g, 5.51 mmol) were added. The reaction mixture was refluxed at 80Â° C. for 3 days under nitrogen atmosphere. After removing the solvent, 200 mL of distilled water was added and extraction was carried out by using 600 mL of chloroform. After removing the solvent, products were separated by column chromatography (silica, chloroform/ethyl acetate=1:1 (v/v)). (yield=1.08 g, 56%)

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): Î´ 7.44-7.41 (m, 12H), 7.29 (s, 2H), 6.94-6.90 (m, 12H), 4.25-4.22 (t, 2H), 4.20-4.17 (t, 4H), 4.13-4.09 (m, 6H), 3.98-3.95 (t, 6H), 3.88-3.80 m (m, 12H), 3.86 (s, 3H), 3.73-3.70 (m, 12H), 1.82-1.75 (m, 6H), 1.47-1.28 (m, 30H), 0.90-0.87 (t, 9H).

EXAMPLE 2 Synthesis of 3,4,5-tris[2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]benzyl alcohol

3,4,5-tris[2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)-hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]benzoic acid methyl ester (0.50 g, 0.35 mmol) was dissolved in chloroform (CHCl₃, 5 mL) in a 25 mL 1 neck flask and, then, lithium aluminium hydride (0.13 g, 3.51 mmol) was added slowly. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hr. After reaction, distilled water was added to the mixture in an ice bath. A few drops of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄, 2 M) was then added to the mixture for neutralization. 200 mL of distilled water was added to the mixture and extraction was carried out by using 300 mL of chloroform. The solvents were all removed. (yield=0.46 g, 94%)

¹H NMR: Î´ 7.44-7.41 (m, 12H), 6.94-6.90 (m, 12H), 6.60 (s, 2H), 4.53 (s, 2H), 4.17-4.10 (m, 12H), 3.98-3.95 (t, 6H), 3.85-3.79 (m, 12H), 3.73 (s, 12H), 1.82-1.75 (m, 6H), 1.47-1.28 (m, 30H), 0.90-0.87 (t, 9H).

EXAMPLE 3 Synthesis of 3,4,5-tris[2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]benzyl bromide

3,4,5-tris[2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)-hydroxybipheny]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]benzyl alcohol (0.46 g, 0.33 mmol) and 5 mL of chloroform were added to a 100 mL 1 neck flask. Trimethylsilyl briomide (0.0757 g, 0.495 mmol) was added dropwise to the reaction mixture at 0Â° C. The thus obtained mixture was stirred at 0Â° C. for 1 hr and, then, stirred at room temperature for 3 hr. After reaction, all the solvents were removed. (yield: 0.38 g, 79%)

¹H NMR: Î´ 7.44-7.42 (m, 12H), 6.94-6.90 (m, 12H), 6.66 (s, 2H), 4.36 (s, 2H), 4.14-4.12 (m, 12H), 3.98-3.95 (t, 6H), 3.85-3.80 (m, 12H), 3.73 (s, 12H), 1.82-1.75 (m, 6H), 1.47-1.28 (m, 30H), 0.90-0.87 (t, 9H).

EXAMPLE 4 Synthesis of 3,4,5-tris[2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]benzyl azide

3,4,5-tris[2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)-hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]benzyl bromide (0.3 g 0.206 mmol), 5 mL of DMF and sodium azide (0.26 g, 4.12 mmol) were added to a 25 mL 1 neck flask. The reaction mixture was stirred for one day under argon atmosphere. After reaction, the solvent was removed. Products were separated by column chromatography (silica, chloroform:ethyl acetate=1:1 (v/v)). (yield: 0.16 g, 54%)

¹H NMR: Î´ 7.44-7.41 (m, 12H), 6.94-6.90 (m, 12H), 6.52 (s, 2H), 4.20-4.10 (m, 14H), 3.98-3.95 (t, 6H), 3.86-3.79 (m, 12H), 3.73 (s, 12H), 1.82-1.75 (m, 6H), 1.47-1.28 (m, 30H), 0.90-0.87 (t, 9H).

EXAMPLE 5 Synthesis of 3,4,5-tris[2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]benzoic acid

3,4,5-tris[2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)-hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]benzoic acid methyl ester (1.08 g, 0.76 mmol) and 20 mL of tetrahydrofuran were added to a 100 mL 1 neck flask. Aqueous sodium hydroxide (10 M) and 15 mL of methanol were added thereto. The reaction mixture was stirred at 60Â° C. for 2.5 hr. After reaction, hydrochloric acid was added. After filtration, the thus obtained products were dissolved in chloroform and, then, precipitated in ethanol. (yield: 0.88 g, 82%)

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): Î´ 7.43-7.41 (m, 12H), 7.33 (s, 2H), 6.93-6.90 (m, 12H), 4.26-4.24 (t, 2H), 4.19-4.17 (t, 4H), 4.13-4.09 (m, 6H), 3.97-3.94 (t, 6H), 3.87-3.83 (m, 12H), 3.73-3.71 (m, 12H), 1.81-1.74 (m, 6H), 1.47-1.28 (m, 30H), 0.90-0.86 (t, 9H).

EXAMPLE 6 Synthesis of 3,4,5-tris[2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]acyl chloride

3,4,5-tris[2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)-hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]benzoic acid (0.88 g, 0.62 mmol) and thionyl chloride (1.85 g, 15.62 mmol) were added to a 100 mL 1 neck flask and, then, the mixture was stirred at 60Â° C. for 8 hr. The solvent was removed. (yield: 0.88 g, 100%)

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): Î´ 7.44-7.42 (m, 12H), 7.37 (s, 2H), 6.94-6.91 (m, 12H), 4.30-4.29 (t, 2H), 4.19-4.18 (t, 4H), 4.13-4.09 (m, 6H), 3.97-3.95 (t, 6H), 3.87-3.80 (m, 12H), 3.74-3.69 (m, 12H), 1.81-1.76 (m, 6H), 1.48-1.27 (m, 30H), 0.90-0.87 (t, 9H).

EXAMPLE 7 Synthesis of 3,5-[2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]benzoic acid methyl ester

2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)-hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethyl p-toluenesulfonate (6.64 g, 22.25 mmol) was dissolved in purified N,N-dimethyl-formamide (DMF, 25 mL) in a 250 mL 1 neck round flask and, then, methyl 3,5-hydroxybenzoate (0.96 g, 5.56 mmol) and potassium carbonate (2.31 g, 16.68 mmol) were added. The reaction mixture was refluxed at 80Â° C. for 2 days under nitrogen atmosphere. After removing the solvent, 200 mL of distilled water and, then, extraction was performed by using 600 mL of chloroform. After removing all the solvents, products were separated by column chromatography (silica, methylene chloride/ethyl acetate=5:1 (v/v)). (yield=1.64 g, 29%)

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): Î´ 7.45-7.43 (m, 4H), 7.19 (d, 2H), 6.95-6.93 (m, 4H), 6.7 (s, 1H), 4.15-4.13 (m, 4H), 4.00-3.97 (t, 2H), 3.90-3.87 (m, 4H), 3.86 (s, 3H), 3.75 (s, 4H), 1.81-1.77 (m, 2H), 1.50-1.29 (m, 10H), 0.90-0.87 (t, 3H).

EXAMPLE 8 Synthesis of 3,5-[2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]benzyl alcohol

3,5-[2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)-hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]benzoic acid methyl ester (1.64 g, 1.61 mmol) was dissolved in chloroform (CHCl₃, 20 mL) in a 100 mL 1 neck flask and, then, lithium aluminium hydride (0.61 g, 16.06 mmol) was added slowly. The reaction mixture was agitated at room temperature for 2 hr. A few drops of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄, 2 M) were added to the mixture for neutralization (pH 7). 200 mL of distilled water was added to the mixture and extraction was carried out by using 600 mL of chloroform. All the solvents were removed. (yield=1.4 g, 88%)

¹H NMR: Î´ 7.45-7.43 (m, 4H), 6.96-6.93 (m, 4H), 6.52-6.51 (d, 2H), 6.42 (s, 1H), 4.57 (s, 2H), 4.14-4.10 (m, 4H), 3.99-3.96 (t, 2H), 3.87-3.84 (m, 4H), 3.74 (s, 4H), 1.81-1.77 (m, 2H), 1.46-1.29 (m, 10H), 0.90-0.87 (t, 3H).

EXAMPLE 9 Synthesis of 4-[2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]benzoic acid methyl ester

2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)-hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethyl p-toluenesulfonate (2.3 g, 3.93 mmol) was dissolved in purified N,N-dimethyl-formamide (DMF, 25 mL) in a 250 mL 1 neck round flask and, then, methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (0.39 g, 2.62 mmol) and potassium carbonate (0.54 g, 3.93 mmol) were added. The reaction mixture was refluxed at 80Â° C. for one day under nitrogen atmosphere. After removing the solvent, 200 mL of distilled water was added and, then, extraction was performed by using 600 mL of chloroform. After removing all the solvents, products were separated by column chromatography (silica, methylene chloride/ethyl acetate=12:1 (v/v)). (yield=0.8 g, 54%,)

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): Î´ 7.97-7.95 (d, 2H), 7.46-7.44 (d, 4H), 6.96-6.90 (m, 6H), 4.18-4.14 (m, 4H), 3.99-3.96 (t, 2H), 3.90-3.87 (m, 4H), 3.87 (s, 3H), 3.76 (s, 4H), 1.83-1.76 (m, 2H), 1.84-1.29 (m, 10H), 0.90-0.87 (t, 3H).

EXAMPLE 10 Synthesis of 4-[2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]benzyl alcohol

4- [2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)-hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]benzoic acid methyl ester (0.56 g, 0.99 mmol) was dissolved in chloroform (CHCl₃, 5 mL) in a 100 mL 1 neck flask and, then, lithium aluminium hydride (0.37 g, 9.91 mmol) was added slowly. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hr and, after reaction, was dipped in an ice bath. A few drops of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄, 2 M) were added to the mixture for neutralization (pH 7). 200 mL of distilled water was added and extraction was carried out by using 600 mL of chloroform. All the solvents were removed. (yield=0.47 g, 88%)

¹H NMR: Î´ 7.45-7.43 (d, 4H), 7.27-7.24 (d, 2H), 6.96-6.88 (m, 6H), 4.59 (s, 2H), 4.16-4.11 (m, 4H), 3.99-3.96 (t, 2H), 3.89-3.86 (m, 4H), 3.76 (s, 4H), 1.83-1.75 (m, 2H), 1.55-1.29 (m, 10H), 0.90-0.87 (t, 3H).

EXAMPLE 11 Synthesis of 3,4,5-tris[2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]benzyl methoxy-POSS

3,4,5-[2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]benzyl alcohol (0.5 g, 0.358 mmol) and POSS-Isocyanate (0.498 g, 0.430 mmol) were dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF, 10 mL) in a 100 mL 1 neck flask and, then, dibutyl tin dilaurate (0.022 g, 0.036 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was refluxed at 65Â° C. for 18 hr under nitrogen atmosphere. After reaction, all the solvents were removed and, then, products were separated by column chromatography (silica, chloroform/ethyl acetate=3:1 (v/v)). (yield=0.49 g, 54%)

¹H NMR: 7.44-7.41 (m, 12H), 6.94-6.90 (m, 12H), 6.58 (s, 2H), 4.95 (s, 2H), 4.78-4.75 (t, 1H), 4.16-4.10 (m, 12H), 3.98-3.95 (t, 6H), 3.86-3.79 (m, 12H), 3.77-3.71 (m, 12H), 3.19-3.14 (m, 2H), 1.82-1.65 (m, 48H), 1.57-1.16 (m, 60H), 0.90-0.87 (t, 9H), 0.77-0.72 (m, 7H), 0.59-0.55 (m, 2H), 0.12 (s, 6H).

EXAMPLE 12 Synthesis of 3,5-tris[2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]benzyl methoxy-POSS

3,5-[2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]benzyl alcohol (0.7 g, 0.704 mmol) and POSS-Isocyanate (0.978 g, 0.845 mmol) were dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF, 15 mL) in a 100 mL 1 neck flask and, then, dibutyl tin dilaurate (0.054 g, 0.070 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was refluxed at 65Â° C. for 18 hr under nitrogen atmosphere. After reaction, the solvent was removed and products were separated by column chromatography (silica, hexane/ethyl acetate=1.5:1 (v/v)). (yield=0.3 g, 20%)

¹H NMR: 7.45-7.43 (m, 8H), 6.96-6.93 (m, 8H), 6.51-6.50 (d, 2H), 6.44 (s, 1H), 4.99 (s, 2H), 4.78-4.72 (t, 1H), 4.15-4.09 (m, 8H), 3.99-3.96 (t, 4H), 3.88-3.82 (m, 8H), 3.74 (s, 8H), 3.17-3.15 (m, 2H), 1.84-1.63 (m, 40H), 1.51-1.16 (m, 58H), 0.90-0.87 (t, 6H), 0.81-0.70 (m, 7H), 0.59-0.53 (m, 2H), 0.13 (s, 6H).

EXAMPLE 13 Synthesis of 4-[2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]benzyl methoxy-POSS

4-[2-(2-{2-[4-(4â€²-octyloxy)hydroxybiphenyl]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethoxy]benzyl alcohol (0.077 g, 0.144 mmol) and POSS-Isocyanate (0.2 g, 0.173 mmol) were dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THE, 5 mL) and, then, dibutyl tin dilaurate (0.027 g, 0.043 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was refluxed at 60Â° C. for 18 hr under nitrogen atmosphere. After reaction, the solvent was removed and, then, products were separated by column chromatography (silica, hexane/ethyl acetate=2:1 (v/v)). (yield=0.18 g, 76%)

¹H NMR: 7.45-7.43 (d, 4H), 7.27-7.25 (d, 2H), 6.96-6.92 (t, 4H), 6.89-6.87 (d, 2H), 5.01 (s, 2H), 4.70 (s, 1H), 4.16-4.10 (m, 4H), 3.99-3.96 (t, 2H), 3.88-3.86 (m, 4H), 3.75 (s, 4H), 3.17-3.13 (m, 2H), 1.82-1.72 (m, 44H), 1.56-1.22 (m, 40H), 0.90-0.87 (t, 3H), 0.77-0.73 (m, 7H), 0.58-0.54 (m, 2H), 0.12 (s, 6H).