In some aspects, the SERM can be enclomiphene or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof. In some aspects, the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of enclomiphene can be enclomiphene citrate.

In some aspects, the SERM can be toremifene or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof. In some aspects, the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of toremifene can be toremifene citrate.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 1 mg to about 80 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 1 mg to about 70 mg, about 1 mg to about 60 mg, about 1 mg to about 50 mg, about 1 mg to about 40 mg, about 1 mg to about 30 mg, about 1 mg to about 25 mg, about 1 mg to about 20 mg, about 1 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 15 mg, about 1 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 10 mg, about 1 mg to about 9 mg, about 1 mg to about 8 mg, about 1 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 7 mg, about 1 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 6 mg, about 1 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 5 mg, about 1 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 4 mg, about 1 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 3 mg, about 1 mg to about 2.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 2 mg, or about 1 mg to about 1.5 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 1.5 mg to about 50 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 1.5 mg to about 40 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 20 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 15 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 10 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 9 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 8 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 7 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 6 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 4 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 3 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 2.5 mg, or about 1.5 mg to about 2 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 2 mg to about 50 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 2 mg to about 40 mg, about 2 mg to about 30 mg, about 2 mg to about 25 mg, about 2 mg to about 20 mg, about 2 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 15 mg, about 2 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 10 mg, about 2 mg to about 9 mg, about 2 mg to about 8 mg, about 2 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 7 mg, about 2 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 6 mg, about 2 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 5 mg, about 2 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 4 mg, about 2 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 3 mg, or about 2 mg to about 2.5 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 2.5 mg to about 50 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 2.5 mg to about 40 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 20 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 15 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 10 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 9 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 8 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 7 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 6 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 4 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 3.5 mg, or about 2.5 mg to about 3 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 3 mg to about 50 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 3 mg to about 40 mg, about 3 mg to about 30 mg, about 3 mg to about 25 mg, about 3 mg to about 20 mg, about 3 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 15 mg, about 3 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 10 mg, about 3 mg to about 9 mg, about 3 mg to about 8 mg, about 3 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 7 mg, about 3 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 6 mg, about 3 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 5 mg, about 3 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 4 mg, or about 3 mg to about 3.5 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 4 mg to about 50 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 4 mg to about 40 mg, about 4 mg to about 30 mg, about 4 mg to about 25 mg, about 4 mg to about 20 mg, about 4 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 15 mg, about 4 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 10 mg, about 4 mg to about 9 mg, about 4 mg to about 8 mg, about 4 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 7 mg, about 4 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 6 mg, about 4 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 5 mg, or about 4 mg to about 4.5 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 5 mg to about 50 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 5 mg to about 40 mg, about 5 mg to about 30 mg, about 5 mg to about 25 mg, about 5 mg to about 20 mg, about 5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 15 mg, about 5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 10 mg, about 5 mg to about 9 mg, about 5 mg to about 8 mg, about 5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 7 mg, about 5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 6 mg, about 5 mg to about 5.5, about 5.5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 5.5 mg to about 7 mg, about 5.5 to about 6.5 mg, about 5.5 to about 6 mg, about 6 mg to about 8 mg, about 6 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 6 mg to about 7 mg, or about 6 mg to about 6.5 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 8 mg to about 50 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 8 mg to about 40 mg, about 8 mg to about 30 mg, about 8 mg to about 25 mg, about 8 mg to about 20 mg, about 8 mg to about 15 mg, about 8 mg to about 14 mg, about 8 mg to about 13 mg, about 8 mg to about 12 mg, about 8 mg to about 11 mg, about 8 mg to about 10 mg, about 8 mg to about 9 mg, about 9 mg to about 15 mg, about 9 mg to about 14 mg, about 9 mg to about 13 mg, about 9 mg, to about 12 mg, about 9 mg to about 11 mg, or about 9 mg to about 10 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 10 mg to about 50 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 10 mg to about 40 mg, about 10 mg to about 30 mg, about 10 mg to about 27.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 25 mg, about 10 mg to about 22.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 20 mg, about 10 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 15 mg, about 11 mg to about 14 mg, or about 12 mg to about 13 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 20 mg to about 50 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 20 mg to about 40 mg, about 20 mg to about 30 mg, about 20 mg to about 29 mg, about 20 mg to about 28 mg, about 20 mg to about 27 mg, about 20 mg to about 26.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 26 mg, about 20 mg to about 25.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 25 mg, about 20 mg to about 24.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 24 mg, about 20 mg to about 23.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 23 mg, about 20 mg to about 22.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 22 mg, about 20 mg to about 21.5 mg, or about 20 mg to about 21 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 22.5 mg to about 50 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 22.5 mg to about 45 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 40 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 35 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 29 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 28 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 27.5 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 27 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 26.5 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 26 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 25.5 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 24.5 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 24 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 23.5 mg, about 22.5 to about 23 mg, 23 mg about 27.5 mg, about 23 mg to about 27 mg, about 23 mg to about 26.5 mg, about 23 mg to about 26 mg, about 23 mg to about 25.5 mg, about 23 mg to about 25 mg, about 23 mg to about 23 mg, about 23 mg to about 24 mg, about 23 mg to about 23.5 mg, about 24 mg to about 27.5 mg, about 24 mg to about 27 mg, about 24 mg to about 26.5 mg, about 24 mg to about 26 mg, about 24 mg to about 25.5 mg, about 24 mg to about 25 mg, or about 24 mg to about 24.5 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 1 mg, about 1.5 mg, about 2 mg, about 2.5 mg, about 3 mg, about 3.125 mg, about 3.5 mg, about 4 mg, about 4.5 mg, about 5 mg, about 5.5 mg, about 6 mg, about 6.25 mg, about 6.5 mg, about 7 mg, about 7.5 mg, about 8 mg, about 8.5 mg, about 9 mg, about 9.5 mg, about 10 mg, about 12.5 mg, about 15 mg, about 20 mg, about 25 mg, about 30 mg, about 35 mg, about 40 mg, about 45 mg, about 50 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 1 mg to about 80 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 1 mg to about 70 mg, about 1 mg to about 60 mg, about 1 mg to about 50 mg, about 1 mg to about 40 mg, about 1 mg to about 30 mg, about 1 mg to about 25 mg, about 1 mg to about 20 mg, about 1 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 15 mg, about 1 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 10 mg, about 1 mg to about 9 mg, about 1 mg to about 8 mg, about 1 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 7 mg, about 1 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 6 mg, about 1 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 5 mg, about 1 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 4 mg, about 1 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 3 mg, about 1 mg to about 2.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 2 mg, or about 1 mg to about 1.5 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 1.5 mg to about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 1.5 mg to about 40 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 20 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 15 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 10 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 9 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 8 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 7 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 6 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 4 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 3 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 2.5 mg, or about 1.5 mg to about 2 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 2 mg to about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 2 mg to about 40 mg, about 2 mg to about 30 mg, about 2 mg to about 25 mg, about 2 mg to about 20 mg, about 2 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 15 mg, about 2 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 10 mg, about 2 mg to about 9 mg, about 2 mg to about 8 mg, about 2 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 7 mg, about 2 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 6 mg, about 2 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 5 mg, about 2 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 4 mg, about 2 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 3 mg, or about 2 mg to about 2.5 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 2.5 mg to about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 2.5 mg to about 40 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 20 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 15 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 10 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 9 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 8 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 7 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 6 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 4 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 3.5 mg, or about 2.5 mg to about 3 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 3 mg to about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 3 mg to about 40 mg, about 3 mg to about 30 mg, about 3 mg to about 25 mg, about 3 mg to about 20 mg, about 3 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 15 mg, about 3 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 10 mg, about 3 mg to about 9 mg, about 3 mg to about 8 mg, about 3 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 7 mg, about 3 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 6 mg, about 3 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 5 mg, about 3 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 4 mg, or about 3 mg to about 3.5 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 4 mg to about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 4 mg to about 40 mg, about 4 mg to about 30 mg, about 4 mg to about 25 mg, about 4 mg to about 20 mg, about 4 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 15 mg, about 4 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 10 mg, about 4 mg to about 9 mg, about 4 mg to about 8 mg, about 4 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 7 mg, about 4 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 6 mg, about 4 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 5 mg, or about 4 mg to about 4.5 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 5 mg to about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 5 mg to about 40 mg, about 5 mg to about 30 mg, about 5 mg to about 25 mg, about 5 mg to about 20 mg, about 5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 15 mg, about 5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 10 mg, about 5 mg to about 9 mg, about 5 mg to about 8 mg, about 5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 7 mg, about 5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 6 mg, about 5 mg to about 5.5, about 5.5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 5.5 mg to about 7 mg, about 5.5 to about 6.5 mg, about 5.5 to about 6 mg, about 6 mg to about 8 mg, about 6 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 6 mg to about 7 mg, or about 6 mg to about 6.5 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 8 mg to about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 8 mg to about 40 mg, about 8 mg to about 30 mg, about 8 mg to about 25 mg, about 8 mg to about 20 mg, about 8 mg to about 15 mg, about 8 mg to about 14 mg, about 8 mg to about 13 mg, about 8 mg to about 12 mg, about 8 mg to about 11 mg, about 8 mg to about 10 mg, about 8 mg to about 9 mg, about 9 mg to about 15 mg, about 9 mg to about 14 mg, about 9 mg to about 13 mg, about 9 mg, to about 12 mg, about 9 mg to about 11 mg, or about 9 mg to about 10 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 10 mg to about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 10 mg to about 40 mg, about 10 mg to about 30 mg, about 10 mg to about 27.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 25 mg, about 10 mg to about 22.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 20 mg, about 10 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 15 mg, about 11 mg to about 14 mg, or about 12 mg to about 13 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 20 mg to about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 20 mg to about 40 mg, about 20 mg to about 30 mg, about 20 mg to about 29 mg, about 20 mg to about 28 mg, about 20 mg to about 27 mg, about 20 mg to about 26.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 26 mg, about 20 mg to about 25.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 25 mg, about 20 mg to about 24.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 24 mg, about 20 mg to about 23.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 23 mg, about 20 mg to about 22.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 22 mg, about 20 mg to about 21.5 mg, or about 20 mg to about 21 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 22.5 mg to about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 22.5 mg to about 45 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 40 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 35 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 29 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 28 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 27.5 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 27 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 26.5 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 26 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 25.5 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 24.5 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 24 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 23.5 mg, about 22.5 to about 23 mg, 23 mg about 27.5 mg, about 23 mg to about 27 mg, about 23 mg to about 26.5 mg, about 23 mg to about 26 mg, about 23 mg to about 25.5 mg, about 23 mg to about 25 mg, about 23 mg to about 23 mg, about 23 mg to about 24 mg, about 23 mg to about 23.5 mg, about 24 mg to about 27.5 mg, about 24 mg to about 27 mg, about 24 mg to about 26.5 mg, about 24 mg to about 26 mg, about 24 mg to about 25.5 mg, about 24 mg to about 25 mg, or about 24 mg to about 24.5 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 1 mg, about 1.5 mg, about 2 mg, about 2.5 mg, about 3 mg, about 3.125 mg, about 3.5 mg, about 4 mg, about 4.5 mg, about 5 mg, about 5.5 mg, about 6 mg, about 6.25 mg, about 6.5 mg, about 7 mg, about 7.5 mg, about 8 mg, about 8.5 mg, about 9 mg, about 9.5 mg, about 10 mg, about 12.5 mg, about 15 mg, about 20 mg, about 25 mg, about 30 mg, about 35 mg, about 40 mg, about 45 mg, about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 1 mg to about 120 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 1 mg to about 110 mg, about 1 mg to about 100 mg, about 1 mg to about 90 mg, about 1 mg to about 80 mg, about 1 mg to about 70 mg, about 1 mg to about 60 mg, about 1 mg to about 50 mg, about 1 mg to about 40 mg, about 1 mg to about 30 mg, about 1 mg to about 25 mg, about 1 mg to about 20 mg, about 1 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 15 mg, about 1 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 10 mg, about 1 mg to about 9 mg, about 1 mg to about 8 mg, about 1 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 7 mg, about 1 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 6 mg, about 1 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 5 mg, about 1 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 4 mg, about 1 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 3 mg, about 1 mg to about 2.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 2 mg, or about 1 mg to about 1.5 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 2 mg to about 1200 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 2 mg to about 110 mg, about 2 mg to about 100 mg, about 2 mg to about 90 mg, about 2 mg to about 80 mg, about 2 mg to about 70 mg, about 2 mg to about 60 mg, about 2 mg to about 50 mg, about 2 mg to about 40 mg, about 2 mg to about 30 mg, about 2 mg to about 25 mg, about 2 mg to about 20 mg, about 2 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 15 mg, about 2 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 10 mg, about 2 mg to about 9 mg, about 2 mg to about 8 mg, about 2 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 7 mg, about 2 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 6 mg, about 2 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 5 mg, about 2 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 4 mg, about 2 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 3 mg, or about 2 mg to about 2.5 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 5 mg to about 120 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 5 mg to about 110 mg, about 5 mg to about 100 mg, about 5 mg to about 90 mg, about 5 mg to about 80 mg, about 5 mg to about 70 mg, about 5 mg to about 60 mg, about 5 mg to about 50 mg, about 5 mg to about 40 mg, about 5 mg to about 30 mg, about 5 mg to about 25 mg, about 5 mg to about 20 mg, about 5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 15 mg, about 5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 10 mg, about 5 mg to about 9 mg, about 5 mg to about 8 mg, about 5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 7 mg, about 5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 6 mg, about 5 mg to about 5.5, about 5.5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 5.5 mg to about 7 mg, about 5.5 to about 6.5 mg, about 5.5 to about 6 mg, about 6 mg to about 8 mg, about 6 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 6 mg to about 7 mg, or about 6 mg to about 6.5 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 10 mg to about 120 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 10 mg to about 110 mg, about 10 mg to about 100 mg, about 10 mg to about 90 mg, about 10 mg to about 80 mg, about 10 mg to about 70 mg, about 10 mg to about 60 mg, about 10 mg to about 50 mg, about 10 mg to about 40 mg, about 10 mg to about 30 mg, about 10 mg to about 27.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 25 mg, about 10 mg to about 22.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 20 mg, about 10 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 15 mg, about 11 mg to about 14 mg, or about 12 mg to about 13 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 20 mg to about 120 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 20 mg to about 110 mg, about 20 mg to about 100 mg, about 20 mg to about 90 mg, about 20 mg to about 80 mg, about 20 mg to about 70 mg, about 20 mg to about 60 mg, about 20 mg to about 50 mg, about 20 mg to about 40 mg, about 20 mg to about 30 mg, about 20 mg to about 29 mg, about 20 mg to about 28 mg, about 20 mg to about 27 mg, about 20 mg to about 26.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 26 mg, about 20 mg to about 25.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 25 mg, about 20 mg to about 24.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 24 mg, about 20 mg to about 23.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 23 mg, about 20 mg to about 22.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 22 mg, about 20 mg to about 21.5 mg, or about 20 mg to about 21 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 40 mg to about 120 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 40 mg to about 110 mg, about 40 mg to about 100 mg, about 40 mg to about 90 mg, about 40 mg to about 80 mg, about 40 mg to about 70 mg, about 40 mg to about 60 mg, about 50 mg to about 120 mg, about 50 mg to about 100 mg, about 50 mg to about 90 mg, about 50 mg to about 80 mg, about 50 mg to about 70 mg, or about 60 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 1 mg, about 1.5 mg, about 2 mg, about 2.5 mg, about 3 mg, about 3.125 mg, about 3.5 mg, about 4 mg, about 4.5 mg, about 5 mg, about 5.5 mg, about 6 mg, about 6.25 mg, about 6.5 mg, about 7 mg, about 7.5 mg, about 8 mg, about 8.5 mg, about 9 mg, about 9.5 mg, about 10 mg, about 12.5 mg, about 15 mg, about 20 mg, about 25 mg, about 30 mg, about 35 mg, about 40 mg, about 45 mg, about 50 mg, about 60 mg, about 70 mg, about 80 mg, about 90 mg, about 100 mg, about 110 mg, about 120 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the neurosteroid can be selected from the group consisting of 25-hydroxycholesterol, 3α, 5α-androstanediol, 3α, 5β-androstanediol, androsterone, etiocholanolone, dihydrotestosterone, 3α-dihydroprogesterone, allopregnanediol, pregnanediol, pregnenolone, anicequol, estratetraenol, caprospinol, dehydroepiandrosterone, and combinations thereof. In some aspects, the neurosteroid can be pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 1 mg to about 100 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 1 mg to about 80 mg, about 1 mg to about 60 mg, about 1 mg to about 50 mg, about 1 mg to about 40 mg, about 1 mg to about 30 mg, about 1 mg to about 25 mg, about 1 mg to about 20 mg, about 1 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 15 mg, about 1 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 10 mg, about mg to about 9 mg, about mg to about 8 mg, about mg to about 7.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 7 mg, about 1 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 6 bog, about 1 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 1 mg to about mg, about 1 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 4 mg, about 1 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 3 mg, about 1 mg to about 2.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 2 mg, or about 1 mg to about 1.5 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 1.5 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 1.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 20 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 15 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 10 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 9 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 8 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 7 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 6 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 4 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 3 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 2.5 mg, or about 1.5 mg to about 2 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 2 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 2 mg to about 30 mg, about 2 mg to about 25 mg, about 2 mg to about 20 mg, about 2 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 15 mg, about 2 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 10 mg, about 2 mg to about 9 mg, about 2 mg to about 8 mg, about 2 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 7 mg, about 2 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 6 mg, about 2 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 5 mg, about 2 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 4 mg, about 2 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 3 mg, or about 2 mg to about 2.5 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 2.5 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 2.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 20 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 15 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 10 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 9 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 8 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 7 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 6 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 4 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 3.5 mg, or about 2.5 mg to about 3 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 3 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 3 mg to about 30 mg, about 3 mg to about 25 mg, about 3 mg to about 20 mg, about 3 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 15 mg, about 3 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 10 mg, about 3 mg to about 9 mg, about 3 mg to about 8 mg, about 3 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 7 mg, about 3 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 6 mg, about 3 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 5 mg, about 3 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 4 mg, or about 3 mg to about 3.5 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 4 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 4 mg to about 30 mg, about 4 mg to about 25 mg, about 4 mg to about 20 mg, about 4 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 15 mg, about 4 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 10 mg, about 4 mg to about 9 mg, about 4 mg to about 8 mg, about 4 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 7 mg, about 4 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 6 mg, about 4 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 5 mg, or about 4 mg to about 4.5 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 4.5 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 4.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 20 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 15 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 10 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 9 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 8 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 7 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 6 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 5.5 mg, or about 4.5 mg to about 5 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 5 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 5 mg to about 30 mg, about 5 mg to about 25 mg, about 5 mg to about 20 mg, about 5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 15 mg, about 5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 10 mg, about 5 mg to about 9 mg, about 5 mg to about 8 mg, about 5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 7 mg, about 5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 6 mg, or about 5 mg to about 5.5 of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 8 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 8 mg to about 30 mg, about 8 mg to about 25 mg, about 8 mg to about 20 mg, about 8 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 8 mg to about 15 mg, about 8 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 8 mg to about 11.5 mg, about 8 mg to about 11 mg, about 8 mg to about 10.5 mg, about 8 mg to about 10 mg, about 8 mg to about 9.5 mg, about 8 mg to about 9 mg, about 9 mg to about 15 mg, about 9 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 9 mg to about 11.5 mg, about 9 mg to about 11 mg, about 9 mg to about 10.5 mg, about 9 mg to about 10 mg, or about 9 mg to about 9.5 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 10 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 10 mg to about 30 mg, about 10 mg to about 25 mg, about 10 mg to about 20 mg, about 10 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 15 mg, about 10 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 11.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 11 mg, or about 10 mg to about 10.5 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 12 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 12 mg to about 30 mg, about 12 mg to about 25 mg, about 12 mg to about 20 mg, about 12 mg to about 17 mg, about 12 mg to about 15 mg, about 12 mg to about 14.5 mg, about 12 mg to about 14 mg, about 12 mg to about 13.5 mg, or about 12 mg to about 13 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 14 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 14 mg to about 30 mg, about 14 mg to about 25 mg, about 14 mg to about 20 mg, about 14 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 14 mg to about 16 mg, about 14 mg to about 15.5 mg, about 14 mg to about 15 mg, or about 14 mg to about 14.5 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 15 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 15 mg to about 30 mg, about 15 mg to about 27.5 mg, about 15 mg to about 25 mg, about 15 mg to about 22.5 mg, about 15 mg to about 20 mg, about 15 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 15 mg to about 16.5 mg, about 15 mg to about 16 mg, or about 15 mg to about 15.5 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 17.5 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 17.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 17.5 mg to about 27.5 mg, about 17.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 17.5 mg to about 22.5 mg, about 17.5 mg to about 20 mg, about 17.5 mg to about 18 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 20 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 20 mg to about 30 mg, about 20 mg to about 29 mg, about 20 mg to about 28 mg, about 20 mg to about 27 mg, about 20 mg to about 26.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 26 mg, about 20 mg to about 25.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 25 mg, about 20 mg to about 24.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 24 mg, about 20 mg to about 23.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 23 mg, about 20 mg to about 22.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 22 mg, about 20 mg to about 21.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 21 mg, or about 20 mg to about 20.5 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 25 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 25 mg to about 35 mg, about 25 mg to about 30 mg, about 25 mg to about 29 mg, about 25 mg to about 28 mg, about 25 mg to about 27 mg, about 25 mg to about 26.5 mg, about 25 mg to about 26 mg, or about 25 mg to about 25.5 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 1 mg, about 1.5 mg, about 2 mg, about 2.5 mg, about 3 mg, about 3.5 mg, about 4 mg, about 4.5 mg, about 5 mg, about 5.5 mg, about 6 mg, about 6.5 mg, about 7 mg, about 7.5 mg, about 8 mg, about 8.5 mg, about 9 mg, about 9.5 mg, about 10 mg, about 12.5 mg, about 15 mg, about 17.5 mg, about 20 mg, about 25 mg, about 30 mg, about 35 mg, about 40 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 1 mg to about 60 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 1 mg to about 50 mg, about 1 mg to about 40 mg, about 1 mg to about 30 mg, about 1 mg to about 25 mg, about 1 mg to about 20 mg, about 1 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 15 mg, about 1 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 10 mg, about 1 mg to about 9 mg, about 1 mg to about 8 mg, about 1 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 7 mg, about 1 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 6 mg, about 1 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 5 mg, about 1 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 4 mg, about 1 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 3 mg, about 1 mg to about 2.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 2 mg, or about 1 mg to about 1.5 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 1.5 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 1.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 20 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 15 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 10 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 9 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 8 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 7 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 6 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 4 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 3 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 2.5 mg, or about 1.5 mg to about 2 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 2 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 2 mg to about 30 mg, about 2 mg to about 25 mg, about 2 mg to about 20 mg, about 2 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 15 mg, about 2 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 10 mg, about 2 mg to about 9 mg, about 2 mg to about 8 mg, about 2 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 7 mg, about 2 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 6 mg, about 2 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 5 mg, about 2 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 4 mg, about 2 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 3 mg, or about 2 mg to about 2.5 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 2.5 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 2.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 20 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 15 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 10 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 9 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 8 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 7 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 6 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 4 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 3.5 mg, or about 2.5 mg to about 3 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 3 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 3 mg to about 30 mg, about 3 mg to about 25 mg, about 3 mg to about 20 mg, about 3 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 15 mg, about 3 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 10 mg, about 3 mg to about 9 mg, about 3 mg to about 8 mg, about 3 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 7 mg, about 3 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 6 mg, about 3 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 5 mg, about 3 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 4 mg, or about 3 mg to about 3.5 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 4 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 4 mg to about 30 mg, about 4 mg to about 25 mg, about 4 mg to about 20 mg, about 4 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 15 mg, about 4 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 10 mg, about 4 mg to about 9 mg, about 4 mg to about 8 mg, about 4 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 7 mg, about 4 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 6 mg, about 4 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 5 mg, or about 4 mg to about 4.5 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 4.5 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 4.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 20 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 15 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 10 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 9 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 8 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 7 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 6 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 5.5 mg, or about 4.5 mg to about 5 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 5 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 5 mg to about 30 mg, about 5 mg to about 25 mg, about 5 mg to about 20 mg, about 5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 15 mg, about 5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 10 mg, about 5 mg to about 9 mg, about 5 mg to about 8 mg, about 5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 7 mg, about 5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 6 mg, or about 5 mg to about 5.5 of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 8 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 8 mg to about 30 mg, about 8 mg to about 25 mg, about 8 mg to about 20 mg, about 8 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 8 mg to about 15 mg, about 8 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 8 mg to about 11.5 mg, about 8 mg to about 11 mg, about 8 mg to about 10.5 mg, about 8 mg to about 10 mg, about 8 mg to about 9.5 mg, about 8 mg to about 9 mg, about 9 mg to about 15 mg, about 9 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 9 mg to about 11.5 mg, about 9 mg to about 11 mg, about 9 mg to about 10.5 mg, about 9 mg to about 10 mg, or about 9 mg to about 9.5 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 10 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 10 mg to about 30 mg, about 10 mg to about 25 mg, about 10 mg to about 20 mg, about 10 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 15 mg, about 10 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 11.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 11 mg, or about 10 mg to about 10.5 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 12 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 12 mg to about 30 mg, about 12 mg to about 25 mg, about 12 mg to about 20 mg, about 12 mg to about 17 mg, about 12 mg to about 15 mg, about 12 mg to about 14.5 mg, about 12 mg to about 14 mg, about 12 mg to about 13.5 mg, or about 12 mg to about 13 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 14 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 14 mg to about 30 mg, about 14 mg to about 25 mg, about 14 mg to about 20 mg, about 14 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 14 mg to about 16 mg, about 14 mg to about 15.5 mg, about 14 mg to about 15 mg, or about 14 mg to about 14.5 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 15 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 15 mg to about 30 mg, about 15 mg to about 27.5 mg, about 15 mg to about 25 mg, about 15 mg to about 22.5 mg, about 15 mg to about 20 mg, about 15 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 15 mg to about 16.5 mg, about 15 mg to about 16 mg, or about 15 mg to about 15.5 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 17.5 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 17.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 17.5 mg to about 27.5 mg, about 17.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 17.5 mg to about 22.5 mg, about 17.5 mg to about 20 mg, about 17.5 mg to about 18 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 20 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 20 mg to about 30 mg, about 20 mg to about 29 mg, about 20 mg to about 28 mg, about 20 mg to about 27 mg, about 20 mg to about 26.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 26 mg, about 20 mg to about 25.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 25 mg, about 20 mg to about 24.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 24 mg, about 20 mg to about 23.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 23 mg, about 20 mg to about 22.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 22 mg, about 20 mg to about 21.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 21 mg, or about 20 mg to about 20.5 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 25 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 25 mg to about 35 mg, about 25 mg to about 30 mg, about 25 mg to about 29 mg, about 25 mg to about 28 mg, about 25 mg to about 27 mg, about 25 mg to about 26.5 mg, about 25 mg to about 26 mg, or about 25 mg to about 25.5 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 1 mg, about 1.5 mg, about 2 mg, about 2.5 mg, about 3 mg, about 3.5 mg, about 4 mg, about 4.5 mg, about 5 mg, about 5.5 mg, about 6 mg, about 6.5 mg, about 7 mg, about 7.5 mg, about 8 mg, about 8.5 mg, about 9 mg, about 9.5 mg, about 10 mg, about 12.5 mg, about 15 mg, about 17.5 mg, about 20 mg, about 25 mg, about 30 mg, about 35 mg, about 40 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 1.5 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 2 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of the neurosteroid; about 3 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 2.5 mg of the neurosteroid; about 3 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of the neurosteroid; about 4 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of the neurosteroid; about 6.25 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of the neurosteroid; about 12.5 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 10 mg of the neurosteroid; about 25 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 20 mg of the neurosteroid; or about 50 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 40 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 1.5 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 2 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of pregnenolone; about 3.125 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 2.5 mg of pregnenolone; about 3.125 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of pregnenolone; about 4 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of pregnenolone; about 6.25 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of pregnenolone; about 12.5 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 10 mg of pregnenolone; about 25 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 20 mg of pregnenolone; or about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 40 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the pharmaceutical composition can comprise a filler. In some aspects, the filler can be selected from the group consisting of cellulose and cellulose derivatives, microcrystalline cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, lactose, calcium carbonate, calcium bicarbonate, calcium phosphate, dibasic calcium phosphate, calcium sulfate, calcium silicate, cellulose powders, dextrose, dextrates, dextrans, starches, pregelatinized starches, sucrose, xylitol, lactitol, sorbitol, sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride, polyethylene glycol, and combinations thereof. In some aspects, the filler can be cellulose.

In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 10% to about 90% by weight of the composition. In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 10% to about 80%, about 10% to about 70%, about 10% to about 60%, about 10% to about 50%, about 10% to about 40%, about 10% to about 30%, or about 10% to about 20% by weight of the composition.

In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 20% to about 90% by weight of the composition. In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 20% to about 80%, about 20% to about 70%, about 20% to about 60%, about 20% to about 50%, about 20% to about 40%, or about 20% to about 30% by weight of the composition.

In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 30% to about 90% by weight of the composition. In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 30% to about 80%, about 30% to about 70%, about 30% to about 60%, about 30% to about 50%, or about 30% to about 40% by weight of the composition.

In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 40% to about 90% by weight of the composition. In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 40% to about 80%, about 40% to about 70%, about 40% to about 60%, or about 40% to about 50% by weight of the composition.

In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 50% to about 90% by weight of the composition. In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 50% to about 80%, about 50% to about 70%, or about 50% to about 60% by weight of the composition.

In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 60% to about 90% by weight of the composition. In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 60% to about 80%, or about 60% to about 70% by weight of the composition.

In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 70% to about 90% by weight of the composition. In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 70% to about 80% by weight of the composition. In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 80% to about 90% by weight of the composition.

In some aspects, the pharmaceutical composition can further comprise a sweetener. In some aspects, the sweetener can be a non-nutritive sweetener. In some aspects, the non-nutritive sweetener can be selected from the group consisting of acesulfame-K, aspartame, advantame, cyclamate, neotame, alitame, saccharin, sucralose, steviol glycosides (including, but not limited to, stevioside, steviolbioside, rebaudioside A, rebaudioside B, rebaudioside C, rebaudioside D, rebaudioside E, rebaudioside H, rebaudioside I, rebaudioside N, rebaudioside K, rebaudioside J, rebaudioside O, rebaudioside M, dulcoside A, rubusoside, iso-steviol glycosides such as iso-rebaudioside A, and mixtures thereof), Lo Han Guo powder, neohesperidin dihydrochalcone, trilobatin, glycyrrhizin, phyllodulcin, hernandulcin, osladin, polypodoside A, baiyunoside, pterocaryoside, thaumatin, monellin, monatin, and mabinlins I and II, and combinations thereof. In some aspects, the non-nutritive sweetener can be a mixture of steviol glycosides.

In some aspects, the non-nutritive sweetener can be present in amounts of about 0.01% to about 80% by weight of the composition. In some aspects, the non-nutritive sweetener can be present in amounts of about 0.01% to about 70%, about 0.01% to about 60%, about 0.01% to about 50%, about 0.01% to about 40%, about 0.01% to about 30%, about 0.01% to about 20%, about 0.01% to about 10%, about 0.01% to about 1%, or about 0.01% to about 0.1% by weight of the composition.

In some aspects, the non-nutritive sweetener can be present in amounts of about 0.1% to about 80% by weight of the composition. In some aspects, the non-nutritive sweetener can be present in amounts of about 0.1% to about 70%, about 0.1% to about 60%, about 0.1% to about 50%, about 0.1% to about 40%, about 0.1% to about 30%, about 0.1% to about 20%, about 0.1% to about 10%, or about 0.1% to about 1% by weight of the composition.

In some aspects, the non-nutritive sweetener can be present in amounts of about 1% to about 80% by weight of the composition. In some aspects, the non-nutritive sweetener can be present in amounts of about 1% to about 70%, about 1% to about 60%, about 1% to about 50%, about 1% to about 40%, about 1% to about 30%, about 1% to about 20%, about 1% to about 10%, or about 1% to about 5% by weight of the composition.

In some aspects, the non-nutritive sweetener can be present in amounts of about 5% to about 80% by weight of the composition. In some aspects, the non-nutritive sweetener can be present in amounts of about 5% to about 70%, about 5% to about 60%, about 5% to about 50%, about 5% to about 40%, about 5% to about 30%, about 5% to about 20%, about 5% to about 15%, or about 5% to about 10% by weight of the composition.

In some aspects, the non-nutritive sweetener can be present in amounts of about 10% to about 80% by weight of the composition. In some aspects, the non-nutritive sweetener can be present in amounts of about 10% to about 70%, about 10% to about 60%, about 10% to about 50%, about 10% to about 40%, about 10% to about 30%, about 10% to about 20%, or about 10% to about 15% by weight of the composition.

In some aspects, the non-nutritive sweetener can be present in amounts of about 20% to about 80% by weight of the composition. In some aspects, the non-nutritive sweetener can be present in amounts of about 20% to about 70%, about 20% to about 60%, about 20% to about 50%, about 20% to about 40%, or about 20% to about 30% by weight of the composition.

In some aspects, the non-nutritive sweetener can be present in amounts of about 40% to about 80% by weight of the composition. In some aspects, the non-nutritive sweetener can be present in amounts of about 40% to about 70%, about 40% to about 60%, or about 40% to about 50% by weight of the composition.

In some aspects, the non-nutritive sweetener can be present in amounts of about 60% to about 80% by weight of the composition. In some aspects, the non-nutritive sweetener can be present in amounts of about 60% to about 70% by weight of the composition.

In some aspects, the pharmaceutical composition can further comprise a flavoring agent. In some aspects, the flavoring agent can be selected from the group consisting of lemon flavor, grape flavor, lime flavor, orange flavor, mango flavor, passion fruit flavor, raspberry flavor, blueberry flavor, pineapple flavor, mint flavor, peppermint flavor, and combinations thereof. In some aspects, the flavoring agent can be an orange flavor. In some aspects, the flavoring agent can be a mint or peppermint flavor.

In some aspects, the flavoring agent can be present in amounts of about 0.1% to about 25% by weight of the composition. In some aspects, the flavoring agent can be present in amounts of about 0.1% to about 20%, about 0.1% to about 15%, about 0.1% to about 10%, about 0.1% to about 5%, or about 0.1% to about 1% by weight of the composition.

In some aspects, the flavoring agent can be present in amounts of about 1% to about 25% by weight of the composition. In some aspects, the flavoring agent can be present in amounts of about 1% to about 20%, about 1% to about 15%, about 1% to about 10%, or about 1% to about 5% by weight of the composition.

In some aspects, the flavoring agent can be present in amounts of about 5% to about 25% by weight of the composition. In some aspects, the flavoring agent can be present in amounts of about 5% to about 20%, about 5% to about 15%, or about 5% to about 10% by weight of the composition.

In some aspects, the flavoring agent can be present in amounts of about 10% to about 25% by weight of the composition. In some aspects, the flavoring agent can be present in amounts of about 10% to about 20%, or about 10% to about 15% by weight of the composition.

In some aspects, the flavoring agent can be present in amounts of about 15% to about 25% by weight of the composition. In some aspects, the flavoring agent can be present in amounts of about 15% to about 20% by weight of the composition. In some aspects, the flavoring agent can be present in amounts of about 20% to about 25% by weight of the composition.

In some aspects, the pharmaceutical composition can further comprise a lubricant. In some aspects, the lubricant can be selected from the group consisting of stearic acid, calcium hydroxide, talc, corn starch, sodium stearyl fumerate, stearic acid, sodium oleate, sodium stearate, sodium benzoate, sodium acetate, sodium chloride, magnesium stearate, zinc stearate, waxes, and combinations thereof. In some aspects, the lubricant can be magnesium stearate.

In some aspects, the lubricant can be present in amounts of about 0.010% to about 10% by weight of the composition. In some aspects, the lubricant can be present in amounts of about 0.01% to about 9%, about 0.01% to about 8%, about 0.01% to about 7%, about 0.01% to about 6%, about 0.01% to about 5%, about 0.01% to about 4%, about 0.01% to about 3%, about 0.01% to about 2%, about 0.01% to about 1%, about 0.01% to about 0.9%, about 0.01% to about 0.8%, about 0.01% to about 0.7%, about 0.01% to about 0.6%, about 0.01% to about 0.5%, about 0.01% to about 0.4%, about 0.01% to about 0.3%, about 0.01% to about 0.2%, or about 0.01% to about 0.1% by weight of the composition.

In some aspects, the lubricant can be present in amounts of about 0.10% to about 10% by weight of the composition. In some aspects, the lubricant can be present in amounts of about 0.1% to about 9%, about 0.1% to about 8%, about 0.1% to about 7%, about 0.1% to about 6%, about 0.1% to about 5%, about 0.1% to about 4%, about 0.1% to about 3%, about 0.1% to about 2%, about 0.1% to about 1%, about 0.1% to about 0.9%, about 0.1% to about 0.8%, about 0.1% to about 0.7%, about 0.1% to about 0.6%, about 0.1% to about 0.5%, about 0.1% to about 0.4%, about 0.1% to about 0.3%, about 0.1% to about 0.2% by weight of the composition.

In some aspects, the lubricant can be present in amounts of about 0.5% to about 10% by weight of the composition. In some aspects, the lubricant can be present in amounts of about 0.5% to about 9%, about 0.5% to about 8%, about 0.5% to about 7%, about 0.5% to about 6%, about 0.5% to about 5%, about 0.5% to about 4%, about 0.5% to about 3%, about 0.5% to about 2%, about 0.5% to about 1%, about 0.5% to about 0.9%, about 0.5% to about 0.8%, about 0.5% to about 0.7%, or about 0.5% to about 0.6% by weight of the composition.

In some aspects, the lubricant can be present in amounts of about 1% to about 10% by weight of the composition. In some aspects, the lubricant can be present in amounts of about 1% to about 9%, about 1% to about 8%, about 1% to about 7%, about 1% to about 6%, about 1% to about 5%, about 1% to about 4%, about 1% to about 3%, about 1% to about 2%, or about 1% to about 2% by weight of the composition.

In some aspects, the lubricant can be present in amounts of about 5% to about 10%, about 5% to about 9%, about 5% to about 8%, about 5% to about 7%, or about 5% to about 6% by weight of the composition.

In some aspects, the pharmaceutical composition can be in the form of a sublingual tablet. In some aspects, the pharmaceutical composition can be in the form of a buccal tablet.

In some aspects, the pharmaceutical composition can further comprise a 5α-reductase inhibitor, a compound that can inhibit the action of 5α-reductase, the enzyme that converts testosterone into dihydrotestosterone. In some aspects, the 5α-reductase inhibitor can be selected from the group consisting of flutamide, nilutamide, enzalutamide, bicalutamide, abiraterone, abiraterone acetate, orteronel, finasteride, dutasteride, bexlosteride, izonsteride, turosteride, episteride, dexamethasone, prednisone, leuprolide, goserelin, triptorelin, histrelin, estrogen, and combinations thereof. In some aspects, the 5α-reductase inhibitor can be dutasteride. In some aspects, the 5α-reductase inhibitor can be finasteride.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 0.1 mg to about 1,000 mg of the 5α-reductase inhibitor. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 0.1 mg to about 500 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 100 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 50 mg, or about 0.1 mg to about 10 mg of the 5α-reductase inhibitor. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 0.1 mg to about 5 mg or about 0.1 mg to about 2.5 mg of the 5α-reductase inhibitor. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 0.1 mg to about 2 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 1.5 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 1 mg, about 0.2 mg to about 1 mg, about 0.3 mg to about 1 mg, about 0.4 mg to about 1 mg, or about 0.5 mg to about 1 mg of the 5α-reductase inhibitor.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 0.1 mg to about 1 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 0.9 mg, about 0.2 mg to about 0.8 mg, about 0.3 mg to about 0.7 mg, about 0.4 mg to about 0.6 mg, or about 0.5 mg of the 5α-reductase inhibitor. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 0.5 mg to about 1.5 mg, about 0.6 mg to about 1.4 mg, about 0.7 mg to about 1.3 mg, about 0.8 mg to about 1.2 mg, about 0.9 mg to about 1.1 mg, or about 1 mg of the 5α-reductase inhibitor. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 0.01 mg, about 0.1 mg, about 0.2 mg, about 0.3 mg, about 0.4 mg, about 0.5 mg, about 0.6 mg, about 0.7 mg, about 0.8 mg, about 0.9 mg, about 1 mg, about 1.5 mg, about 2 mg, or about 2.5 mg of the 5α-reductase inhibitor.

In some aspects, the 5α-reductase inhibitor can be dutasteride and the composition can comprise about 0.1 mg to about 5 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 4 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 3 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 2.5 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 2 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 1.5 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 1 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 0.9 mg, about 0.2 mg to about 0.8 mg, about 0.3 mg to about 0.7 mg, about 0.4 mg to about 0.6 mg, or about 0.5 mg of dutasteride. In some aspects, the 5α-reductase inhibitor can be finasteride and the composition can comprise about 0.5 mg to about 5 mg, about 0.5 mg to about 4 mg, about 0.5 mg to about 3 mg, about 0.5 mg to about 2.5 mg, about 0.5 mg to about 2 mg, about, about 0.5 mg to about 1.5 mg, about 0.6 mg to about 1.4 mg, about 0.7 mg to about 1.3 mg, about 0.8 mg to about 1.2 mg, about 0.9 mg to about 1.1 mg, or about 1 mg of finasteride.

In some aspects, the pharmaceutical composition can further comprise an aromatase inhibitor, a compound that inhibits the action of aromatase, the enzyme that converts androgens into estrogens by aromatization. In some aspects, the aromatase inhibitor can be selected from the group consisting of atamestane, exemestane, and formestane, and non-steroids, such as aminoglutethimide, roglethimide, pyridoglutethimide, trilostane, testolactone, vorozole, fadrozole, anastrozole, letrozole, and combinations thereof. In some aspects, the aromatase inhibitor can be anastrozole. In some aspects, the aromatase inhibitor can be exemestane.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 0.1 mg to about 50 mg of the aromatase inhibitor. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 0.1 mg to about 40 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 30 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 25 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 20 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 15 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 10 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 5 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 2.5 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 1 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 0.9 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 0.8 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 0.7 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 0.6 mg, or about 0.1 mg to about 0.5 mg of the aromatase inhibitor.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 0.1 mg to about 0.5 mg, 0.1 mg to about 0.4 mg, about 0.1 to about 0.3 mg, about 0.2 mg to about 0.4 mg, about 0.2 mg to about 0.3 mg, or about 0.25 mg of the aromatase inhibitor. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 0.2 mg to about 0.8 mg, 0.2 mg to about 0.6 mg, about 0.2 mg to about 0.5 mg, about 0.3 mg to about 0.7 mg, or about 0.4 mg to about 0.6 mg, or about 0.5 mg of the aromatase inhibitor. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 0.25 mg to about 0.5 mg of the aromatase inhibitor.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 5 mg to about 30 mg, about 10 mg to about 30 mg, about 10 mg to about 25 mg, about 10 mg to about 20 mg, about 10 mg to about 15 mg, about 15 mg to about 30 mg, about 20 mg to about 30 mg of the aromatase inhibitor. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 10 mg to about 15 mg, about 11 mg to about 14 mg, about 12 to about 13 mg, or about 12.5 mg of the aromatase inhibitor. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 20 mg to about 30 mg, about 21 mg to about 29 mg, about 22 mg to about 28 mg, about 23 mg to about 27 mg, about 24 mg to about 26 mg, or about 25 mg of the aromatase inhibitor.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 0.1 mg, about 0.25 mg, about 0.5 mg, about 0.6 mg, about 0.7 mg, about 0.8 mg, about 0.9 mg, about 1 mg, about 1.5 mg, about 2 mg, about 2.5 mg, about 5 mg, about 7.5 mg, about 10 mg, about 12.5 mg, about 15 mg, about 20 mg, about 25 mg, about 30 mg of the aromatase inhibitor.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 0.1 mg to about 1 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 0.5 mg, 0.1 mg to about 0.4 mg, about 0.1 to about 0.3 mg, about 0.2 mg to about 0.4 mg, about 0.2 mg to about 0.3 mg, or about 0.25 mg of anastrozole. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 0.2 mg to about 0.8 mg, 0.2 mg to about 0.6 mg, about 0.2 mg to about 0.5 mg, about 0.3 mg to about 0.7 mg, or about 0.4 mg to about 0.6 mg, or about 0.5 mg of anastrozole. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 0.25 mg to about 0.5 mg of anastrozole.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 5 mg to about 30 mg, about 10 mg to about 30 mg, about 10 mg to about 25 mg, about 10 mg to about 20 mg, about 10 mg to about 15 mg, about 15 mg to about 30 mg, about 20 mg to about 30 mg of exemestane. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 10 mg to about 15 mg, about 11 mg to about 14 mg, about 12 to about 13 mg, or about 12.5 mg of exemestane. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 20 mg to about 30 mg, about 21 mg to about 29 mg, about 22 mg to about 28 mg, about 23 mg to about 27 mg, about 24 mg to about 26 mg, or about 25 mg of exemestane.

In some aspects, the pharmaceutical composition can further comprise ketoconazole.

In some aspects, a pharmaceutical composition can comprise about 1 mg to about 50 mg of a selective estrogen receptor modulator and about 100 mg to about 800 mg of testosterone, wherein the composition is suitable for oral administration, sublingual administration, or a combination thereof.

In some aspects, the selective estrogen receptor modulator can be selected from the group consisting of clomiphene, enclomiphene, tamoxifen, toremifene, acolbifene, lasoxifene, bazedoxifene, droloxifene, raloxifene, metabolites thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof. In some aspects, the selective estrogen receptor modulator can be enclomiphene or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of enclomiphene can be enclomiphene citrate.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 3 mg, about 3.125 mg, about 6.25 mg, about 12.5 mg, about 25 mg, or about 50 mg of the selective estrogen receptor modulator.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 200 mg, about 400 mg, about 600 mg, or about 800 mg of testosterone.

In some aspects, the composition can further comprise a neurosteroid. In some aspects, the neurosteroid can be selected from the group consisting of 25-hydroxycholesterol, 3α, 5α-androstanediol, 3α, 5β-androstanediol, androsterone, etiocholanolone, dihydrotestosterone, 3α-dihydroprogesterone, allopregnanediol, pregnanediol, pregnenolone, anicequol, estratetraenol, caprospinol, dehydroepiandrosterone, and combinations thereof. In some aspects, the neurosteroid can be pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the composition can further comprise about 5 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 5 mg, about 10 mg, about 20 mg, or about 40 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the composition can further comprise a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. In some aspects, the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient can comprise at least one of the excipients disclosed above in the amounts and ranges also disclosed above.

Pharmaceutical Combinations

The present disclosure is also directed to a pharmaceutical combination comprising a first composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), and a second composition comprising testosterone in a form suitable for oral administration. In some aspects, the first composition and the second composition can be administered simultaneously, concurrently, or sequentially.

In some aspects, the first composition comprising the therapeutically effective amount of the SERM can be in a form suitable for oral administration. In some aspects, the first composition can be an oral tablet or capsule. In some aspects, the first composition can be in a form suitable for sublingual administration. In some aspects, the first composition can be a sublingual tablet.

In some aspects, the second composition can be in the form of an oral tablet or capsule. In some aspects, the oral tablet or capsule can comprise a lipid bilayer. In some aspects, the oral tablet or capsule can be suitable for lymphatic absorption. In certain aspects, the first and second compositions are not in a troche dosage form. In some aspects, the second composition can be in oral form, buccal form, topical cream form, topical gel form, intranasal form, or transdermal patch form.

In some aspects, the first composition can be the pharmaceutical composition, described above, comprising therapeutically effective amounts of the SERM and the steroid hormone. In some aspects, the steroid hormone is selected from the group consisting of a neurosteroid, DHEA, estrogen, DHT, and combinations thereof. In some aspects, the steroid hormone is a neurosteroid.

In other aspects, the combination can comprise a first composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), a second composition comprising testosterone in a form suitable for oral administration, and a third composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of the neurosteroid. In some aspects of this combination, the third composition comprising the therapeutically effective amount of the neurosteroid can be in a form suitable for sublingual administration. In some aspects, the third composition comprising the therapeutically effective amount of the neurosteroid in a form suitable for sublingual administration can be a tablet. In some aspects, the third composition can comprise the neurosteroid in the amounts described above related to the pharmaceutical composition. In some aspects, the neurosteroid can be pregnenolone. In some aspects, the third composition can comprise pregnenolone in the amounts described above related to the pharmaceutical composition. In certain aspects of the combination comprising the three compositions, the first, second, and third compositions, can be administered simultaneously, concurrently, or sequentially.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 1 mg to about 80 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 1 mg to about 70 mg, about 1 mg to about 60 mg, about 1 mg to about 50 mg, about 1 mg to about 40 mg, about 1 mg to about 30 mg, about 1 mg to about 25 mg, about 1 mg to about 20 mg, about 1 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 15 mg, about 1 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 10 mg, about 1 mg to about 9 mg, about 1 mg to about 8 mg, about 1 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 7 mg, about 1 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 6 mg, about 1 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 5 mg, about 1 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 4 mg, about 1 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 3 mg, about 1 mg to about 2.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 2 mg, or about 1 mg to about 1.5 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 1.5 mg to about 50 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 1.5 mg to about 40 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 20 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 15 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 10 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 9 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 8 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 7 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 6 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 4 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 3 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 2.5 mg, or about 1.5 mg to about 2 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 2 mg to about 50 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 2 mg to about 40 mg, about 2 mg to about 30 mg, about 2 mg to about 25 mg, about 2 mg to about 20 mg, about 2 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 15 mg, about 2 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 10 mg, about 2 mg to about 9 mg, about 2 mg to about 8 mg, about 2 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 7 mg, about 2 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 6 mg, about 2 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 5 mg, about 2 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 4 mg, about 2 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 3 mg, or about 2 mg to about 2.5 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 2.5 mg to about 50 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 2.5 mg to about 40 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 20 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 15 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 10 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 9 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 8 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 7 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 6 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 4 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 3.5 mg, or about 2.5 mg to about 3 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 3 mg to about 50 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 3 mg to about 40 mg, about 3 mg to about 30 mg, about 3 mg to about 25 mg, about 3 mg to about 20 mg, about 3 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 15 mg, about 3 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 10 mg, about 3 mg to about 9 mg, about 3 mg to about 8 mg, about 3 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 7 mg, about 3 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 6 mg, about 3 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 5 mg, about 3 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 4 mg, or about 3 mg to about 3.5 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 4 mg to about 50 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 4 mg to about 40 mg, about 4 mg to about 30 mg, about 4 mg to about 25 mg, about 4 mg to about 20 mg, about 4 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 15 mg, about 4 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 10 mg, about 4 mg to about 9 mg, about 4 mg to about 8 mg, about 4 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 7 mg, about 4 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 6 mg, about 4 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 5 mg, or about 4 mg to about 4.5 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 5 mg to about 50 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 5 mg to about 40 mg, about 5 mg to about 30 mg, about 5 mg to about 25 mg, about 5 mg to about 20 mg, about 5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 15 mg, about 5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 10 mg, about 5 mg to about 9 mg, about 5 mg to about 8 mg, about 5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 7 mg, about 5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 6 mg, about 5 mg to about 5.5, about 5.5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 5.5 mg to about 7 mg, about 5.5 to about 6.5 mg, about 5.5 to about 6 mg, about 6 mg to about 8 mg, about 6 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 6 mg to about 7 mg, or about 6 mg to about 6.5 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 8 mg to about 50 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 8 mg to about 40 mg, about 8 mg to about 30 mg, about 8 mg to about 25 mg, about 8 mg to about 20 mg, about 8 mg to about 15 mg, about 8 mg to about 14 mg, about 8 mg to about 13 mg, about 8 mg to about 12 mg, about 8 mg to about 11 mg, about 8 mg to about 10 mg, about 8 mg to about 9 mg, about 9 mg to about 15 mg, about 9 mg to about 14 mg, about 9 mg to about 13 mg, about 9 mg, to about 12 mg, about 9 mg to about 11 mg, or about 9 mg to about 10 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 10 mg to about 50 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 10 mg to about 40 mg, about 10 mg to about 30 mg, about 10 mg to about 27.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 25 mg, about 10 mg to about 22.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 20 mg, about 10 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 15 mg, about 11 mg to about 14 mg, or about 12 mg to about 13 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 20 mg to about 50 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 20 mg to about 40 mg, about 20 mg to about 30 mg, about 20 mg to about 29 mg, about 20 mg to about 28 mg, about 20 mg to about 27 mg, about 20 mg to about 26.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 26 mg, about 20 mg to about 25.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 25 mg, about 20 mg to about 24.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 24 mg, about 20 mg to about 23.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 23 mg, about 20 mg to about 22.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 22 mg, about 20 mg to about 21.5 mg, or about 20 mg to about 21 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 22.5 mg to about 50 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 22.5 mg to about 45 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 40 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 35 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 29 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 28 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 27.5 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 27 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 26.5 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 26 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 25.5 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 24.5 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 24 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 23.5 mg, about 22.5 to about 23 mg, 23 mg about 27.5 mg, about 23 mg to about 27 mg, about 23 mg to about 26.5 mg, about 23 mg to about 26 mg, about 23 mg to about 25.5 mg, about 23 mg to about 25 mg, about 23 mg to about 23 mg, about 23 mg to about 24 mg, about 23 mg to about 23.5 mg, about 24 mg to about 27.5 mg, about 24 mg to about 27 mg, about 24 mg to about 26.5 mg, about 24 mg to about 26 mg, about 24 mg to about 25.5 mg, about 24 mg to about 25 mg, or about 24 mg to about 24.5 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 1 mg, about 1.5 mg, about 2 mg, about 2.5 mg, about 3 mg, about 3.125 mg, about 3.5 mg, about 4 mg, about 4.5 mg, about 5 mg, about 5.5 mg, about 6 mg, about 6.25 mg, about 6.5 mg, about 7 mg, about 7.5 mg, about 8 mg, about 8.5 mg, about 9 mg, about 9.5 mg, about 10 mg, about 12.5 mg, about 15 mg, about 20 mg, about 25 mg, about 30 mg, about 35 mg, about 40 mg, about 45 mg, about 50 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 1 mg to about 80 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 1 mg to about 70 mg, about 1 mg to about 60 mg, about 1 mg to about 50 mg, about 1 mg to about 40 mg, about 1 mg to about 30 mg, about 1 mg to about 25 mg, about 1 mg to about 20 mg, about 1 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 15 mg, about 1 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 10 mg, about 1 mg to about 9 mg, about 1 mg to about 8 mg, about 1 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 7 mg, about 1 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 6 mg, about 1 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 5 mg, about 1 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 4 mg, about 1 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 3 mg, about 1 mg to about 2.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 2 mg, or about 1 mg to about 1.5 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 1.5 mg to about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 1.5 mg to about 40 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 20 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 15 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 10 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 9 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 8 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 7 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 6 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 4 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 3 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 2.5 mg, or about 1.5 mg to about 2 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 2 mg to about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 2 mg to about 40 mg, about 2 mg to about 30 mg, about 2 mg to about 25 mg, about 2 mg to about 20 mg, about 2 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 15 mg, about 2 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 10 mg, about 2 mg to about 9 mg, about 2 mg to about 8 mg, about 2 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 7 mg, about 2 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 6 mg, about 2 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 5 mg, about 2 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 4 mg, about 2 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 3 mg, or about 2 mg to about 2.5 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 2.5 mg to about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 2.5 mg to about 40 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 20 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 15 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 10 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 9 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 8 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 7 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 6 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 4 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 3.5 mg, or about 2.5 mg to about 3 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 3 mg to about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 3 mg to about 40 mg, about 3 mg to about 30 mg, about 3 mg to about 25 mg, about 3 mg to about 20 mg, about 3 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 15 mg, about 3 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 10 mg, about 3 mg to about 9 mg, about 3 mg to about 8 mg, about 3 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 7 mg, about 3 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 6 mg, about 3 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 5 mg, about 3 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 4 mg, or about 3 mg to about 3.5 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 4 mg to about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 4 mg to about 40 mg, about 4 mg to about 30 mg, about 4 mg to about 25 mg, about 4 mg to about 20 mg, about 4 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 15 mg, about 4 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 10 mg, about 4 mg to about 9 mg, about 4 mg to about 8 mg, about 4 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 7 mg, about 4 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 6 mg, about 4 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 5 mg, or about 4 mg to about 4.5 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 5 mg to about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 5 mg to about 40 mg, about 5 mg to about 30 mg, about 5 mg to about 25 mg, about 5 mg to about 20 mg, about 5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 15 mg, about 5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 10 mg, about 5 mg to about 9 mg, about 5 mg to about 8 mg, about 5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 7 mg, about 5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 6 mg, about 5 mg to about 5.5, about 5.5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 5.5 mg to about 7 mg, about 5.5 to about 6.5 mg, about 5.5 to about 6 mg, about 6 mg to about 8 mg, about 6 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 6 mg to about 7 mg, or about 6 mg to about 6.5 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 8 mg to about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 8 mg to about 40 mg, about 8 mg to about 30 mg, about 8 mg to about 25 mg, about 8 mg to about 20 mg, about 8 mg to about 15 mg, about 8 mg to about 14 mg, about 8 mg to about 13 mg, about 8 mg to about 12 mg, about 8 mg to about 11 mg, about 8 mg to about 10 mg, about 8 mg to about 9 mg, about 9 mg to about 15 mg, about 9 mg to about 14 mg, about 9 mg to about 13 mg, about 9 mg, to about 12 mg, about 9 mg to about 11 mg, or about 9 mg to about 10 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 10 mg to about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 10 mg to about 40 mg, about 10 mg to about 30 mg, about 10 mg to about 27.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 25 mg, about 10 mg to about 22.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 20 mg, about 10 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 15 mg, about 11 mg to about 14 mg, or about 12 mg to about 13 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 20 mg to about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 20 mg to about 40 mg, about 20 mg to about 30 mg, about 20 mg to about 29 mg, about 20 mg to about 28 mg, about 20 mg to about 27 mg, about 20 mg to about 26.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 26 mg, about 20 mg to about 25.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 25 mg, about 20 mg to about 24.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 24 mg, about 20 mg to about 23.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 23 mg, about 20 mg to about 22.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 22 mg, about 20 mg to about 21.5 mg, or about 20 mg to about 21 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 22.5 mg to about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 22.5 mg to about 45 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 40 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 35 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 29 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 28 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 27.5 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 27 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 26.5 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 26 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 25.5 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 24.5 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 24 mg, about 22.5 mg to about 23.5 mg, about 22.5 to about 23 mg, 23 mg about 27.5 mg, about 23 mg to about 27 mg, about 23 mg to about 26.5 mg, about 23 mg to about 26 mg, about 23 mg to about 25.5 mg, about 23 mg to about 25 mg, about 23 mg to about 23 mg, about 23 mg to about 24 mg, about 23 mg to about 23.5 mg, about 24 mg to about 27.5 mg, about 24 mg to about 27 mg, about 24 mg to about 26.5 mg, about 24 mg to about 26 mg, about 24 mg to about 25.5 mg, about 24 mg to about 25 mg, or about 24 mg to about 24.5 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 1 mg, about 1.5 mg, about 2 mg, about 2.5 mg, about 3 mg, about 3.125 mg, about 3.5 mg, about 4 mg, about 4.5 mg, about 5 mg, about 5.5 mg, about 6 mg, about 6.25 mg, about 6.5 mg, about 7 mg, about 7.5 mg, about 8 mg, about 8.5 mg, about 9 mg, about 9.5 mg, about 10 mg, about 12.5 mg, about 15 mg, about 20 mg, about 25 mg, about 30 mg, about 35 mg, about 40 mg, about 45 mg, about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 1 mg to about 120 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 1 mg to about 110 mg, about 1 mg to about 100 mg, about 1 mg to about 90 mg, about 1 mg to about 80 mg, about 1 mg to about 70 mg, about 1 mg to about 60 mg, about 1 mg to about 50 mg, about 1 mg to about 40 mg, about 1 mg to about 30 mg, about 1 mg to about 25 mg, about 1 mg to about 20 mg, about 1 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 15 mg, about 1 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 10 mg, about 1 mg to about 9 mg, about 1 mg to about 8 mg, about 1 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 7 mg, about 1 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 6 mg, about 1 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 5 mg, about 1 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 4 mg, about 1 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 3 mg, about 1 mg to about 2.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 2 mg, or about 1 mg to about 1.5 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 2 mg to about 120 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 2 mg to about 110 mg, about 2 mg to about 100 mg, about 2 mg to about 90 mg, about 2 mg to about 80 mg, about 2 mg to about 70 mg, about 2 mg to about 60 mg, about 2 mg to about 50 mg, about 2 mg to about 40 mg, about 2 mg to about 30 mg, about 2 mg to about 25 mg, about 2 mg to about 20 mg, about 2 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 15 mg, about 2 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 10 mg, about 2 mg to about 9 mg, about 2 mg to about 8 mg, about 2 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 7 mg, about 2 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 6 mg, about 2 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 5 mg, about 2 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 4 mg, about 2 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 3 mg, or about 2 mg to about 2.5 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 5 mg to about 120 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 5 mg to about 110 mg, about 5 mg to about 100 mg, about 5 mg to about 90 mg, about 5 mg to about 80 mg, about 5 mg to about 70 mg, about 5 mg to about 60 mg, about 5 mg to about 50 mg, about 5 mg to about 40 mg, about 5 mg to about 30 mg, about 5 mg to about 25 mg, about 5 mg to about 20 mg, about 5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 15 mg, about 5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 10 mg, about 5 mg to about 9 mg, about 5 mg to about 8 mg, about 5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 7 mg, about 5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 6 mg, about 5 mg to about 5.5, about 5.5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 5.5 mg to about 7 mg, about 5.5 to about 6.5 mg, about 5.5 to about 6 mg, about 6 mg to about 8 mg, about 6 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 6 mg to about 7 mg, or about 6 mg to about 6.5 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 10 mg to about 120 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 10 mg to about 110 mg, about 10 mg to about 100 mg, about 10 mg to about 90 mg, about 10 mg to about 80 mg, about 10 mg to about 70 mg, about 10 mg to about 60 mg, about 10 mg to about 50 mg, about 10 mg to about 40 mg, about 10 mg to about 30 mg, about 10 mg to about 27.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 25 mg, about 10 mg to about 22.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 20 mg, about 10 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 15 mg, about 11 mg to about 14 mg, or about 12 mg to about 13 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 20 mg to about 120 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 20 mg to about 110 mg, about 20 mg to about 100 mg, about 20 mg to about 90 mg, about 20 mg to about 80 mg, about 20 mg to about 70 mg, about 20 mg to about 60 mg, about 20 mg to about 50 mg, about 20 mg to about 40 mg, about 20 mg to about 30 mg, about 20 mg to about 29 mg, about 20 mg to about 28 mg, about 20 mg to about 27 mg, about 20 mg to about 26.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 26 mg, about 20 mg to about 25.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 25 mg, about 20 mg to about 24.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 24 mg, about 20 mg to about 23.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 23 mg, about 20 mg to about 22.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 22 mg, about 20 mg to about 21.5 mg, or about 20 mg to about 21 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 40 mg to about 120 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the composition can comprise about 40 mg to about 110 mg, about 40 mg to about 100 mg, about 40 mg to about 90 mg, about 40 mg to about 80 mg, about 40 mg to about 70 mg, about 40 mg to about 60 mg, about 50 mg to about 120 mg, about 50 mg to about 100 mg, about 50 mg to about 90 mg, about 50 mg to about 80 mg, about 50 mg to about 70 mg, or about 60 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 1 mg, about 1.5 mg, about 2 mg, about 2.5 mg, about 3 mg, about 3.125 mg, about 3.5 mg, about 4 mg, about 4.5 mg, about 5 mg, about 5.5 mg, about 6 mg, about 6.25 mg, about 6.5 mg, about 7 mg, about 7.5 mg, about 8 mg, about 8.5 mg, about 9 mg, about 9.5 mg, about 10 mg, about 12.5 mg, about 15 mg, about 20 mg, about 25 mg, about 30 mg, about 35 mg, about 40 mg, about 45 mg, about 50 mg, about 60 mg, about 70 mg, about 80 mg, about 90 mg, about 100 mg, about 110 mg, about 120 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 1 mg to about 60 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 1 mg to about 50 mg, about 1 mg to about 40 mg, about 1 mg to about 30 mg, about 1 mg to about 25 mg, about 1 mg to about 20 mg, about 1 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 15 mg, about 1 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 10 mg, about 1 mg to about 9 mg, about 1 mg to about 8 mg, about 1 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 7 mg, about 1 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 6 mg, about 1 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 5 mg, about 1 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 4 mg, about 1 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 3 mg, about 1 mg to about 2.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 2 mg, or about 1 mg to about 1.5 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 1.5 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 1.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 20 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 15 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 10 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 9 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 8 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 7 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 6 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 4 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 3 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 2.5 mg, or about 1.5 mg to about 2 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 2 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 2 mg to about 30 mg, about 2 mg to about 25 mg, about 2 mg to about 20 mg, about 2 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 15 mg, about 2 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 10 mg, about 2 mg to about 9 mg, about 2 mg to about 8 mg, about 2 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 7 mg, about 2 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 6 mg, about 2 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 5 mg, about 2 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 4 mg, about 2 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 3 mg, or about 2 mg to about 2.5 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 2.5 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 2.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 20 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 15 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 10 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 9 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 8 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 7 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 6 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 4 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 3.5 mg, or about 2.5 mg to about 3 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 3 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 3 mg to about 30 mg, about 3 mg to about 25 mg, about 3 mg to about 20 mg, about 3 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 15 mg, about 3 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 10 mg, about 3 mg to about 9 mg, about 3 mg to about 8 mg, about 3 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 7 mg, about 3 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 6 mg, about 3 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 5 mg, about 3 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 4 mg, or about 3 mg to about 3.5 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 4 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 4 mg to about 30 mg, about 4 mg to about 25 mg, about 4 mg to about 20 mg, about 4 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 15 mg, about 4 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 10 mg, about 4 mg to about 9 mg, about 4 mg to about 8 mg, about 4 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 7 mg, about 4 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 6 mg, about 4 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 5 mg, or about 4 mg to about 4.5 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 4.5 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 4.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 20 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 15 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 10 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 9 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 8 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 7 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 6 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 5.5 mg, or about 4.5 mg to about 5 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 5 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 5 mg to about 30 mg, about 5 mg to about 25 mg, about 5 mg to about 20 mg, about 5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 15 mg, about 5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 10 mg, about 5 mg to about 9 mg, about 5 mg to about 8 mg, about 5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 7 mg, about 5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 6 mg, or about 5 mg to about 5.5 of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 8 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 8 mg to about 30 mg, about 8 mg to about 25 mg, about 8 mg to about 20 mg, about 8 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 8 mg to about 15 mg, about 8 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 8 mg to about 11.5 mg, about 8 mg to about 11 mg, about 8 mg to about 10.5 mg, about 8 mg to about 10 mg, about 8 mg to about 9.5 mg, about 8 mg to about 9 mg, about 9 mg to about 15 mg, about 9 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 9 mg to about 11.5 mg, about 9 mg to ab out 11 mg, ab out 9 mg to ab out 10.5 mg, ab out 9 mg to ab out 10 mg, or ab out 9 mg to about 9.5 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 10 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 10 mg to about 30 mg, about 10 mg to about 25 mg, about 10 mg to about 20 mg, about 10 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 15 mg, about 10 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 11.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 11 mg, or about 10 mg to about 10.5 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 12 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 12 mg to about 30 mg, about 12 mg to about 25 mg, about 12 mg to about 20 mg, about 12 mg to about 17 mg, about 12 mg to about 15 mg, about 12 mg to about 14.5 mg, about 12 mg to about 14 mg, about 12 mg to about 13.5 mg, or about 12 mg to about 13 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 14 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 14 mg to about 30 mg, about 14 mg to about 25 mg, about 14 mg to about 20 mg, about 14 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 14 mg to about 16 mg, about 14 mg to about 15.5 mg, about 14 mg to about 15 mg, or about 14 mg to about 14.5 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 15 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 15 mg to about 30 mg, about 15 mg to about 27.5 mg, about 15 mg to about 25 mg, about 15 mg to about 22.5 mg, about 15 mg to about 20 mg, about 15 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 15 mg to about 16.5 mg, about 15 mg to about 16 mg, or about 15 mg to about 15.5 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 17.5 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 17.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 17.5 mg to about 27.5 mg, about 17.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 17.5 mg to about 22.5 mg, about 17.5 mg to about 20 mg, about 17.5 mg to about 18 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 20 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 20 mg to about 30 mg, about 20 mg to about 29 mg, about 20 mg to about 28 mg, about 20 mg to about 27 mg, about 20 mg to about 26.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 26 mg, about 20 mg to about 25.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 25 mg, about 20 mg to about 24.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 24 mg, about 20 mg to about 23.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 23 mg, about 20 mg to about 22.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 22 mg, about 20 mg to about 21.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 21 mg, or about 20 mg to about 20.5 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 25 mg to about 40 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 25 mg to about 35 mg, about 25 mg to about 30 mg, about 25 mg to about 29 mg, about 25 mg to about 28 mg, about 25 mg to about 27 mg, about 25 mg to about 26.5 mg, about 25 mg to about 26 mg, or about 25 mg to about 25.5 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 1 mg, about 1.5 mg, about 2 mg, about 2.5 mg, about 3 mg, about 3.5 mg, about 4 mg, about 4.5 mg, about 5 mg, about 5.5 mg, about 6 mg, about 6.5 mg, about 7 mg, about 7.5 mg, about 8 mg, about 8.5 mg, about 9 mg, about 9.5 mg, about 10 mg, about 12.5 mg, about 15 mg, about 17.5 mg, about 20 mg, about 25 mg, about 30 mg, about 35 mg, about 40 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 1 mg to about 60 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 1 mg to about 50 mg, about 1 mg to about 40 mg, about 1 mg to about 30 mg, about 1 mg to about 25 mg, about 1 mg to about 20 mg, about 1 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 15 mg, about 1 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 10 mg, about 1 mg to about 9 mg, about 1 mg to about 8 mg, about 1 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 7 mg, about 1 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 6 mg, about 1 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 5 mg, about 1 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 4 mg, about 1 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 3 mg, about 1 mg to about 2.5 mg, about 1 mg to about 2 mg, or about 1 mg to about 1.5 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 1.5 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 1.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 20 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 15 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 10 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 9 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 8 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 7 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 6 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 4 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 3 mg, about 1.5 mg to about 2.5 mg, or about 1.5 mg to about 2 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 2 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 2 mg to about 30 mg, about 2 mg to about 25 mg, about 2 mg to about 20 mg, about 2 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 15 mg, about 2 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 10 mg, about 2 mg to about 9 mg, about 2 mg to about 8 mg, about 2 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 7 mg, about 2 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 6 mg, about 2 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 5 mg, about 2 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 4 mg, about 2 mg to about 3.5 mg, about 2 mg to about 3 mg, or about 2 mg to about 2.5 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 2.5 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 2.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 20 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 15 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 10 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 9 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 8 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 7 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 6 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 4 mg, about 2.5 mg to about 3.5 mg, or about 2.5 mg to about 3 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 3 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 3 mg to about 30 mg, about 3 mg to about 25 mg, about 3 mg to about 20 mg, about 3 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 15 mg, about 3 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 10 mg, about 3 m g to about 9 g, about 3 g to about 8 mg, about 3 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 7 mg, about 3 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 6 bog, about 3 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 5 mg, about 3 mg to about 4.5 mg, about 3 mg to about 4 mg, or about 3 mg to about 3.5 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 4 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 4 mg to about 30 mg, about 4 mg to about 25 mg, about 4 mg to about 20 mg, about 4 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 15 mg, about 4 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 10 mg, about 4 mg to about 9 mg, about 4 mg to about 8 mg, about 4 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 7 mg, about 4 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 6 mg, about 4 mg to about 5.5 mg, about 4 mg to about 5 mg, or about 4 mg to about 4.5 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 4.5 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 4.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 20 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 15 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 10 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 9 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 8 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 7 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 6 mg, about 4.5 mg to about 5.5 mg, or about 4.5 mg to about 5 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 5 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 5 mg to about 30 mg, about 5 mg to about 25 mg, about 5 mg to about 20 mg, about 5 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 15 mg, about 5 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 10 mg, about 5 mg to about 9 mg, about 5 mg to about 8 mg, about 5 mg to about 7.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 7 mg, about 5 mg to about 6.5 mg, about 5 mg to about 6 mg, or about 5 mg to about 5.5 of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 8 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 8 mg to about 30 mg, about 8 mg to about 25 mg, about 8 mg to about 20 mg, about 8 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 8 mg to about 15 mg, about 8 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 8 mg to about 11.5 mg, about 8 mg to about 11 mg, about 8 mg to about 10.5 mg, about 8 mg to about 10 mg, about 8 mg to about 9.5 mg, about 8 mg to about 9 mg, about 9 mg to about 15 mg, about 9 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 9 mg to about 11.5 mg, about 9 mg to about 11 mg, about 9 mg to about 10.5 mg, about 9 mg to about 10 mg, or about 9 mg to about 9.5 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 10 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 10 mg to about 30 mg, about 10 mg to about 25 mg, about 10 mg to about 20 mg, about 10 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 15 mg, about 10 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 11.5 mg, about 10 mg to about 11 mg, or about 10 mg to about 10.5 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 12 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 12 mg to about 30 mg, about 12 mg to about 25 mg, about 12 mg to about 20 mg, about 12 mg to about 17 mg, about 12 mg to about 15 mg, about 12 mg to about 14.5 mg, about 12 mg to about 14 mg, about 12 mg to about 13.5 mg, or about 12 mg to about 13 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 14 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 14 mg to about 30 mg, about 14 mg to about 25 mg, about 14 mg to about 20 mg, about 14 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 14 mg to about 16 mg, about 14 mg to about 15.5 mg, about 14 mg to about 15 mg, or about 14 mg to about 14.5 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 15 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 15 mg to about 30 mg, about 15 mg to about 27.5 mg, about 15 mg to about 25 mg, about 15 mg to about 22.5 mg, about 15 mg to about 20 mg, about 15 mg to about 17.5 mg, about 15 mg to about 16.5 mg, about 15 mg to about 16 mg, or about 15 mg to about 15.5 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 17.5 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 17.5 mg to about 30 mg, about 17.5 mg to about 27.5 mg, about 17.5 mg to about 25 mg, about 17.5 mg to about 22.5 mg, about 17.5 mg to about 20 mg, about 17.5 mg to about 18 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 20 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 20 mg to about 30 mg, about 20 mg to about 29 mg, about 20 mg to about 28 mg, about 20 mg to about 27 mg, about 20 mg to about 26.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 26 mg, about 20 mg to about 25.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 25 mg, about 20 mg to about 24.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 24 mg, about 20 mg to about 23.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 23 mg, about 20 mg to about 22.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 22 mg, about 20 mg to about 21.5 mg, about 20 mg to about 21 mg, or about 20 mg to about 20.5 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 25 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 25 mg to about 35 mg, about 25 mg to about 30 mg, about 25 mg to about 29 mg, about 25 mg to about 28 mg, about 25 mg to about 27 mg, about 25 mg to about 26.5 mg, about 25 mg to about 26 mg, or about 25 mg to about 25.5 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 1 mg, about 1.5 mg, about 2 mg, about 2.5 mg, about 3 mg, about 3.5 mg, about 4 mg, about 4.5 mg, about 5 mg, about 5.5 mg, about 6 mg, about 6.5 mg, about 7 mg, about 7.5 mg, about 8 mg, about 8.5 mg, about 9 mg, about 9.5 mg, about 10 mg, about 12.5 mg, about 15 mg, about 17.5 mg, about 20 mg, about 25 mg, about 30 mg, about 35 mg, about 40 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 1.5 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of the neurosteroid. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 2 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of the neurosteroid; about 3.125 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 2.5 mg of the neurosteroid; about 3.125 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of the neurosteroid; about 4 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of the neurosteroid; about 6.25 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of the neurosteroid; about 12.5 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 10 mg of the neurosteroid; about 25 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 20 mg of the neurosteroid; or about 50 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 40 mg of the neurosteroid.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 1.5 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 2 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of pregnenolone; about 3.125 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 2.5 mg of pregnenolone; about 3.125 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of pregnenolone; about 4 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of pregnenolone; about 6.25 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of pregnenolone; about 12.5 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 10 mg of pregnenolone; about 25 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 20 mg of pregnenolone; or about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 40 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the first composition can also include the excipients in the amounts and ranges disclosed above in the disclosure related to the pharmaceutical composition.

In some aspects, the second composition of the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 100 mg to about 1,500 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the second composition of the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 100 mg to about 1200 mg, about 100 mg to about 1,100 mg, about 100 mg to about 1,000 mg, about 100 mg to about 900 mg, about 100 mg to about 800 mg, about 100 mg to about 700 mg, about 100 mg to about 600 mg, about 100 mg to about 500 mg, about 100 mg to about 400 mg, about 100 mg to about 300 mg, or about 150 mg to about 250 mg of testosterone.

In some aspects, the second composition can comprise about 200 mg to about 1,200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the second composition can comprise about 200 mg to about 1,100 mg, about 200 mg to about 1,000 mg, about 200 mg to about 900 mg, about 200 mg to about 800 mg, about 200 mg to about 700 mg, about 200 mg to about 600 mg, about 200 mg to about 500 mg, about 200 mg to about 400 mg, or about 200 mg to about 300 mg of testosterone.

In some aspects, the second composition can comprise about 400 mg to about 1,200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the second composition can comprise about 400 mg to about 1,100 mg, about 400 mg to about 1,000 mg, about 400 mg to about 900 mg, about 400 mg to about 800 mg, about 400 mg to about 700 mg, 400 mg to about 600 mg, or about 400 mg to about 500 mg of testosterone.

In some aspects, the second composition can comprise about 600 mg to about 1,200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the second composition can comprise about 600 mg to about 1,100 mg, about 600 mg to about 1,000 mg, about 600 mg to about 900 mg, about 600 mg to about 800 mg, or about 600 mg to about 700 mg of testosterone.

In some aspects, the second composition can comprise about 800 mg to about 1,200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the second composition can comprise about 800 mg to about 1,100 mg, about 800 mg to about 1,000 mg, or about 800 mg to about 900 mg of testosterone.

In some aspects, the second composition can comprise about 1,000 mg to about 1,200 mg or about 1,000 mg to about 1,100 mg of testosterone.

In some aspects, the second composition can comprise about 100 mg, about 200 mg, about 300 mg, about 400 mg, about 500 mg, about 600 mg, about 700 mg, about 800 mg, about 900 mg, about 1,000 mg, about 1,100 mg, about 1,200 of testosterone.

In some aspects, the testosterone can be natural or native testosterone (also known as testosterone base) or an isomer or derivative thereof. In some aspects, the testosterone can be native testosterone. In some aspects, the testosterone is not a testosterone ester.

Without wishing to be bound to any particular theory, it is believed that native testosterone is preferable to a testosterone derivative, such as a testosterone ester, in a combination therapy with a SERM, e.g., enclomiphene or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, because testosterone esters create artificially sustained levels of free testosterone resulting in reduced LH and FSH secretion that the estrogen receptor antagonist activity by a SERM cannot overcome. For example, testosterone enanthate or cypionate combined with enclomiphene would not increase LH or FSH levels. In contrast, native testosterone has a shorter half-life and thus the estrogen receptor antagonist activity by a SERM can stimulate LH and FSH secretion despite the use of exogenous testosterone.

In some aspects, the second composition can comprise an oil. In some aspects, the oil can be selected from the group consisting of canola oil, cottonseed oil, hydrogenated cottonseed oil, peanut oil, corn oil, olive oil, soybean oil, hydrogenated soybean oil, sunflower oil, safflower oil, coconut oil, palm oil, hydrogenated palm oil, linseed oil, tung oil, castor oil, rapeseed oil, sesame oil, and combinations thereof. In some aspects, the oil can be safflower oil.

In some aspects, the oil can be present in amounts of about 10% to about 80% by weight of the second composition. In some aspects, the oil can be present in amounts of about 10% to about 70%, about 10% to about 60%, about 10% to about 50%, about 10% to about 40%, about 10% to about 30%, or about 10% to about 20% by weight of the second composition.

In some aspects, the oil can be present in amounts of about 20% to about 80% by weight of the second composition. In some aspects, the oil can be present in amounts of about 20% to about 70%, about 20% to about 60%, about 20% to about 50%, about 20% to about 40%, or about 20% to about 30% by weight of the second composition.

In some aspects, the oil can be present in amounts of about 30% to about 80% by weight of the second composition. In some aspects, the oil can be present in amounts of about 30% to about 70%, about 30% to about 60%, about 30% to about 50%, or about 30% to about 40% by weight of the second composition.

In some aspects, the oil can be present in amounts of about 40% to about 80% by weight of the second composition. In some aspects, the oil can be present in amounts of about 40% to about 70%, about 40% to about 60%, or about 40% to about 50% by weight of the second composition.

In some aspects, the oil can be present in amounts of about 50% to about 80% by weight of the second composition. In some aspects, the oil can be present in amounts of about 50% to about 70%, or about 50% to about 60% by weight of the second composition.

In some aspects, the oil can be present in amounts of about 60% to about 80% by weight of the pharmaceutical combination. In some aspects, the oil can be present in amounts of about 60% to about 70% by weight of the second composition.

In some aspects, the oil can be present in amounts of about 70% to about 80% by weight of the second composition.

In some aspects, the second composition can comprise a filler. In some aspects, the filler can be selected from the group consisting of cellulose and cellulose derivatives, microcrystalline cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, lactose, calcium carbonate, calcium bicarbonate, calcium phosphate, dibasic calcium phosphate, calcium sulfate, calcium silicate, cellulose powders, dextrose, dextrates, dextrans, starches, pregelatinized starches, sucrose, xylitol, lactitol, sorbitol, sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride, polyethylene glycol, and combinations thereof. In some aspects, the filler can be cellulose.

In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 10% to about 90% by weight of the second composition. In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 10% to about 80%, about 10% to about 70%, about 10% to about 60%, about 10% to about 50%, about 10% to about 40%, about 10% to about 30%, or about 10% to about 20% by weight of the second composition.

In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 20% to about 90% by weight of the second composition. In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 20% to about 80%, about 20% to about 70%, about 20% to about 60%, about 20% to about 50%, about 20% to about 40%, or about 20% to about 30% by weight of the second composition.

In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 30% to about 90% by weight of the second composition. In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 30% to about 80%, about 30% to about 70%, about 30% to about 60%, about 30% to about 50%, or about 30% to about 40% by weight of the second composition.

In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 40% to about 90% by weight of the second composition. In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 40% to about 80%, about 40% to about 70%, about 40% to about 60%, or about 40% to about 50% by weight of the second composition.

In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 50% to about 90% by weight of the second composition. In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 50% to about 80%, about 50% to about 70%, or about 50% to about 60% by weight of the second composition.

In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 60% to about 90% by weight of the second composition. In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 60% to about 80%, or about 60% to about 70% by weight of the second composition.

In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 70% to about 90% by weight of the second composition. In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 70% to about 80% by weight of the second composition. In some aspects, the filler can be present in amounts of about 80% to about 90% by weight of the second composition.

In some aspects, the second composition can further comprise a lubricant. In some aspects, the lubricant can be selected from the group consisting of stearic acid, calcium hydroxide, talc, corn starch, sodium stearyl fumerate, stearic acid, sodium oleate, sodium stearate, sodium benzoate, sodium acetate, sodium chloride, magnesium stearate, zinc stearate, waxes, and combinations thereof. In some aspects, the lubricant can be magnesium stearate.

In some aspects, the lubricant can be present in amounts of about 0.01% to about 10% by weight of the second composition. In some aspects, the lubricant can be present in amounts of about 0.01% to about 9%, about 0.01% to about 8%, about 0.01% to about 7%, about 0.01% to about 6%, about 0.01% to about 5%, about 0.01% to about 4%, about 0.01% to about 3%, about 0.01% to about 2%, about 0.01% to about 1%, about 0.01% to about 0.9%, about 0.01% to about 0.8%, about 0.01% to about 0.7%, about 0.01% to about 0.6%, about 0.01% to about 0.5%, about 0.01% to about 0.4%, about 0.01% to about 0.3%, about 0.01% to about 0.2%, or about 0.01% to about 0.1% by weight of the second composition.

In some aspects, the lubricant can be present in amounts of about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of the second composition. In some aspects, the lubricant can be present in amounts of about 0.1% to about 9%, about 0.1% to about 8%, about 0.1% to about 7%, about 0.1% to about 6%, about 0.1% to about 5%, about 0.1% to about 4%, about 0.1% to about 3%, about 0.1% to about 2%, about 0.1% to about 1%, about 0.1% to about 0.9%, about 0.1% to about 0.8%, about 0.1% to about 0.7%, about 0.1% to about 0.6%, about 0.1% to about 0.5%, about 0.1% to about 0.4%, about 0.1% to about 0.3%, about 0.1% to about 0.2% by weight of the second composition.

In some aspects, the lubricant can be present in amounts of about 0.5% to about 10% by weight of the second composition. In some aspects, the lubricant can be present in amounts of about 0.5% to about 9%, about 0.5% to about 8%, about 0.5% to about 7%, about 0.5% to about 6%, about 0.5% to about 5%, about 0.5% to about 4%, about 0.5% to about 3%, about 0.5% to about 2%, about 0.5% to about 1%, about 0.5% to about 0.9%, about 0.5% to about 0.8%, about 0.5% to about 0.7%, or about 0.5% to about 0.6% by weight of the second composition.

In some aspects, the lubricant can be present in amounts of about 1% to about 10% by weight of the second composition. In some aspects, the lubricant can be present in amounts of about 1% to about 9%, about 1% to about 8%, about 1% to about 7%, about 1% to about 6%, about 1% to about 5%, about 1% to about 4%, about 1% to about 3%, about 1% to about 2%, or about 1% to about 2% by weight of the second composition.

In some aspects, the lubricant can be present in amounts of about 5% to about 10%, about 5% to about 9%, about 5% to about 8%, about 5% to about 7%, or about 5% to about 6% by weight of the second composition.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 1.5 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 2 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 3.125 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 4 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 6.25 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 12.5 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects the first composition can comprise about 25 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 50 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 1.5 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 2 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 3.125 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 4 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 6.25 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 12.5 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 25 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 1.5 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition of the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 2 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 3.125 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 4 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 6.25 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 12.5 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 25 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 50 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 60 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 70 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 80 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 90 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 100 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 110 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 120 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 1.5 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 2 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 3.125 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 2.5 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 3 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 4 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 6.25 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 12.5 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 10 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 25 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 20 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise or about 50 mg of the SERM, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 40 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 1.5 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of pregnenolone and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 2 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of pregnenolone and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 3.125 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 2.5 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 3 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 4 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 6.25 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 12.5 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 10 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 25 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 20 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise or about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 40 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 1.5 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of pregnenolone and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition of the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 2 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of pregnenolone and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 3.125 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 2.5 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 3 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 4 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 6.25 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 12.5 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 10 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 25 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 20 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise or about 50 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 40 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise or about 60 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 40 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise or about 70 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 40 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise or about 80 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 40 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise or about 90 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 40 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise or about 100 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 40 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise or about 110 ng of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 40 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise or about 120 mg of toremifene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 40 mg of the neurosteroid and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone.

In some aspects, the pharmaceutical combination can further comprise a 5α-reductase inhibitor. In some aspects, the 5α-reductase inhibitor can be selected from the group consisting of flutamide, nilutamide, enzalutamide, bicalutamide, abiraterone, abiraterone acetate, orteronel, finasteride, dutasteride, bexlosteride, izonsteride, turosteride, episteride, dexamethasone, prednisone, leuprolide, goserelin, triptorelin, histrelin, estrogen, and combinations thereof. In some aspects, the 5α-reductase inhibitor can be dutasteride. In some aspects, the 5α-reductase inhibitor can be finasteride.

In some aspects, the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 0.1 mg to about 1000 mg of the 5α-reductase inhibitor. In some aspects, the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 0.1 mg to about 500 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 100 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 50 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 10 mg of the 5α-reductase inhibitor. In some aspects, the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 0.1 mg to about 5 mg or about 0.1 mg to about 2.5 mg of the 5α-reductase inhibitor. In some aspects, the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 0.1 mg to about 2 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 1.5 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 1 mg, about 0.2 mg to about 1 mg, about 0.3 mg to about 1 mg, about 0.4 mg to about 1 mg, or about 0.5 mg to about 1 mg of the 5α-reductase inhibitor.

In some aspects, the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 0.1 mg to about 1 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 0.9 mg, about 0.2 mg to about 0.8 mg, about 0.3 mg to about 0.7 mg, about 0.4 mg to about 0.6 mg, or about 0.5 mg of the 5α-reductase inhibitor. In some aspects, the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 0.5 mg to about 1.5 mg, about 0.6 mg to about 1.4 mg, about 0.7 mg to about 1.3 mg, about 0.8 mg to about 1.2 mg, about 0.9 mg to about 1.1 mg, or about 1 mg of the 5α-reductase inhibitor.

In some aspects, the pharmaceutical combination can further comprise about 0.01 mg, about 0.1 mg, about 0.2 mg, about 0.3 mg, about 0.4 mg, about 0.5 mg, about 0.6 mg, about 0.7 mg, about 0.8 mg, about 0.9 mg, about 1 mg, about 1.5 mg, about 2 mg, or about 2.5 mg of the 5α-reductase inhibitor.

In some aspects, the 5α-reductase inhibitor can be dutasteride and the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 0.1 mg to about 5 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 4 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 3 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 2.5 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 2 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 1.5 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 1 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 0.9 mg, about 0.2 mg to about 0.8 mg, about 0.3 mg to about 0.7 mg, about 0.4 mg to about 0.6 mg, or about 0.5 mg of dutasteride. In some aspects, the 5α-reductase inhibitor can be finasteride and the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 0.5 mg to about 5 mg, about 0.5 mg to about 4 mg, about 0.5 mg to about 3 mg, about 0.5 mg to about 2.5 mg, about 0.5 mg to about 2 mg, about, about 0.5 mg to about 1.5 mg, about 0.6 mg to about 1.4 mg, about 0.7 mg to about 1.3 mg, about 0.8 mg to about 1.2 mg, about 0.9 mg to about 1.1 mg, or about 1 mg of finasteride.

In some aspects, the pharmaceutical combination can further comprise an aromatase inhibitor. In some aspects, the aromatase inhibitor can be selected from the group consisting of atamestane, exemestane, and formestane, and non-steroids, such as aminoglutethimide, roglethimide, pyridoglutethimide, trilostane, testolactone, vorozole, fadrozole, anastrozole, letrozole, and combinations thereof. In some aspects, the aromatase inhibitor can be anastrozole. In some aspects, the aromatase inhibitor can be exemestane.

In some aspects, the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 0.1 mg to about 50 mg of the aromatase inhibitor. In some aspects, the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 0.1 mg to about 40 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 30 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 25 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 20 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 15 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 12.5 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 10 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 5 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 2.5 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 1 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 0.9 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 0.8 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 0.7 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 0.6 mg, or about 0.1 mg to about 0.5 mg of the aromatase inhibitor.

In some aspects, the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 0.1 mg to about 0.5 mg, 0.1 mg to about 0.4 mg, about 0.1 to about 0.3 mg, about 0.2 mg to about 0.4 mg, about 0.2 mg to about 0.3 mg, or about 0.25 mg of the aromatase inhibitor. In some aspects, the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 0.2 mg to about 0.8 mg, 0.2 mg to about 0.6 mg, about 0.2 mg to about 0.5 mg, about 0.3 mg to about 0.7 mg, or about 0.4 mg to about 0.6 mg, or about 0.5 mg of the aromatase inhibitor. In some aspects, the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 0.25 mg to about 0.5 mg of the aromatase inhibitor.

In some aspects, the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 5 mg to about 30 mg, about 10 mg to about 30 mg, about 10 mg to about 25 mg, about 10 mg to about 20 mg, about 10 mg to about 15 mg, about 15 mg to about 30 mg, about 20 mg to about 30 mg of the aromatase inhibitor. In some aspects, the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 10 mg to about 15 mg, about 11 mg to about 14 mg, about 12 to about 13 mg, or about 12.5 mg of the aromatase inhibitor. In some aspects, the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 20 mg to about 30 mg, about 21 mg to about 29 mg, about 22 mg to about 28 mg, about 23 mg to about 27 mg, about 24 mg to about 26 mg, or about 25 mg of the aromatase inhibitor.

In some aspects, the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 0.1 mg, about 0.25 mg, about 0.5 mg, about 0.6 mg, about 0.7 mg, about 0.8 mg, about 0.9 mg, about 1 mg, about 1.5 mg, about 2 mg, about 2.5 mg, about 5 mg, about 7.5 mg, about 10 mg, about 12.5 mg, about 15 mg, about 20 mg, about 25 mg, about 30 mg of the aromatase inhibitor.

In some aspects, the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 0.1 mg to about 1 mg, about 0.1 mg to about 0.5 mg, 0.1 mg to about 0.4 mg, about 0.1 to about 0.3 mg, about 0.2 mg to about 0.4 mg, about 0.2 mg to about 0.3 mg, or about 0.25 mg of anastrozole. In some aspects, the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 0.2 mg to about 0.8 mg, 0.2 mg to about 0.6 mg, about 0.2 mg to about 0.5 mg, about 0.3 mg to about 0.7 mg, or about 0.4 mg to about 0.6 mg, or about 0.5 mg of anastrozole. In some aspects, the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 0.25 mg to about 0.5 mg of anastrozole.

In some aspects, the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 5 mg to about 30 mg, about 10 mg to about 30 mg, about 10 mg to about 25 mg, about 10 mg to about 20 mg, about 10 mg to about 15 mg, about 15 mg to about 30 mg, about 20 mg to about 30 mg of exemestane. In some aspects, the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 10 mg to about 15 mg, about 11 mg to about 14 mg, about 12 to about 13 mg, or about 12.5 mg of exemestane. In some aspects, the pharmaceutical combination can comprise about 20 mg to about 30 mg, about 21 mg to about 29 mg, about 22 mg to about 28 mg, about 23 mg to about 27 mg, about 24 mg to about 26 mg, or about 25 mg of exemestane.

In some aspects, the pharmaceutical combination can further comprise ketoconazole.

In some aspects, the pharmaceutical combination can comprise a first composition in a form suitable for sublingual administration comprising: about 1 mg to about 50 mg of enclomiphene citrate, cellulose, a non-nutritive sweetener, a flavoring agent, and magnesium stearate; and at least one second composition in a form suitable for oral administration and lymphatic absorption comprising: about 200 mg of native testosterone, safflower oil, cellulose, and magnesium stearate.

Methods of Treatment

The present disclosure is further directed to the method of increasing testosterone levels in a subject in need thereof comprising administering the pharmaceutical composition or the pharmaceutical combination described herein. In some aspects, the method can at least partially reduce the suppression of endogenous testosterone and maintain baseline levels of LH, and FSH production. In some aspects, the subject is a male mammal or human. In some aspects, the subject is a mammal or human whose serum testosterone levels fall below 400 ng/dL resulting in a low testosterone diagnosis. A blood serum testosterone test can be used to determine endogenous testosterone levels. In some aspects, the subject is a mammal or human whose symptoms include, but are not limited to, low libido, low energy, decreased strength, decreased endurance, erectile dysfunction, and combinations thereof. In some aspects, the subject is a mammal or human with symptomatic hypogonadism with normal endocrine function (e.g., normal LH, FSH, and testosterone levels), alternatively known as “functional hypogonadism.” In some aspects, the subject is a mammal or human with secondary hypogonadism. In some aspects, the subject is a mammal or human with type II diabetes, metabolic syndrome, osteoporosis, infertility, and combinations thereof.

In some aspects of the method, the pharmaceutical composition can be administered once a day. In some aspects of the method, the pharmaceutical composition can be administered twice a day. In some aspects of the method, the pharmaceutical composition can be administered three times a day. In some aspects of the method, the pharmaceutical composition can be administered four times a day.

In some aspects of the method, the pharmaceutical combination can be administered once a day. In some aspects of the method, the pharmaceutical combination can be administered twice a day. In some aspects of the method, the pharmaceutical combination can be administered three times a day. In some aspects of the method, the pharmaceutical combination can be administered four times a day.

In some aspects of the method, the pharmaceutical composition comprising a SERM, e.g., enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a neurosteroid, e.g., pregnenolone, can be administered to the subject. In some aspects of the method, the pharmaceutical composition can comprise about 1.5 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects of the method, the pharmaceutical composition can comprise about 2 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of pregnenolone; about 3.125 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 2.5 mg of pregnenolone; about 3.125 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of pregnenolone; about 4 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of pregnenolone; about 6.25 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of pregnenolone; about 12.5 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 10 mg of pregnenolone; about 25 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 20 mg of pregnenolone; or about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 40 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects of the method, the pharmaceutical combination comprising a first composition comprising a SERM, e.g., enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a second composition comprising testosterone in a form suitable for oral administration, can be administered to the subject. In some aspects of the method, the first composition can comprise about 1.5 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects of the method, the first composition can comprise about 2 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects of the method, the first composition can comprise about 3.125 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects of the method, the first composition can comprise about 4 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects of the method, the first composition can comprise about 6.25 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects of the method, the first composition can comprise about 12.5 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects of the method, the first composition can comprise about 25 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects of the method, the first composition can comprise about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone.

In some aspects of the method, the pharmaceutical combination comprising a first composition comprising a SERM (e.g., enclomiphene), or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a neurosteroid (e.g., pregnenolone), and a second composition comprising testosterone in a form suitable for oral administration, can be administered to the subject. In some aspects of the method, the first composition can comprise about 1.5 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of pregnenolone and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects of the method, the first composition can comprise about 2 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of pregnenolone and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects of the method, the first composition can comprise about 3.125 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 2.5 mg of pregnenolone and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects of the method, the first composition can comprise about 3.125 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of pregnenolone and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects of the method, the first composition can comprise about 4 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of pregnenolone and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects of the method, the first composition can comprise about 6.25 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 5 mg of pregnenolone and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects of the method, the first composition can comprise about 12.5 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 10 mg of pregnenolone and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects of the method, the first composition can comprise about 25 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 20 mg of pregnenolone and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone. In some aspects of the method, the first composition can comprise about 50 mg of enclomiphene, or an equivalent amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and about 40 mg of pregnenolone and the second composition can comprise about 200 mg of testosterone.

In some aspects of the method, the pharmaceutical composition or the pharmaceutical combination can further comprise a 5α-reductase inhibitor. In some aspects of the method, the 5α-reductase inhibitor can be selected from the group consisting of flutamide, nilutamide, enzalutamide, bicalutamide, abiraterone, abiraterone acetate, orteronel, finasteride, dutasteride, bexlosteride, izonsteride, turosteride, episteride, dexamethasone, prednisone, leuprolide, goserelin, triptorelin, histrelin, estrogen, and combinations thereof. In some aspects of the method, the 5α-reductase inhibitor can be dutasteride. In some aspects of the method, the 5α-reductase inhibitor can be finasteride.

In some aspects of the method, the pharmaceutical composition or the pharmaceutical combination can further comprise an aromatase inhibitor, a compound that inhibits the action of aromatase, the enzyme that converts androgens into estrogens by aromatization. In some aspects of the method, the aromatase inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of atamestane, exemestane, and formestane, and non-steroids, such as aminoglutethimide, roglethimide, pyridoglutethimide, trilostane, testolactone, vorozole, fadrozole, anastrozole, letrozole, and combinations thereof. In some aspects of the method, the aromatase inhibitor can be anastrozole. In some aspects, the aromatase inhibitor can be exemestane.

In some aspects, the present disclosure provides a method of increasing a subject's total testosterone level by about 100% compared to the subject's baseline total testosterone level. In other aspects, the present disclosure provides a method of increasing a subject's total testosterone by at least about 150%, about 200%, about 250%, or about 300% compared to the subject's baseline total testosterone level. In certain aspects, the method described herein can achieve the desired increase in total testosterone levels about 1 hour, about 2 hours, about 3 hours, about 4 hours, or about 5 hours after administration.

In some aspects, the present disclosure provides a method of increasing a subject's free testosterone level by about 100% compared to the subject's baseline free testosterone level. In other aspects, the present disclosure provides a method of increasing a subject's free testosterone level by at least about 150%, about 200%, about 250%, about 300%, about 350%, or about 400% compared to the subject's baseline free testosterone level. In certain aspects, the method described herein can achieve the desired increase in free testosterone levels about 1 hour, about 2 hours, about 3 hours, about 4 hours, or about 5 hours after administration.

In some aspects, the present disclosure provides a method of maintaining a subject's baseline LH level. In some aspects, the subject's baseline LH level can be in a clinically normal range of 1.8 IU/L or more. In some aspects, the present disclosure provides a method of maintaining a subject's LH level in a clinically normal range (1.8 IU/L or more).

In some aspects, the present disclosure provides a method of increasing a subject's LH level by about 50% compared to the subject's baseline LH level. In other aspects, the present disclosure provides a method of increasing a subject's LH by at least about 55%, about 60%, about 65%, about 70%, about 75%, or about 80% compared to the subject's baseline LH level. In certain aspects, the method described herein can achieve the desired increase in LH levels about 1 hour, about 2 hours, about 3 hours, about 4 hours, or about 5 hours after administration.

In some aspects, the present disclosure provides a method of maintaining a subject's baseline FSH level. In some aspects, the subject's baseline FSH level can be in a clinically normal range of 1.5 IU/L or more. In some aspects, the present disclosure provides a method of maintaining a subject's FSH level in a clinically normal range (1.5 IU/L or more).

In some aspects, the present disclosure provides a method of increasing a subject's FSH level by about 10% compared to the subject's baseline FSH level. In other aspects, the present disclosure provides a method of increasing a subject's FSH by at least about 15%, about 20%, or about 25% compared to the subject's baseline FSH level. In certain aspects, the method described herein can achieve the desired increase in FSH levels about 1 hour, about 2 hours, about 3 hours, about 4 hours, or about 5 hours after administration.

In some aspects, the present disclosure provides a method of increasing testosterone levels in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a first composition comprising about 1 mg to about 50 mg of a selective estrogen receptor modulator, and a second composition comprising about 100 mg to about 800 mg testosterone in a form suitable for oral administration.

In some aspects, the subject can be a human subject and administering the first and second compositions can increase the subject's total testosterone level by about 100% compared to the subject's baseline total testosterone level. In some aspects, the subject can be a human subject and administering the first and second compositions can increase the subject's total testosterone level by at least about 150%, about 200%, about 250%, or about 300% compared to the subject's baseline total testosterone level. In some aspects, the method described herein can achieve the desired increase in total testosterone levels about 1 hour, about 2 hours, about 3 hours, about 4 hours, or about 5 hours after administration.

In some aspects, the subject can be a human subject and administering the first and second compositions can maintain the subject's LH level at about 1.8 IU/L or more.

In some aspects, the subject can be a human subject and administering the first and second compositions can maintain the subject's FSH level at about 1.5 IU/L or more.

In some aspects, the selective estrogen receptor modulator can be selected from the group consisting of clomiphene, enclomiphene, tamoxifen, toremifene, acolbifene, lasoxifene, bazedoxifene, droloxifene, raloxifene, metabolites thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof. In some aspects, the selective estrogen receptor modulator can be enclomiphene or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In some aspects, the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of enclomiphene can be enclomiphene citrate.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 3 mg, about 3.125 mg, about 6.25 mg, about 12.5 mg, about 25 mg, or about 50 mg of the selective estrogen receptor modulator.

In some aspects, the second composition can comprise about 200 mg, about 400 mg, about 600 mg, or about 800 mg of testosterone.

In some aspects, the first composition further can comprise a neurosteroid. In some aspects, the neurosteroid can be selected from the group consisting of 25-hydroxycholesterol, 3α, 5α-androstanediol, 3α, 5β-androstanediol, androsterone, etiocholanolone, dihydrotestosterone, 3α-dihydroprogesterone, allopregnanediol, pregnanediol, pregnenolone, anicequol, estratetraenol, caprospinol, dehydroepiandrosterone, and combinations thereof. In some aspects, the neurosteroid can be pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 5 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 5 mg, about 10 mg, about 20 mg, or about 40 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the first composition can be in the form of a sublingual tablet. In some aspects, the second composition comprising testosterone in a form suitable for oral administration can be a tablet or capsule.

In some aspects, the first composition can be administered sublingually. In some aspects, the second composition can be administered orally.

In some aspects, the method can further comprise administering a 5α-reductase inhibitor. In some aspects, the 5α-reductase inhibitor can be selected from the group consisting of flutamide, nilutamide, enzalutamide, bicalutamide, abiraterone, abiraterone acetate, orteronel, finasteride, dutasteride, bexlosteride, izonsteride, turosteride, episteride, dexamethasone, prednisone, leuprolide, goserelin, triptorelin, histrelin, estrogen, and combinations thereof. In some aspects, the 5α-reductase inhibitor can be dutasteride. In some aspects, the method can comprise administering about 0.1 mg to about 5 mg of dutasteride.

In some aspects, the present disclosure provides a method of increasing testosterone levels in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a first composition in a form suitable for sublingual administration comprising: about 1 mg to about 50 mg of enclomiphene citrate, cellulose, a non-nutritive sweetener, a flavoring agent, and magnesium stearate; and at least one second composition in a form suitable for oral administration and lymphatic absorption comprising about 200 mg of native testosterone, safflower oil, cellulose, and magnesium stearate.

In some aspects, the subject can be a human subject and administering the first and second compositions can increase the subject's total testosterone level by about 100% compared to the subject's baseline total testosterone level. In some aspects, the subject can be a human subject and administering the first and second compositions can increase the subject's total testosterone level by at least about 150%, about 200%, about 250%, or about 300% compared to the subject's baseline total testosterone level. In some aspects, the method described herein can achieve the desired increase in total testosterone levels about 1 hour, about 2 hours, about 3 hours, about 4 hours, or about 5 hours after administration.

In some aspects, the subject can be a human subject and administering the combination can maintain the subject's LH level at about 1.8 IU/L or more.

In some aspects, the subject can be a human subject and administering the combination can maintain the subject's FSH level at about 1.5 IU/L or more.

In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 3 mg, about 3.125 mg, about 6.25 mg, about 12.5 mg, about 25 mg, or about 50 mg of the enclomiphene citrate.

In some aspects, the second composition can comprise about 200 mg, about 400 mg, about 600 mg, or about 800 mg of native testosterone.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise a neurosteroid. In some aspects, the neurosteroid can be selected from the group consisting of 25-hydroxycholesterol, 3α, 5α-androstanediol, 3α, 5β-androstanediol, androsterone, etiocholanolone, dihydrotestosterone, 3α-dihydroprogesterone, allopregnanediol, pregnanediol, pregnenolone, anicequol, estratetraenol, caprospinol, dehydroepiandrosterone, and combinations thereof. In some aspects, the neurosteroid can be pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the first composition can further comprise about 5 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone. In some aspects, the first composition can comprise about 5 mg, about 10 mg, about 20 mg, or about 40 mg of pregnenolone.

In some aspects, the first composition can be in the form of a sublingual tablet. In some aspects, the second composition comprising native testosterone in a form suitable for oral administration and lymphatic absorption can be a tablet or capsule.

In some aspects, the first composition can be administered sublingually. In some aspects, the second composition can be administered orally.

In some aspects, the method can further comprise administering a 5α-reductase inhibitor. In some aspects, the 5α-reductase inhibitor can be selected from the group consisting of flutamide, nilutamide, enzalutamide, bicalutamide, abiraterone, abiraterone acetate, orteronel, finasteride, dutasteride, bexlosteride, izonsteride, turosteride, episteride, dexamethasone, prednisone, leuprolide, goserelin, triptorelin, histrelin, estrogen, and combinations thereof. In some, the 5α-reductase inhibitor can be dutasteride. In some aspects, the method can comprise administering about 0.1 mg to about 5 mg of dutasteride.

EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

The present disclosure provides the additional embodiments:

(1) A composition for sublingual administration comprising:

- i) about 1 mg to about 80 mg of enclomiphene; and
- ii) about 1 mg to about 60 mg of pregnenolone.

(2) The composition of (1), comprising about 1.5 mg to about 50 mg of enclomiphene.

(3) The composition of (1) or (2), comprising about 2 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone.

(4) The composition of any one of (1)-(3), comprising about 6.25 mg of enclomiphene.

(5) The composition of any one of (1)-(3), comprising about 12.5 mg of enclomiphene.

(6) The composition of any one of (1)-(3), comprising about 25 mg of enclomiphene.

(7) The composition of any one of (1)-(6), comprising about 5 mg of pregnenolone.

(8) The composition of any one of (1)-(6), comprising about 10 mg of pregnenolone.

(9) The composition of any one of (1)-(6), comprising about 20 mg of pregnenolone.

(10) The composition of any one of (1)-(9), further comprising a filler.

(11) The composition of (10), wherein the filler comprises cellulose.

(12) The composition of any one of (1)-(11), further comprising a sweetener.

(13) The composition of (12), wherein the sweetener is a non-nutritive sweetener.

(14) The composition of (13), wherein the non-nutritive sweetener comprises a mixture of steviol glycosides.

(15) The composition of any one of (1)-(14), further comprising a flavoring agent.

(16) The composition of (15), wherein the flavoring agent is an orange flavoring agent.

(17) The composition of any one of (1)-(16), further comprising a lubricant.

(18) The composition of (17), wherein the lubricant is magnesium stearate.

(19) The composition of any one of (1)-(18), wherein the composition is in the form of a sublingual tablet.

(20) A method of increasing testosterone levels in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject the composition of any one of (1)-(19).

(21) A pharmaceutical combination, comprising:

- i) the composition of any one of (1)-(19); and
- ii) a second composition comprising testosterone in a form suitable for oral administration.

(22) The combination of (21), wherein the second composition comprising testosterone in a form suitable for oral administration is a tablet or capsule suitable for lymphatic absorption.

(23) The combination of (21) or (22), comprising about 100 mg to about 1,500 mg of testosterone.

(24) The combination of any one of (21)-(23), comprising about 200 mg to about 1,200 mg of testosterone.

(25) The combination of any one of (21)-(24), comprising about 200 mg of testosterone.

(26) The combination of any one of (21)-(24), comprising about 400 mg of testosterone.

(27) The combination of any one of (21)-(24), comprising about 600 mg of testosterone.

(28) The combination of any one of (21)-(24), comprising about 800 mg of testosterone.

(29) The combination of any one of (21)-(28), wherein the second composition comprises an oil.

(30) The combination of (29), wherein the oil comprises safflower oil.

(31) The combination of (29) or (30), wherein the second composition comprises a filler.

(32) The combination of (31), wherein the filler comprises cellulose.

(33) The combination of any one of (29)-(32), wherein the second composition comprises a lubricant.

(34) The combination of (33), wherein the lubricant is magnesium stearate.

(35) A method of increasing testosterone levels in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering the pharmaceutical combination of any one of (21)-(34).

(36) A pharmaceutical combination comprising:

- i) a first composition comprising a selective estrogen receptor modulator; and
- ii) a second composition comprising testosterone in a form suitable for oral administration.

(37) The combination of (36), wherein the selective estrogen receptor modulator is selected from the group consisting of clomiphene, enclomiphene, tamoxifen, toremifene, acolbifene, lasoxifene, bazedoxifene, droloxifene, raloxifene, metabolites thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof.

(38) The combination of (36) or (37), wherein the selective estrogen receptor modulator is enclomiphene.

(39) The combination of (38), comprising about 1 mg to about 80 mg of enclomiphene.

(40) The combination of (38) or (39), comprising about 2 mg to about 50 mg of enclomiphene.

(41) The combination of any one of (36)-(40), wherein the first composition further comprises a neurosteroid.

(42) The combination of (41), wherein the neurosteroid is selected from the group consisting of 25-hydroxycholesterol, 3α,5α-androstanediol, 3α,5β-androstanediol, androsterone, etiocholanolone, dihydrotestosterone, 3α-dihydroprogesterone, allopregnanediol, pregnanediol, pregnenolone, anicequol, estratetraenol, caprospinol, dehydroepiandrosterone, and combinations thereof.

(43) The combination of (41) or (42), wherein the neurosteroid is pregnenolone.

(44) The combination of (43), comprising about 1 mg to about 80 mg of pregnenolone.

(45) The combination of (43) or (44), comprising about 2 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone.

(46) The combination of any one of (36)-(45), wherein the first composition is in a form suitable for sublingual administration.

(47) The combination of (46), wherein the first composition is a sublingual tablet.

(48) The combination of any one of (36)-(47), wherein the second composition comprising testosterone is a tablet or capsule suitable for lymphatic absorption.

(49) The combination of any one of (36)-(48), comprising about 100 mg to about 1,500 mg of testosterone.

(50) The combination of any one of (36)-(49), comprising about 200 mg to about 1,200 mg of testosterone.

(51) The combination of any one of (36)-(50), comprising about 200 mg of testosterone.

(52) The combination of any one of (36)-(50), comprising about 400 mg of testosterone.

(53) The combination of any one of (36)-(50), comprising about 600 mg of testosterone.

(54) The combination of any one of (36)-(50), comprising about 800 mg of testosterone.

(55) The combination of any one of (36)-(54), further comprising a 5α-reductase inhibitor.

(56) The combination of (55), wherein the 5α-reductase inhibitor is dutasteride.

(57) The combination of any one of (36)-(56), further comprising an aromatase inhibitor.

(58) The combination of (57), wherein the aromatase inhibitor is anastrozole.

(59) A method of increasing testosterone levels in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering the pharmaceutical combination of any one of (36)-(58).

(60) A pharmaceutical combination comprising:

- i) a first composition comprising about 1 mg to about 50 mg of a selective estrogen receptor modulator; and
- ii) a second composition comprising about 100 mg to about 800 mg testosterone in a form suitable for oral administration.

(61) The combination of (60), wherein the selective estrogen receptor modulator is selected from the group consisting of clomiphene, enclomiphene, tamoxifen, toremifene, acolbifene, lasoxifene, bazedoxifene, droloxifene, raloxifene, metabolites thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof.

(62) The combination of (60) or (61), wherein the selective estrogen receptor modulator is enclomiphene or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

(63) The combination of (61) or (62), wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of enclomiphene is enclomiphene citrate.

(64) The combination of any one of (60)-(63), wherein the first composition comprises about 3 mg, about 3.125 mg, about 6.25 mg, about 12.5 mg, about 25 mg, or about 50 mg of the selective estrogen receptor modulator.

(65) The combination of any one of (60)-(64), wherein the second composition comprises about 200 mg, about 400 mg, about 600 mg, or about 800 mg of testosterone.

(66) The combination of any one of (60)-(65), wherein the first composition further comprises a neurosteroid.

(67) The combination of (66), wherein the neurosteroid is selected from the group consisting of 25-hydroxycholesterol, 3α,5α-androstanediol, 3α,5β-androstanediol, androsterone, etiocholanolone, dihydrotestosterone, 3α-dihydroprogesterone, allopregnanediol, pregnanediol, pregnenolone, anicequol, estratetraenol, caprospinol, dehydroepiandrosterone, and combinations thereof.

(68) The combination of (66) or (67), wherein the neurosteroid is pregnenolone.

(69) The combination of (68), wherein the first composition comprises about 5 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone.

(70) The combination of (68) or (69), wherein the first composition comprises about 5 mg, about 10 mg, about 20 mg, or about 40 mg of pregnenolone.

(71) The combination of any one of (60)-(70), wherein the first composition further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

(72) The combination of (71), wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient is selected from the group consisting of a filler, a sweetener, a flavoring agent, a lubricant, and combinations thereof.

(73) The combination of any one of (60)-(72), wherein the first composition is in the form of a sublingual tablet.

(74) The combination of any one of (60)-(73), wherein the second composition further comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

(75) The combination of (74), wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient is selected from the group consisting of an oil, a filler, a lubricant, and combinations thereof.

(76) The combination of any one of (60)-(75), wherein the second composition comprising testosterone in a form suitable for oral administration is a tablet or capsule.

(77) A pharmaceutical combination comprising:

- i) a first composition in a form suitable for sublingual administration comprising:
  - a) about 1 mg to about 50 mg of enclomiphene citrate;
  - b) cellulose;
  - c) a non-nutritive sweetener;
  - d) a flavoring agent; and
  - e) magnesium stearate;
- ii) at least one second composition in a form suitable for oral administration and lymphatic absorption comprising:
  - a) about 200 mg of native testosterone;
  - b) safflower oil;
  - c) cellulose; and
  - d) magnesium stearate.

(78) A pharmaceutical composition comprising:

- i) about 1 mg to about 50 mg of a selective estrogen receptor modulator; and
- ii) about 100 mg to about 800 mg of testosterone, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is suitable for oral administration, sublingual administration, or a combination thereof.

(79) The composition of (78), wherein the selective estrogen receptor modulator is selected from the group consisting of clomiphene, enclomiphene, tamoxifen, toremifene, acolbifene, lasoxifene, bazedoxifene, droloxifene, raloxifene, metabolites thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof.

(80) The composition of (78) or (79), wherein the selective estrogen receptor modulator is enclomiphene or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

(81) The composition of (79) or (80), wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of enclomiphene is enclomiphene citrate.

(82) The composition of any one of (78)-(81), comprising about 3 mg, about 3.125 mg, about 6.25 mg, about 12.5 mg, about 25 mg, or about 50 mg of the selective estrogen receptor modulator.

(83) The composition of any one of (78)-(82), comprising about 200 mg, about 400 mg, about 600 mg, or about 800 mg of testosterone.

(84) The composition of any one of (78)-(83), further comprising a neurosteroid.

(85) The composition of (84), wherein the neurosteroid is selected from the group consisting of 25-hydroxycholesterol, 3α,5α-androstanediol, 3α,5β-androstanediol, androsterone, etiocholanolone, dihydrotestosterone, 3α-dihydroprogesterone, allopregnanediol, pregnanediol, pregnenolone, anicequol, estratetraenol, caprospinol, dehydroepiandrosterone, and combinations thereof.

(86) The composition of (84) or (85), wherein the neurosteroid is pregnenolone.

(87) The composition of (86), comprising about 5 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone.

(88) The composition of (86) or (87), comprising about 5 mg, about 10 mg, about 20 mg, or about 40 mg of pregnenolone.

(89) The composition of any one of (78)-(88), further comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

(90) A method of increasing testosterone levels in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject:

- i) a first composition comprising about 1 mg to about 50 mg of a selective estrogen receptor modulator; and
- ii) a second composition comprising about 100 mg to about 800 mg testosterone in a form suitable for oral administration.

(91) The method of (90), wherein the subject is a human subject and administering the first and second compositions increases the subject's total testosterone level by about 100% compared to the subject's baseline total testosterone level.

(92) The method of (90) or (91), wherein the subject is a human subject and administering the first and second compositions maintains the subject's LH level at about 1.8 IU/L or more.

(93) The method of any one of (90)-(92), wherein the subject is a human subject and administering the first and second compositions maintains the subject's FSH level at about 1.5 IU/L or more.

(94) The method of any one of (90)-(93), wherein the selective estrogen receptor modulator is selected from the group consisting of clomiphene, enclomiphene, tamoxifen, toremifene, acolbifene, lasoxifene, bazedoxifene, droloxifene, raloxifene, metabolites thereof, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof.

(95) The method of any one of (90)-(94), wherein the selective estrogen receptor modulator is enclomiphene or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

(96) The method of (94) or (95), wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of enclomiphene is enclomiphene citrate.

(97) The method of any one of (90)-(96), wherein the first composition comprises about 3 mg, about 3.125 mg, about 6.25 mg, about 12.5 mg, about 25 mg, or about 50 mg of the selective estrogen receptor modulator.

(98) The method of any one of (90)-(97), wherein the second composition comprises about 200 mg, about 400 mg, about 600 mg, or about 800 mg of testosterone.

(99) The method of any one of (90)-(98), wherein the first composition further comprises a neurosteroid.

(100) The method of (99), wherein the neurosteroid is pregnenolone.

(101) The method of (100), wherein the first composition comprises about 5 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone.

(102) The method of (100) or (101), wherein the first composition comprises about 5 mg, about 10 mg, about 20 mg, or about 40 mg of pregnenolone.

(103) The method of any one of (90)-(102), wherein the first composition is in the form of a sublingual tablet.

(104) The method of any one of (90)-(103), wherein the second composition comprising testosterone in a form suitable for oral administration is a tablet or capsule.

(105) The method of any one of (90)-(104), wherein the first composition is administered sublingually.

(106) The method of any one of (90)-(105), wherein the second composition is administered orally.

(107) The method of any one of (90)-(106), further comprising administering about 0.1 mg to about 5 mg of dutasteride.

(108) A method of increasing testosterone levels in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject:

- i) a first composition in a form suitable for sublingual administration comprising:
  - a) about 1 mg to about 50 mg of enclomiphene citrate;
  - b) cellulose;
  - c) a non-nutritive sweetener;
  - d) a flavoring agent; and
  - e) magnesium stearate; and
- ii) at least one second composition in a form suitable for oral administration and lymphatic absorption comprising:
  - a) about 200 mg of native testosterone;
  - b) safflower oil;
  - c) cellulose; and
  - d) magnesium stearate.

(109) The method of (108), wherein the subject is a human subject and administering the first and second compositions increases the subject's total testosterone level by about 100% compared to the subject's baseline total testosterone level.

(110) The method of (108) or (109), wherein the subject is a human subject and administering the combination maintains the subject's LH level at about 1.8 IU/L or more.

(111) The method of any one of (108)-(110), wherein the subject is a human subject and administering the combination maintains the subject's FSH level at about 1.5 IU/L or more.

(112) The method of any one of (108)-(111), wherein the first composition comprises about 3 mg, about 3.125 mg, about 6.25 mg, about 12.5 mg, about 25 mg, or about 50 mg of the enclomiphene citrate.

(113) The method of any one of (108)-(112), wherein the second composition comprises about 200 mg, about 400 mg, about 600 mg, or about 800 mg of native testosterone.

(114) The method of any one of (108)-(113), wherein the first composition further comprises a neurosteroid.

(115) The method of (114), wherein the neurosteroid is pregnenolone.

(116) The method of (115), wherein the first composition comprises about 5 mg to about 40 mg of pregnenolone.

(117) The method of (115) or (116), wherein the first composition comprises about 5 mg, about 10 mg, about 20 mg, or about 40 mg of pregnenolone.

(118) The method of any one of (108)-(117), wherein the first composition is in the form of a sublingual tablet.

(119) The method of any one of (108)-(118), wherein the second composition comprising native testosterone in a form suitable for oral administration and lymphatic absorption is a tablet or capsule.

(120) The method of any one of (108)-(119), wherein the first composition is administered sublingually.

(121) The method of any one of (108)-(120), wherein the second composition is administered orally.

(122) The method of any one of (108)-(121), further comprising administering about 0.1 mg to about 5 mg of dutasteride.

EXAMPLES

These examples are provided for the purpose of illustration only and the embodiments described herein should in no way be construed as being limited to these examples. Rather, the embodiments should be construed to encompass any and all variations which become evident as a result of the teaching provided herein.

Example 1: Baseline Test

This example investigated the anti-suppressive properties of a SERM (enclomiphene) after administration of testosterone and enclomiphene.

Baseline hormone levels without any pharmacological intervention were measured to determine if testosterone, LH and FSH levels were maintained after the administration of testosterone and enclomiphene (see Table 1, n=1). Calculated free testosterone levels were 114 μg/mL.

TABLE 1

Baseline hormone levels

Result/Status
Cutoff/Expected Values

Endocrinology

Testosterone, Total
460.00
249.0-836.0
ng/dL

Serology

Estradiol
33.9
11.3-43.0
pg/mL

LH
5.6
1.7-8.6
mIU/mL

Prolactin
10.9
4.0-15.0
ng/mL

Cortisol
17.50

Morning
6.02-18.40
ug/dL

Afternoon:
2.68-10.50
ug/dL

SHBG
23.8
16.5-56.0
nmol/L

FSH
6.6

Adult Male:
1.5-12.4
mIU/mL

Example 2: Pre-TRT with 6.25 mg of Enclomiphene and 5 mg of LGD-4033

This example investigated the effects of co-administration of a SERM (enclomiphene) and a selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM) (LGD-4033) on endogenous testosterone, LH, and FSH production. LGD-4033 acted as an anabolic-androgenic steroid and suppressed the production of LH/FSH/testosterone.

Hormone levels were measured after co-administration of 6.25 mg of enclomiphene and 5 mg of LGD-4033. Total testosterone and LH levels remained at or above baseline levels while free testosterone and FSH levels remained elevated over the course of three subsequent tests (see Table 2, n=1).

TABLE 2

Hormone levels after 6.25 mg of

enclomiphene + 5 mg of LGD-4033

Total Testosterone:
437/594/641
ng/dL

Free Testosterone:
141.7/147.9/149
pg/mL

Estradiol:
21/32/24
pg/mL

LH:
5.7/5.7
IU/L

FSH:
8.4/9.3
IU/L

SHBG:
7/10/15
nmol/L

Example 3: Pre-TRT Experiment with 6.25 mg of Enclomiphene

This example investigated the effects of administering a SERM (enclomiphene) on endogenous testosterone, LH, and FSH production.

Hormone levels were measured after administration of 6.25 mg of enclomiphene (see Table 3, n=1). Calculated free testosterone levels were 197 μg/mL, a significant elevation from baseline (114 pg/mL, a 73% increase).

TABLE 3

Hormone levels after 6.25 mg of enclomiphene

Out of
Reference

Test Name
In Range
Range
Range
Lab

Testosterone, Free, Bioavailable and Total, MS

Albumin
4.6

3.6-5.1
g/dL
SLI

Sex Hormone
20

10-50
nmol/L
SLI

Binding Globulin

Testosterone, Free

and Bioavailable

Testosterone,

Bioavailable

Testosterone, Free
153.7

46.0-224.0
pg/mL

Testosterone,
322.9

110.0-575.0
ng/dL

Bioavailable

Testosterone, Total,
724

250-1100
ng/dL
SLI

MS

Example 4: TRT with 200 mg of Testosterone and 6.25 mg of Enclomiphene after 30 Days (+4 and +12 Hours)

This example investigated the anti-suppressive properties of a SERM (enclomiphene) after administration of testosterone and enclomiphene.

Hormone levels were measured after co-administration of 200 mg of testosterone and 6.25 mg of enclomiphene for 30 days. Testosterone concentration was measured at +4 hours and +12 hours after administration. Testosterone peaks between 3-5 hours and is generally out of the system within 12 hours (with acute suppression from baseline), as seen in FIG. 1. Testosterone concentration was measured at +4 hours after administration to capture the peak testosterone concentration (c_Max) and +12 hours after administration to capture the trough testosterone concentration (c_Min) to determine if endogenous testosterone suppression is prevented with the enclomiphene. Results (see Tables 4 and 5, n=1) showed a strong elevation in testosterone concentration at c_Max(total testosterone. 1500+, free testosterone: 505+), while LH and FSH were elevated above baseline (11 and 9.8). Even after the exogenous testosterone was out of the system (c_Min), total testosterone (565) and free testosterone (164) remained elevated. Even after the exogenous testosterone was out of the system (c_Min), exogenous testosterone was not suppressed as testosterone data alone predicted.

TABLE 4

Hormone levels at +4 hours after 200 mg of

testosterone + 6.25 mg of enclomiphene

Result/Status
Cutoff/Expected Values

Endocrinology

Testosterone,
1500.0
High
249.0-836.0
ng/dL

Total

Serology

Estradiol
35.5

11.3-43.0
pg/mL

LH
11.0
High
1.7-8.6
mIU/mL

Prolactin
3.8
Low
4.0-15.0
ng/mL

Cortisol
12.80

Morning
6.02-18.40
ug/dL

Afternoon:
2.68-10.50
ug/dL

SHBG
17.5

16.5-56.0
nmol/L

FSH
9.8

Adult Male:
1.5-12.4
mIU/mL

TABLE 5

Hormone levels at +12 hours after 200 mg of

testosterone + 6.25 mg of enclomiphene

Cutoff/

Result/Status
Expected Values

Endocrinology

Testosterone,
556.0

249.0-836.0
ng/dL

Total

Serology

Estradiol
34.5

11.3-43.0
pg/mL

LH
12.7
High
1.7-8.6
mIU/mL

Prolactin
19.8
High
4.0-15.0
ng/ml

Cortisol
16.10

Morning
6.02-18.40
ug/dL

Afternoon:
2.68-10.50
ug/dL

SHBG
17.5

16.5-56.0
nmol/L

FSH
9.7

Adult Male:
1.5-12.4
mIU/mL

Example 5: TRT with 200 mg of Testosterone BID+6.25 mg of Enclomiphene (+7.5 and +16 Hours)

This example investigated the anti-suppressive properties of a SERM (enclomiphene) after administration of testosterone and enclomiphene. This example also investigated whether a higher dosage of testosterone affected the anti-suppressive properties of enclomiphene.

Hormone levels were measured after co-administration of 200 mg of testosterone twice a day (BID) (200 mg at 8 AM and 200 mg at 4 PM) and 6.25 mg of enclomiphene. Testosterone concentration was measured at +7.5 hours, outside of the 3-5 hour peak window for testosterone, which resulted in lower testosterone levels than those seen in Example 4, despite the higher dosage (see Table 6, n=1). Testosterone concentration was also measured at +16 hours to see longer-term effects. Testosterone, LH, and FSH levels remained elevated above baseline, despite doubling the testosterone dosage, showing continued success at preventing suppression (see Table 7, n=1).

TABLE 6

Hormone levels at +7.5 hours after 200 mg of testosterone

BID + 6.25 mg of enclomiphene

Result/Status
Cutoff/Expected Values

Endocrinology

Testosterone, Total
663.0

249.0-836.0
ng/dL

Serology

Estradiol
24.5

11.3-43.0
pg/mL

LH
11.2
High
1.7-8.6
mIU/mL

Prolactin
9.4

4.0-15.0
ng/ml

SHBG
18.0

16.5-56.0
mmol/L

DHEA-S
539.0
High
89.0-492.0
ug/dL

FSH
8.4

TABLE 7

Hormone levels at +16 hours after 200 mg of testosterone

BID + 6.25 mg of enclomiphene

Cutoff/

Result/Status
Expected Values

Endocrinology

Testosterone,
716.0

249.0-836.0
ng/dL

Total

Serology

Estradiol
31.7

11.3-43.0
pg/mL

LH
14.1
High
1.7-8.6
mIU/mL

Prolactin
16.9
High
4.0-15.0
ng/ml

Cortisol
25.00

Morning
6.02-18.40
ug/dL

Afternoon:
2.68-10.50
ug/dL

SHBG
18.1

16.5-56.0
nmol/L

FSH
9.7

Adult Male:
1.5-12.4
mIU/mL

Example 6: TRT with 200 mg of Testosterone BID+3.125 mg of Enclomiphene (+4 and +20 Hours)

This example investigated the anti-suppressive properties of a SERM (enclomiphene) after administration of testosterone and enclomiphene. This example also investigated whether a lower dosage of enclomiphene affected its anti-suppressive properties.

Hormone levels were measured after co-administration of 200 mg of testosterone (BID) and 3.125 mg of enclomiphene. Testosterone concentration was measured at +4 and +20 hours. Testosterone, LH, and FSH levels remained slightly above baseline, but not as high as on the 6.25 mg dosage (see Tables 8 and 9, n=1).

TABLE 8

Hormone levels at +4 hours after 200 mg of testosterone

BID + 3.125 mg of enclomiphene

Cutoff/

Result/Status
Expected Values

Endocrinology

Testosterone,
1381.0
High
249.0-836.0
ng/dL

Total

Serology

Estradiol
31.7

11.3-43.0
pg/mL

LH
7.8

1.7-8.6
mIU/mL

Prolactin
5.4

4.0-15.0
ng/ml

Cortisol
10.50

Morning
6.02-18.40
ug/dL

Afternoon:
2.68-10.50
ug/dL

SHBG
17.7

16.5-56.0
nmol/L

FSH
7.4

Adult Male:
1.5-12.4
mIU/mL

TABLE 9

Hormone levels at +20 hours after 200 mg of testosterone

BID + 3.125 mg of enclomiphene

Result/Status
Cutoff/Expected Values

Endocrinology

Testosterone, Total
531.0

249.0-836.0
ng/dL

Serology

Estradiol
45.2
High
11.3-43.0
pg/mL

LH
9.5
High
1.7-8.6
mIU/mL

Prolactin
22.4
High
4.0-15.0
ng/ml

SHBG
19.3

16.5-56.0
mmol/L

DHEA-S
508.0
High
89.0-492.0
ug/dL

FSH
7.9

Adult Male:
1.5-12.4 mIU/mL

Example 7: TRT with 200 mg of Testosterone BID+10 mg of Toremifene (+4 and +20 Hours)

This example investigated the anti-suppressive properties of a SERM (toremifene) after administration of testosterone and toremifene.

Enclomiphene was replaced by toremifene to determine whether SERMs can prevent TRT-related suppression. Toremifene is less potent mg per mg, so triple the dosage was used. Hormone levels were measured after co-administration of 200 mg of testosterone (BID) and 10 mg of toremifene. Testosterone concentration was measured at +4 and +20 hours. The +4 hour test had an insufficient quantity of blood, so only testosterone was tested. The +20 hour test showed that testosterone, LH, and FSH was still maintained above baseline (see Tables 10 and 11, n=1).

TABLE 10

Hormone levels at +4 hours after 200 mg of testosterone

BID + 10 mg of toremifene

Cutoff/

Result/Status
Expected Values

Endocrinology

Testosterone,
1500.0
High
249.0-836.0
ng/dL

Total

Serology

Estradiol
—
QNS
11.3-43.0
pg/mL

LH
—
QNS
1.7-8.6
mIU/mL

Prolactin
—
QNS
4.0-15.0
ng/ml

Cortisol
—
QNS

Morning
6.02-18.40
ug/dL

Afternoon:
2.68-10.50
ug/dL

SHBG
—
QNS
16.5-56.0
nmol/L

FSH
—
QNS

Adult Male:
1.5-12.4
mIU/mL

TABLE 11

Hormone levels at +20 hours after 200 mg of

testosterone BID + 10 mg of toremifene

Result/Status
Cutoff/Expected Values

Endocrinology

Testosterone, Total
502.0

249.0-836.0
ng/dL

Serology

Estradiol
31.3

11.3-43.0
pg/mL

LH
7.7

1.7-8.6
mIU/mL

Prolactin
14.4

4.0-15.0
ng/ml

Cortisol
17.30

Morning
6.02-18.40 ug/dL

Afternoon:
2.68-10.50 ug/dL

SHBG
14.9
Low
16.5-56.0
nmol/L

FSH
8.0

Example 8: TRT with 400 mg of Testosterone BID+10 mg of Toremifene (+4 and +18 Hours)

This example investigated the anti-suppressive properties of a SERM (toremifene) after administration of testosterone and toremifene. This example also investigated whether a higher dosage of testosterone affected the anti-suppressive properties of toremifene.

Hormone levels were measured after co-administration of 400 mg of testosterone (BID) (400 mg at 8 AM and 400 mg at 4 PM) and 10 mg of toremifene. Testosterone concentration was measured at +4 and +18 hours. Testosterone, LH, and FSH levels remained stable although the +18 hour levels were slightly suppressed due to sleep deprivation (4 hours of sleep prior to the test) and not pharmacology (see Tables 12 and 13, n=1). No endogenous testosterone suppression occurred after 3 months of consecutive TRT administration, suggesting an effective long-term treatment.

TABLE 12

Hormone levels at +4 hours after 400 mg of testosterone

BID + 10 mg of toremifene

Cutoff/

Result/Status
Expected Values

Endocrinology

Testosterone,
1329.0
High
249.0-836.0
ng/dL

Total

Serology

Estradiol
19.3

11.3-43.0
pg/mL

LH
9.1
High
1.7-8.6
mIU/mL

Prolactin
6.8

4.0-15.0
ng/ml

Cortisol
11.0

Morning
6.02-18.40
ug/dL

Afternoon:
2.68-10.50
ug/dL

SHBG
13.9
Low
16.5-56.0
nmol/L

FSH
5.7

Adult Male:
1.5-12.4
mIU/mL

TABLE 13

Hormone levels at +18 hours after 400 mg of

testosterone BID + 10 mg of toremifene

Cutoff/

Result/Status
Expected Values

Endocrinology

Testosterone,
374.0

249.0-836.0
ng/dL

Total

Serology

Estradiol
<15.0

11.3-43.0
pg/mL

LH
3.9

1.7-8.6
mIU/mL

Prolactin
5.3

4.0-15.0
ng/mL

Cortisol
14.00

Morning
6.02-18.40
ug/dL

Afternoon:
2.68-10.50
ug/dL

SHBG
14.0
Low
16.5-56.0
nmol/L

FSH
5.0

Adult Male:
1.5-12.4
mIU/mL

Example 9: Hormone Levels Once TRT with 200 mg of Testosterone BID+10 mg of Toremifene Cycle Concluded

This example investigated whether endogenous hormone levels would return to baseline levels upon conclusion of a 2 month cycle.

Hormone levels were measured after the 2 month cycle of testosterone (BID) and 10 mg of toremifene concluded. No testosterone suppression occurred after cycle conclusion of testosterone and toremifene. Total and free testosterone levels were normal/slightly above baseline since toremifene has a longer half-life, so it was not completely out of the system (see Table 14, n=1).

TABLE 14

Hormone levels after TRT with 200 mg of testosterone

BID + 10 mg of toremifene (cycle conclusion)

Test Name
Result
Reference Range
Lab

Testosterone, Free, Bioavailable and

Total, Males (Adult), Immunoassay

Testosterone, Total, Males
565
250-827
ng/dL
EN

(Adult), 1A

Albumin
4.9
3.6-5.1
g/dL
EN

Sex Hormone Binding Globulin
14
10-50
nmol/L
EN

Testosterone, Free
136.8
46.0-224.0
pg/mL
EN

Testosterone, Bioavailable
305.2
110.0-575.0
ng/dL
EN

Estradiol, Ultrasensitive,
27
<OR = 29 pg/mL
EZ

LC/MS

Example 10: TRT with 200-600 mg Testosterone+30 g Fat+3.125 mg, 6.25 mg, or 12.5 mg Enclomiphene (+4 Hours)

This example investigated the anti-suppressive properties of a SERM (enclomiphene) after administration of oral testosterone, fat, and enclomiphene.

Hormone levels were measured before and after co-administration of 200-600 mg of testosterone, 30 g of fat (included for optimal lymphatic absorption), and 3.125 mg, 6.25 mg, or 12.5 mg of enclomiphene. See FIGS. 4 to 9 for baseline hormone levels. Testosterone concentration was measured at +4 hours. Testosterone, LH, and FSH levels showed that the 200-600 mg doses of testosterone were less effective at consistently elevating testosterone levels compared to the standardized 800 mg dose of testosterone (see Table 15, n=24). See FIGS. 2 and 3 for compiled post treatment hormone levels for examples 10 to 13.

TABLE 15

Hormone levels at +4 hours after 200-600 mg of testosterone +

30 g of fat + 3.125 mg, 6.25 mg, or 12.5 mg enclomiphene

Average

Change
Relative

from
Change from

Parameter
Mean (SD)
Baseline
Baseline
p-value

Total T (ng/dl)

Baseline
442.0
(238.1)

Post Treatment
856.6
(311.1)
414.6
169.40%
p < 0.025

Free T (pg/mL)

Baseline
91.4
(42.4)

Post Treatment
232.3
(99.3)
140.9
227.20%
p < 0.025

LH (IU/L)

Baseline
4.3
(1.9)

Post Treatment
7.0
(4.9)
2.7
76.90%
p < 0.025

FSH (IU/L)

Baseline
4.9
(3.2)

Post Treatment
5.4
(8.8)
0.5
13.20%
p = 0.1

E2 (pg/mL)

Baseline
26.1
(11.2)

Post Treatment
27.5
(8.3)
1.4
15.90%
p = 0.19

SHBG (nmol/L)

Baseline
32.5
(16.1)

Post Treatment
26.3
(9.9)
−6.2
−10.60%
p < 0.025

Example 11: TRT with 800 mg Testosterone+3.125 mg, 6.25 mg, or 12.5 mg Enclomiphene (+4 Hours, Fasting)

This example investigated the anti-suppressive properties of a SERM (enclomiphene) after administration of oral testosterone and enclomiphene under fasted conditions.

Hormone levels were measured before and after co-administration of 800 mg of testosterone and 3.125 mg, 6.25 mg, or 12.5 mg of enclomiphene. See FIGS. 10 to 15 for baseline hormone levels. Testosterone concentration was measured at +4 hours. Testosterone, LH, and FSH levels showed that testosterone levels might have been artificially elevated due to the protocol instructing participants to eat only 1 hour after dosing. Participants who reported fasting for over 3 hours post-dosing had on average testosterone levels below 600 ng/dL, indicating the substantial impact of fasting and the timing of fat consumption on treatment efficacy (see Table 16, n=19). See FIGS. 2 and 3 for compiled post treatment hormone levels for examples 10 to 13.

TABLE 16

Hormone levels at +4 hours after 800 mg of testosterone +

3.125 mg, 6.25 mg, or 12.5 mg enclomiphene (fasting)

Average

Change
Relative

from
Change from

Parameter
Mean (SD)
Baseline
Baseline
p-value

Total T (ng/dl)

Baseline
437.5
(2.0)

Post Treatment
1099.1
(372.6)
661.6
262.9%
p < 0.025

Free T (pg/mL)

Baseline
88.5
(43.8)

Post Treatment
309.3
(130.6)
220.8
377.6%
p < 0.025

LH (IU/L)

Baseline
4.2
(2.0)

Post Treatment
5.9
(2.3)
1.7
71.1%
p < 0.025

FSH (IU/L)

Baseline
4.5
(3.0)

Post Treatment
4.4
(2.1)
0.1
9.7%
p = 0.29

E2 (pg/mL)

Baseline
27.3
(12.1)

Post Treatment
24.6
(8.3)
−2.7
−0.5%
p = 0.68

SHBG (nmol/L)

Baseline
55.0
(15.8

Post Treatment
25.3
(9.3)
−29.7
−14.4%
p < 0.025

Example 12: TRT with 800 mg Testosterone+30 g Fat+3.125 mg, 6.25 mg, or 12.5 mg Enclomiphene (+1 Hour)

This example investigated the anti-suppressive properties of a SERM (enclomiphene) after administration of oral testosterone, fat, and enclomiphene.

Hormone levels were measured before and after co-administration of 800 mg of testosterone, 30 g of fat, and 3.125 mg, 6.25 mg, or 12.5 mg of enclomiphene. See FIGS. 16 to 21 for baseline hormone levels. Testosterone concentration was measured at +1 hour. Testosterone, LH, and FSH levels showed lower increases in testosterone levels compared to the 4-hour tests. Total testosterone increased by an average of 415.4 ng/dL (182.1% relative change), and free testosterone increased by an average of 135.5 pg/mL (240.3% relative change) (see Table 17, n=18). See FIGS. 2 and 3 for compiled post treatment hormone levels for examples 10 to 13.

TABLE 17

Hormone levels at +1 hour after 800 mg of testosterone + 30

g of fat + 3.125 mg, 6.25 mg, or 12.5 mg enclomiphene

Average

Change
Relative

from
Change from

Parameter
Mean (SD)
Baseline
Baseline
p-value

Total T (ng/dL)

Baseline
441.7
(269.4)

Post Treatment
857.1
(297.8)
415.4
182.1%
p < 0.025

Free T (pg/mL)

Baseline
84.1
(41.9)

Post Treatment
219.6
(80.0)
135.5
240.3%
p < 0.025

LH (IU/L)

Baseline
3.8
(1.4)

Post Treatment
6.8
(3.5)
3.0
91.6%
p < 0.025

FSH (IU/L)

Baseline
4.1
(1.5)

Post Treatment
4.8
(1.9)
0.7
23.9%
p = 0.028

E2 (pg/mL)

Baseline
28.2
(12.0)

Post Treatment
20.7
(5.3)
−7.5
−18.5%
p = 0.998

SHBG (nmol/L)

Baseline
35.8
(18.1)

Post Treatment
26.1
(10.9)
−9.7
−16.4%
p < 0.025