120A, every other row of a respective color (red, green, or blue) is activated (or deactivated) resulting in half of the RGB pixel being activated (or deactivated) (e.g., in the mid-gray 120 portion of the display of the electronic device 102). It should be appreciated that, as shown, the Bayer matrix dithering threshold map 120A (e.g., representing the mid-gray 120 color) all three RGB channels are set to a level of 0.5, translating to half of the pixels in each channel being set to a level of 1 and half being set to a level of 0. In addition, the arrangement depicted by the Bayer matrix dithering threshold map 120A produces (or renders) a more uniform representation of the mid-gray 120 color because the high contrast pattern (e.g., activated vs deactivated pixels) is uniformly scattered (or distributed). In some examples, a gray color may have a saturation measure equal to 0% (or any other value). It should be appreciated that, in some examples, a gray color may be produced by lowering the saturation measure and altering one or more of the RGB color values to render a color perceivable by a user as gray on a display while maintaining a non-zero saturation value.

It will be understood that the electronic device 102 may produce (or render) any or all gray colors (e.g., of the RGB color model) by utilizing a respective gray value set (e.g., as described above and shown in Table B) for a respective gray color and by utilizing, at least in part, the Bayer matrix dithering threshold map 120A (and/or variable gray levels) as described herein.

In the depicted example, the rose 122 color and the orange 124 color may represent tertiary colors (e.g., tertiary RGB colors). It will be understood that other tertiary colors and/or higher order colors (e.g., within the RGB color model) may be produced (or rendered) using operations similar to those described herein for producing (or rendering) the orange 124 color. The electronic device 102 may render one or more tertiary (or higher order) colors (e.g., rose 122, orange 124, violet, azure, spring green, chartreuse-green, etc.) by partially activating and/or partially deactivating the red, green, and/or blue pixels on at least a portion of the display. For example, the electronic device 102 may render the orange 124 color (e.g., represented by {1, 0.5, 0} or {255, 127, 0}) by activating the red pixels, activating half of the green pixels, and deactivating the blue pixels on a respective portion of the display. Table C, as shown below, provides, at least in part, a list of the tertiary colors and the combination of RGB pixels that represent each tertiary color.

TABLE C

Tertiary Color
{R, G, B}

Rose
{1, 0, 0.5} or {255, 0, 127}

Violet
{0.5, 0, 1} or { 127, 0, 255}

Azure
{0, 0.5, 1} or {0, 127, 255}

Spring Green
{0, 1, 0.5} or {0, 255, 127}

Chartreuse-Green
{0.5, 1, 0} or {127, 255, 0}

Orange
{1, 0.5, 0} or {255, 127, 0}

It will be understood that the tertiary colors shown in Table C are non-limiting examples for illustrative purposes and to facilitate clearer description of the example graphical scenarios. Accordingly, Table C should not be interpreted as representing a complete list of higher order colors (e.g., within the RGB color model) unless specifically stated otherwise, or otherwise understood within the context of a given example.

As shown, the electronic device 102 may receive data (e.g., a video frame, an e-magazine, a graphical user interface, etc.) instructing the electronic device 102 to render, among other colors, the orange 124 color. In such examples, the electronic device 102 may determine, based on the data, to render the orange 124 color on a portion of the RGB display, as shown. Because tertiary (or higher order) colors cannot be produced (or rendered), at least in part, by fully activating or deactivating the RGB pixels (as described above for the binary colors), the electronic device 102 may use one or more dithering techniques, as described herein, to produce (or render), at least in part, the tertiary (or higher order) colors. In some examples, the electronic device 102 may select, based on an indication of the orange 124 color in the received data, an alternating dithering threshold map (e.g., the alternating dithering threshold map 300 as described below in connection with FIG. 3) indicating a pattern of alternating threshold values to activate based on the respective RGB values of a respective tertiary color value set. An alternating dithering threshold map (e.g., the alternating dithering threshold map 300 and/or the like as described herein) may comprise a matrix divisible by 3. For example, an alternating dithering threshold map may comprise at least one of a 3×3 matrix, 9×9 matrix, and/or any other matrix divisible by 3. In some examples, the alternating dithering threshold map (e.g., the alternating dithering threshold map 300 and/or the like as described herein) may comprise a matrix divisible by 3 and a power of 2 (i.e., 2ⁿ). For example, an alternating dithering threshold map may comprise at least one of a 6×6 matrix, 12×12 matrix, and/or any other matrix divisible by 3 and a power of 2.

In some examples, the electronic device 102 may select, based on an indication of the orange 124 color in the received data, a tertiary color value set comprising a red value, a green value, and a blue value (e.g., the tertiary color value set for orange, as shown in Table C, being {1, 0.5, 0} or {255, 127, 0}). In addition, the electronic device 102 may map the RGB values (e.g., of a tertiary color value set) representing the orange 124 color to a pixel set of a portion of the display (e.g., based on a location indicated by the data) using the alternating dithering threshold map. In some examples, a pixel set may comprise one or more pixels, for instance, a pixel set may comprise a single pixel. As shown, the electronic device 102 may activate (e.g., based on the tertiary value set for the orange 124 color and the alternating dithering threshold map) a portion of the RGB pixels (e.g., as depicted by the activated/deactivated pixels in the alternating dithering threshold map 124A comprising a pixel set (e.g., the pixel set 502 described below in connection with FIG. 5) representing the orange 124 color) to produce (or render) the orange 124 color on the respective portion of the display. As depicted by the alternating dithering threshold map 124A, the diagonal rows of red pixels are fully activated, the diagonal rows of green pixels are partially activated (e.g., half of the green pixels are activated/deactivated), and the diagonal rows of blue pixels are fully deactivated causing rendering of the orange 124 color on the orange 124 portion of the display of the electronic device 102. It should be appreciated that, in the alternating dithering threshold map 124A, the green pixels in the diagonal rows of green pixels alternate between being activated and deactivated as will be described in further detail below in connection with FIG. 2.

It will be understood that the electronic device 102 may produce (or render) any or all tertiary (or higher order) colors (e.g., of the RGB color model) by utilizing a respective value set (e.g., as described above and shown in Table C) for a respective tertiary (or higher order) color and by utilizing, at least in part, the Bayer matrix dithering threshold map, an alternating dithering threshold map, a color filter array map, and/or the like as described herein.

Now that an example system for using multiple threshold maps for color dithering has been described above with reference to FIG. 1, an example system utilizing multiple threshold maps to produce an example orange color will now be described below with reference to FIG. 2.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example system utilizing multiple threshold maps to produce an example orange color, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. As shown, the system 200 may comprise, at least in part, the system 100 as described above in connection with FIG. 1. The system 200, as shown, may comprise the electronic device 202 configured with control logic (e.g., as described below in connection with FIG. 7) to utilize multiple threshold maps for color dithering in order to produce (or render) at least one color (e.g., orange) with at least one texture appearance. In some examples, the electronic device 202 may comprise, at least in part, one or more of the electronic device 102 (as described above in connection with FIG. 1), the electronic device 402 (as described below in connection with FIG. 4), and/or the electronic device 600 (as described below in connection with FIG. 6).

In the depicted example, the electronic device 202 is illustrated in two states including a first state 202A and a second state 202B as described below. In the first state 202A, the electronic device 202 is configured (e.g., by control logic, etc.) to produce (or render) an orange 204 color with a fine texture 204A appearance. In some such examples, the electronic device 202 may receive data indicating the orange 204 color and the fine texture 204A appearance. For example, the user 208 may select a pen color (e.g., orange, etc.) and a texture type (e.g., fine texture, reduced texture, etc.) for use with a stylus pen in order to draw or write on the display of the electronic device 202. The electronic device 202 may select a tertiary color value set representative of the orange 204 color and select, based on the selected texture type, an alternating dithering threshold map configured to produce (or render) the selected texture type. For example, the electronic device 202 may utilize a lookup table (or the like) to determine that in order to produce (or render) the fine texture 204A appearance with the orange 204 color, the electronic device 202 may utilize an alternating dithering threshold map (e.g., the alternating dithering threshold map 300 as shown in FIG. 3 and/or the like as described herein) with the tertiary color value set representative of the orange 204 color. As shown, the electronic device 202 produces (or renders) the orange 204 color with the fine texture 204A appearance by activating/deactivating the RGB pixels based on the alternating dithering threshold map 204B (e.g., comprising a pixel set (e.g., the pixel set 502 described below in connection with FIG. 5) representing the orange 204 color and the fine texture 204A appearance). In some examples, the alternating dithering threshold map 204B may be the same as, or similar to, the alternating dithering threshold map 124A described above in connection with FIG. 1.

In the second state 202B, the electronic device 202 is configured (e.g., by control logic, etc.) to produce (or render) an orange 206 color with a coarse texture 206A appearance. It should be appreciated that the orange 206 color may be the orange 204 color with a different texture appearance. In the second state 202B, the electronic device 202 may receive data indicating the orange 206 color and the coarse texture 206A appearance. For example, the user 208 may select a pen color (e.g., orange, etc.) and a texture type (e.g., coarse texture, etc.) for use with a stylus pen in order to draw or write on the display of the electronic device 202. The electronic device 202 may select a tertiary color value set representative of the orange 206 color. It should be appreciated that, in some examples, a single tertiary color value set may be representative of the orange 204 color and the orange 206 color. The electronic device 202 may select, based on the selected texture type, a Bayer matrix dithering threshold map configured to produce (or render) the selected texture type. For example, the electronic device 202 may utilize a lookup table (or the like) to determine that in order to produce (or render) the coarse texture 206A appearance with the orange 206 color, the electronic device 202 may utilize a Bayer matrix dithering threshold map (e.g., the Bayer matrix dithering threshold map 120A as shown in FIG. 1 and/or the like as described herein) with the tertiary color value set representative of the orange 206 color. As shown, the electronic device 202 produces (or renders) the orange 206 color with the coarse texture 206A appearance by activating/deactivating the RGB pixels based on the Bayer matrix dithering threshold map 206B (e.g., comprising a pixel set representing the orange 206 color and the coarse texture 206A appearance). In some examples, the orange 204 color and/or the orange 206 color may be the same as, or similar to, the orange 124 color described above in connection with FIG. 1. In some examples, the Bayer matrix dithering threshold map 206B may be the same as, or similar to, the Bayer matrix dithering threshold map 120A described above in connection with FIG. 1.

It will be understood that, as shown, in the alternating dithering threshold map 204B half of the green pixels are activated in each of the diagonal rows of green pixels resulting in smaller groups of black pixels (e.g., than in the Bayer matrix dithering threshold map 206B) which may, at least in part, result in the fine texture 204A appearance. In addition, as shown, in the Bayer matrix dithering threshold map 206B half of the diagonal rows of green pixels are activated and half of the diagonal rows of green pixels are deactivated. It should be appreciated that in the Bayer matrix dithering threshold map 206B the diagonal rows of deactivated green pixels adjacent the diagonal rows of deactivated blue pixels result in larger groups of black pixels (e.g., than in the alternating dithering threshold map 204B) which may, at least in part, result in the coarse texture 206A appearance.

Now that an example system utilizing multiple threshold maps to produce an example orange color has been described above with reference to FIG. 2, an example alternating dithering threshold map will now be described below with reference to FIG. 3.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example alternating dithering threshold map, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. As shown, the alternating dithering threshold map 300 may comprise a plurality of threshold activation values comprising a respective threshold activation value for each respective pixel. In the depicted example, a respective threshold activation value may be 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, or 1. For example, the blue pixel 302 has a threshold activation value of 0.5, the green pixel 304 has a threshold activation value of 1, and the red pixel 306 has a threshold activation value of 0.75. In some examples, a respective threshold activation value for a respective pixel may comprise any value between 0 and 1, for instance, a respective threshold activation value may be 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1 or any other number. As shown, in the depicted example, the threshold activation values alternate within a respective diagonal row of pixels (e.g., a diagonal row of red, green, or blue pixels) in a pattern (e.g., from the bottom left to the top right of 1, 0.5, 0.75, and 0.25). In other examples, the alternating dithering threshold map 300 (or the like) may be configured with other patterns of threshold activation values.

In some examples, an electronic device (e.g., electronic device 102, etc.) may use the alternating dithering threshold map 300 with a respective color value set in order to produce (or render) a respective color on a display (e.g., the mid-gray 404 color as described below in connection with FIG. 4). For instance, an electronic device may receive an input (e.g., data, instructions, etc.) to render the color orange (e.g., the orange 124 color as described above in connection with FIG. 1, the orange 204 as described above in connection with FIG. 2) on a display. In such examples, the electronic device may map the plurality of threshold activation values of the alternating dithering threshold map 300 to the pixels of at least a portion of the display. In addition, the electronic device may activate any or all pixels that have (e.g., are assigned, associated with, etc.) a threshold activation value equal to, or less than, a respective value of the color value set (e.g., the tertiary color value set for orange, such as {1, 0.5, 0} or {255, 127, 0}.

For instance, in the orange color value set the red value is equal to 1 and, in such examples, all of the red pixels (e.g., the red pixel 306, etc.) would be activated because all of the red pixels have a threshold activation value equal to, or less than, 1, as shown in the alternating dithering threshold map 300. In addition, in the orange color value set the green value is equal to 0.5 and, in such examples, half of the green pixels (e.g., the green pixel 304, etc.) would be deactivated because half of the green pixels have a threshold activation value greater than 0.5, as shown in the alternating dithering threshold map 300. For example, the green pixels with a threshold activation of 0.75 and 1 would be deactivated and the green pixels with a threshold activation of 0.25 and 0.5 would be activated. Moreover, in the orange color value set the blue value is equal to 0 and, in such examples, all of the blue pixels (e.g., the blue pixel 302, etc.) would be deactivated because all of the blue pixels have a threshold activation value greater than 0, as shown in the alternating dithering threshold map 300. As shown, the alternating dithering threshold map 300 (and/or the like as described herein) may comprise at least one matrix divisible by 3 as described herein.

Now that an example tertiary color dithering threshold map has been described above with reference to FIG. 3, an example system utilizing multiple threshold maps to produce an example mid-gray color will now be described below with reference to FIG. 4.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example system utilizing multiple threshold maps to produce an example mid-gray color, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. As shown, the system 400 may comprise, at least in part, the system 100 as described above in connection with FIG. 1 and/or the system 200 as described above in connection with FIG. 2. The system 400, as shown, may comprise the electronic device 402 configured with control logic (e.g., as described below in connection with FIG. 7) to utilize multiple threshold maps for color dithering in order to produce (or render) at least one color (e.g., mid-gray) with at least one texture appearance. In some examples, the electronic device 402 may comprise, at least in part, one or more of the electronic device 102 (as described above in connection with FIG. 1), the electronic device 202 (as described above in connection with FIG. 2), and/or the electronic device 600 (as described below in connection with FIG. 6).

In the depicted example, the electronic device 202 is illustrated in two states including a first state 402A and a second state 402B as described below. In the first state 402A, the electronic device 402 is configured (e.g., by control logic, etc.) to produce (or render) a mid-gray 404 color with a first coarse texture 404A appearance. In some such examples, the electronic device 402 may receive data indicating the mid-gray 404 color and the first coarse texture 404A appearance. For example, the user 408 may select a font color (e.g., mid-gray, etc.) and a texture type (e.g., the first coarse texture 404A, etc.) for use with a word processor in order to take notes on the electronic device 402. The electronic device 402 may select a gray value set representative of the mid-gray 404 color and select, based on the selected texture type, an alternating dithering threshold map configured to produce (or render) the selected texture type. For example, the electronic device 402 may utilize a lookup table (or the like) to determine that in order to produce (or render) the first coarse texture 404A appearance with the mid-gray 404 color, the electronic device 402 may utilize an alternating dithering threshold map (e.g., the alternating dithering threshold map 300 as shown in FIG. 3 and/or the like as described herein) with the gray value set representative of the mid-gray 404 color. As shown, the electronic device 402 produces (or renders) the mid-gray 404 color with the first coarse texture 404A appearance by activating/deactivating the RGB pixels based on the alternating dithering threshold map 404B (e.g., comprising a pixel set representing the mid-gray 404 color and the first coarse texture 404A appearance). In some examples, the alternating dithering threshold map 404B may be the same as, or similar to, the alternating dithering threshold map 300 described above in connection with FIG. 3.

In the second state 402B, the electronic device 402 is configured (e.g., by control logic, etc.) to produce (or render) a mid-gray 406 color with a second coarse texture 406A appearance. It should be appreciated that the mid-gray 406 color may be the mid-gray 404 color with a different texture appearance. In the second state 402B, the electronic device 402 may receive data indicating the mid-gray 406 color and the second coarse texture 406A appearance. For example, the user 408 may select a font color (e.g., mid-gray, etc.) and a texture type (e.g., the second coarse texture 406A, etc.) for use with a word processor in order to take notes on the electronic device 402. The electronic device 402 may select a gray value set representative of the mid-gray 406 color. It should be appreciated that, in some examples, a single gray value set may be representative of the mid-gray 404 color and the mid-gray 406 color. The electronic device 402 may select, based on the selected texture type, a Bayer matrix dithering threshold map configured to produce (or render) the selected texture type. For example, the electronic device 402 may utilize a lookup table (or the like) to determine that in order to produce (or render) the second coarse texture 406A appearance with the mid-gray 406 color, the electronic device 402 may utilize a Bayer matrix dithering threshold map (e.g., the Bayer matrix dithering threshold map 120A as shown in FIG. 1 and/or the like as described herein) with the gray value set representative of the mid-gray 406 color. As shown, the electronic device 402 produces (or renders) the mid-gray 406 color with the second coarse texture 406A appearance by activating/deactivating the RGB pixels based on the Bayer matrix dithering threshold map 406B (e.g., comprising a pixel set representing the mid-gray 406 color and the second coarse texture 406A appearance). In some examples, the mid-gray 404 color and/or the mid-gray 406 color may be the same as, or similar to, the mid-gray 120 color described above in connection with FIG. 1. In some examples, the Bayer matrix dithering threshold map 406B may be the same as, or similar to, the Bayer matrix dithering threshold map 120A described above in connection with FIG. 1.

It will be understood that, as shown, in the alternating dithering threshold map 404B half of the pixels are activated in each of the diagonal rows of pixels resulting in groups of black pixels which may, at least in part, result in the first coarse texture 404A appearance. In addition, as shown, in the Bayer matrix dithering threshold map 406B half of the diagonal rows of pixels are activated and half of the diagonal rows of pixels are deactivated. It should be appreciated that in the Bayer matrix dithering threshold map 406B the diagonal rows of deactivated pixels alternate with the diagonal rows of activated pixels which may, at least in part, result in the second coarse texture 406A appearance. It should be appreciated that, in some examples, because the black pixels are more evenly disbursed in the Bayer matrix dithering threshold map 406B than in the alternating dithering threshold map 404B, the second coarse texture 406A may have a reduced texture appearance than the first coarse texture 404A. As shown, the alternating dithering threshold map 404B (and/or the like as described herein) may comprise at least one matrix divisible by 3.

Now that an example system utilizing multiple threshold maps to produce an example mid-gray color has been described above with reference to FIG. 4, example pixel sets utilizing dithering threshold maps will now be described below with reference to FIG. 5.

FIG. 5 illustrates example pixel sets utilizing dithering threshold maps, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. As shown, the plurality of pixel sets 500 comprises a pixel set 502 and a pixel set 504. In some examples, an electronic device may be configured with one or more of a dithering threshold map (e.g., the alternating dithering threshold map 124A, the alternating dithering threshold map 300, the Bayer matrix dithering threshold map 120A, and/or the like) in order to produce at least one of the plurality of pixel sets 500.

The pixel set 502, as shown, may be configured using an alternating dithering threshold map (e.g., the alternating dithering threshold map 124A, the alternating dithering threshold map 204B, or the like described herein) in order to represent an orange color (e.g., {1, 0.5, 0}, orange 124, orange 204, or the like as described herein). In the depicted example, the pixel set 502 may utilize an alternating dithering threshold map. As shown, all of the red pixels are fully activated with 100% brightness (or intensity), half of the green pixels are fully activated with 100% brightness (or intensity), half of the green pixels are fully deactivated with 0% brightness (or intensity), and all of the blue pixels are fully deactivated with 0% brightness (or intensity). It should be appreciated that in the pixel set 502 a respective pixel is either fully activated or fully deactivated. In such examples, the electronic device may support two gray levels (e.g., intensity values, brightness levels, etc.) such as {Off=0, On=1}. As shown, the alternating dithering threshold map 204B (and/or the like as described herein) may comprise at least one matrix divisible by 3.

The pixel set 504, as shown, may be configured using an alternating dithering threshold map (e.g., the alternating dithering threshold map 300, or the like as described herein) in order to represent an amber or a golden yellow color (e.g., {1, 0.75, 0}). In the depicted example, the pixel set 504 may utilize an alternating dithering threshold map. As shown, all of the red pixels are fully activated with 100% brightness (or intensity), 75% of the green pixels are fully activated with 100% brightness (or intensity), 25% of the green pixels are fully deactivated with 0% brightness (or intensity), and all of the blue pixels are fully deactivated with 0% brightness (or intensity). It should be appreciated that in the pixel set 504 a respective pixel is either fully activated or fully deactivated. In such examples, the electronic device may support two gray levels (e.g., intensity values, brightness levels, etc.) such as {Off=0, On=1}.

Now that various example systems and dithering threshold maps have been described above, a block diagram for an example electronic device will now be described below with reference to FIG. 6.

FIG. 6 illustrates a block diagram for an example electronic device, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. The electronic device 600, as shown, comprises the processor(s) 602, memory 604, network interface(s) 606, and graphics circuit 608. The graphics circuit 608 (e.g., graphics chip, SoC, integrated circuit, graphics card, etc.), as shown, may comprise at least one Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), such as GPU(s) 610. In some examples, the graphics circuit 608 may further comprise dedicated memory and/or may leverage the memory 604. In some examples, the GPU(s) 610 (and/or the like) may comprise one or more features and/or aspects (e.g., multiple processors, multiple cores, cores of different types, etc.) described herein for the processor(s) 602. For example, the graphics circuit 608 may have a dedicated processor (e.g., GPU(s) 610) and/or may further leverage the processor(s) 602 (e.g., CPU(s)). The processor(s) 602 may perform various functions associated with controlling an operation of the electronic device 600, and the memory 604 may store instructions executable by the processor(s) 602 to perform any operations described herein.

As used herein, a processor or CPU, such as the processor(s) 602, may include multiple processors and/or a processor having multiple cores. Further, the processor(s) 602 may comprise one or more cores of different types. For example, the processor(s) 602 may include application processor units, graphic processing units, and so forth. In one implementation, the processor(s) 602 may comprise a microcontroller and/or a microprocessor. The processor(s) 602 may include a microprocessor, a digital signal processor or other processing units or components known in the art. Alternatively, or in addition, the functionality described herein can be performed, at least in part, by one or more hardware logic components. For example, and without limitation, illustrative types of hardware logic components that may be used include Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Application-Specific Standard Products (ASSPs), System on a Chip (SoC), Complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLDs), and/or the like. Additionally, each of the processor(s) 602 may possess its own local memory, which also may store at least one of program components, program data, program code, program.

Memory, such as the memory 604, may include one or more of volatile memory, nonvolatile memory, removable media, non-removable media, and/or the like implemented in any method or technology for storage of information, such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program components, firmware, software, and/or any other data. The memory 604 may include, but is not limited to, one or more of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) storage systems, and/or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can be accessed by a computing device. The memory 604 may be implemented as Computer-Readable Storage Media (CRSM), which may comprise any available physical media accessible by the processor(s) 602 to execute instructions stored on the memory. In some examples, a CRSM may include RAM and flash memory (e.g., NAND flash, NOR flash, etc.). In other implementations, CRSM may include, but is not limited to, ROM, EEPROM, or any other tangible medium which can be used to store the desired information, and which can be accessed by the processor(s). The memory 604 may be one or more examples of non-transitory computer-readable media. The memory 604 may store an Operating System (OS) and one or more software applications, instructions, programs, and/or data to implement the methods described herein and the functions attributed to the various systems. For example, the memory 604 may comprise one or more databases, data tables, datasets, and/or the like as described herein. In some examples, the memory 604 may comprise at least one non-transitory computer-readable memories (or the like as described herein).

Network interface(s) 606 permit the electronic device 600 to communicate over one or more networks. For example, the network interface(s) 606 may permit the electronic device 600 to communicate over one or more communications networks (e.g., the Internet, an intranet, a mobile network, and/or the like). In some examples, a communications network may comprise one or more communications channels, tunnels, Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), and/or the like. In some examples, a communications network may be implemented using encryption techniques (e.g., end to end encryption, etc.). Example network interface(s) 606 include, without limitation, a Wi-Fi circuit (e.g., Dual-band 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac/ax 2×2 MIMO dual-antenna, Tri-band 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac/ax 2×2 MIMO dual-antenna, etc.), ZigBee circuit, Bluetooth circuit (e.g., Bluetooth 5.2, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), etc.), LTE circuit, and/or any other communications protocol, hardware, software, and/or firmware. The network interface(s) 606 permit communication with remote device(s), such as mobile devices (e.g., phones, remote controls, microphones, etc.), systems (e.g., cloud services, remote servers, etc.), and/or the like. The network(s) may be representative of any type of communication network, including data and/or voice network, and may be implemented using wired infrastructure (e.g., cable, CAT5, fiber optic cable, etc.), a wireless infrastructure (e.g., radio frequency, cellular, microwave, satellite, Bluetooth, etc.), and/or other connection technologies.

In some instances, inbound data may be routed through the network interface(s) 606 before being directed to the processor(s) 602 and/or GPU(s) 610, and outbound data from the processor(s) 602 and/or GPU(s) 610 may be routed through the network interface(s) 606. The network interface(s) 606 may therefore receive inputs, such as data, from the processor(s) 602, the GPU(s) 610, and/or any other component described herein. For example, the network interface(s) 606 may be configured to transmit data to and/or receive data from one or more network devices (e.g., Wi-Fi routers, etc.). The network interface(s) 606 may act as a conduit for data communicated between various components and the processor(s) 602 and/or the like.

Although certain components of the electronic device 600 are illustrated, it is to be understood that the electronic device 600 may include additional and/or alternative components. For example, the electronic device 600 may include other input/output devices (e.g., haptic motors, speakers, light sources, etc.), heat dissipating elements (e.g., heatsinks, fans, vents, etc.), computing components (e.g., Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs), and/or the like. In some examples, one or more components illustrated for the electronic device 600 may be removed or omitted. In some examples, one or more components described herein may be added to or incorporated with electronic device 600. Examples of the electronic device 600 may include, without limitation, a server, a desktop computer, a laptop computer, an e-reader, a smartphone, a tablet computer, a wearable device (e.g., smartwatch, etc.), a computer monitor (e.g., a screen, a display, etc.), a television, and/or the like as described herein. For example, an electronic device may comprise a display assembly comprising one or more of first color components having a first color and a first charge polarity, second color components having a second color different from the first color, a thin film transistor assembly, and a color filter array assembly. Various example systems and processes described herein may include, or be implemented using, or in conjunction with, or for, a device or electronic device as described herein.

Now that a block diagram for an example electronic device has been described above with reference to FIG. 6, an example flowchart for utilizing different threshold maps to render different colors, will now be described below with reference to FIG. 7.

FIG. 7 illustrates an example flowchart representing control logic for utilizing different threshold maps to render different colors. As shown, the process 700 may represent control logic to facilitate utilizing different maps (e.g., dithering threshold maps, color filter (or color filter array) maps, etc.) to render one or more different colors (e.g., primary colors, secondary colors, tertiary colors, shades of gray, and/or the like) from Red Green Blue (RGB) color filters of an RGB display. The operations of the process 700 may represent control logic embodied as a series of instructions comprising computer readable machine code executable by a processing unit (e.g., processor(s) 602) of one or more computing devices described herein (e.g., electronic device 600, an e-reader, a tablet, etc.), although various operations may also be implemented in, or using, hardware (e.g., a System on a Chip (SoC), a screen including a front light, an RGB color filter array panel, a monochrome electrophoretic display panel, a thin-film transistor backplane, and/or the like). In some examples, the computer readable machine codes may be comprised of instructions selected from a native instruction set of at least one processor and/or an Operating System (OS) of an electronic device. In some examples, the process 700 may be performed, at least in part, by one or more components of electronic device 600 and/or the like as described herein.

As shown in FIG. 7, the process 700 may begin at operation 702, at which the electronic device 600 (or the like as described herein) may detect data representing a color and a location on a display. For example, the detected data may comprise pixel color data which may indicate (and/or represent) a set of color channel values corresponding to one or more colors (e.g., gray, binary, secondary, tertiary, orange, magenta, etc.) as described herein. As shown in FIG. 7, the operation 702 may be performed iteratively, such as to detect a plurality of colors associated with a color image, graphical user interface, and/or the like. In some examples, the operation 702 may comprise receiving (e.g., by network interface(s) 606, etc.) data (e.g., a data packet, a file, etc.), such as image data, video data, graphical user interface data (e.g., for an application, a webpage, etc.), and/or any other data described herein for, at least in part, rendering on a display. In some examples, the operation 702 may comprise scanning, at least in part, data comprising instructions to render images, colors, and/or the like on at least a portion of a display of the electronic device 600. For example, if a user provides an input to render data (e.g., an image file, a video file, a webpage, an application, and/or the like) on the electronic device 600 then the electronic device 600 may scan and/or read the data to determine how to render the data on a display. In some examples, the electronic device 600 may detect data indicating one or more colors to be rendered at one or more locations of the display. For example, the electronic device 600 may scan, at least in part, a portion of a display (e.g., during refreshing operations, opening an image file, rendering a graphical user interface, etc.) in order to detect a color associated with the portion of the display. In some examples, a portion of the display may be associated with screen coordinates, pixel coordinates, and/or any other data representing a location on the display. For example, image data (or the like) may comprise instructions to render one or more of: (i) a binary color (e.g., red, green, blue, yellow, black, white, etc.) on a respective portion of a display (e.g., identified using pixel coordinates, etc.); (ii) a gray color (e.g., light gray, mid-gray, dark gray, etc.) on a respective portion of the display (e.g., identified using pixel coordinates, etc.); and/or (iii) a tertiary color (e.g., a tertiary RGB color, orange, rose, violet, azure, spring green, chartreuse-green, etc.) on a respective portion of the display (e.g., identified using pixel coordinates, etc.).

The process 700 may continue at operation 704, at which the electronic device 600 (or the like as described herein) may determine whether the data (e.g., as described above at the operation 702) comprises, represents, and/or indicates a gray color (e.g., a shade of gray). In some examples, a gray color may comprise any shade of gray between the color black (e.g., {0, 0, 0}) and the color white (e.g., {1, 1, 1}) in the RGB color space. In some such examples, the red value, the green value, and the blue value of a gray color may be equal. For example, a mid-gray color may be defined by a gray value set of {0.5, 0.5, 0.5}, a dark gray color may be defined by a gray value set of {0.25, 0.25, 0.25}, and a light gray may be defined by a gray value set of {0.75, 0.75, 0.75}. In some examples, a gray color may have a saturation measure equal to 0%. In some examples, the operation 704 may comprise determining (e.g., based on data described above at the operation 702) a gray color to render, at least in part, on a respective portion of a display (e.g., an RGB display). In some examples, if the electronic device 600 determines that at least a portion of the data does comprise, represent, and/or indicate a gray color then the process 700 may proceed to the operation 706 as described below (e.g., utilizing, at least in part, that respective portion of the data). In some examples, if the electronic device 600 determines that at least a portion of the data does not comprise, represent, and/or indicate, at least in part, a binary color then the process 700 may proceed to the operation 712 as described below (e.g., utilizing, at least in part, that respective portion of the data).

The process 700 may continue at operation 706, at which the electronic device 600 (or the like as described herein) may select a gray value set representing a gray color. In some examples, the operation 706 may comprise selecting (e.g., based, at least in part, on an indication of the gray color in the received data) a gray value set comprising a common value (e.g., a common RGB value that is applied equally to the RGB pixels of a respective portion of a display). In some examples, a common value may comprise, represent, or indicate a pixel activation value that may be greater than 0% (e.g., an integer value of 0 in the 8-bit RGB color space) and less than 100% (e.g., an integer value of 255 in the 8-bit RGB color space). In some examples, the common value may be applied to a red pixel subset, a green pixel subset, and a blue pixel subset of a respective pixel set (e.g., in order to cause rendering of a gray color). In some examples, the gray value set may cause rendering of the gray color when mapped to a respective pixel set of the respective portion of the RGB display. For example, if the electronic device 600 determines that the gray color is mid-gray then the electronic device 600 may select (e.g., from a lookup table, a database, etc.) a respective gray value set of {0.5, 0.5, 0.5} to apply to the respective pixel set of the respective portion of the display. The respective pixel set may comprise one or more pixels. In some examples, the operation 706 may comprise determining to use the first dither map for a first pixel location based on first pixel color data for the first pixel location that indicates a set of color channel values for the first pixel location. In some examples, the operation 706 may comprise determining, based on the first pixel color data and the first dither map, first dithered pixel color data for the first pixel location. In some such examples, determining to use the first dither map for the first pixel location may be based on first color filter array data indicating a color channel associated with the first pixel location. In some examples, the first dithered pixel color data is determined based on first color filter array data indicating a color channel associated with the first pixel location.

The process 700 may continue at operation 708, at which the electronic device 600 (or the like as described herein) may select a Bayer matrix dithering threshold map. In some examples, the operation 708 may comprise selecting, based on an indication of the gray color and/or the gray value set, a Bayer matrix dithering threshold map. In some examples, a Bayer matrix dithering threshold map (e.g., the Bayer matrix dithering threshold map 120A as shown in FIG. 1) may comprise a pre-set threshold map tiled across an image, video frame, graphical user interface, and/or the like as described herein that is configured to facilitate ordered dithering. In some examples, the operation 708 may comprise loading first dither map data representing a first threshold map (and/or a first dither map) and/or loading second dither map data representing a second threshold map (and/or a second dither map). For example, the Bayer matrix dithering threshold map may be loaded into device memory, such as before or after loading another dither map. In some examples, the first threshold map is a Bayer threshold map and the second threshold map is a non-Bayer threshold map (or vice versa).

The process 700 may continue at operation 710, at which the electronic device 600 (or the like as described herein) may activate (and/or deactivate) (e.g., based, at least in part, on the gray value set and the Bayer matrix dithering threshold map and/or the color filter array map) one or more pixels (e.g., a pixel at a respective location or portion of the display). In some examples, the process 700 may be performed iteratively for each distinct pixel of the display, for instance, the operations 702-710 may be repeated for each pixel associated with one or more gray colors. In some examples, the operation 710 may comprise mapping the Bayer matrix dithering threshold map (and/or the color filter array map) to a respective pixel set (and/or a respective pixel) of a respective portion of the RGB display. In some examples, the operation 710 may comprise activating, based, at least in part, on the Bayer matrix dithering threshold map (and/or the color filter array map) and the gray value set, a respective pixel set of a respective portion of the RGB display. For example, the electronic device 600 may determine that data for an image indicates that a portion of the image is to be rendered in mid-gray. In some such examples, the electronic device 600 may activate a set of pixels (e.g., at a location on the display as defined by pixel coordinates of the data) using a respective gray value set for the mid-gray color (e.g., {0.5, 0.5, 0.5}). In some examples, the operation 710 may comprise activating, based on the Bayer matrix dithering threshold map and the binary value set, at least in part, a respective pixel set by applying a common RGB value to a red pixel subset, a green pixel subset, and a blue pixel subset of the respective pixel set (e.g., in order to cause rendering of the gray color on the respective portion of the RGB display). The respective pixel set may comprise one or more pixels. In some examples, the operation 710 may comprise updating, based on the first dithered pixel color data and the second dithered pixel color data, the display assembly by causing the thin film transistor assembly to effect movement of one or more of the first color components corresponding to the first pixel location and effect movement of one or more of the first color components corresponding to the second pixel location. In some examples, the first pixel color data may indicate a set of color channel values corresponding to a gray color. Additionally, or alternatively, second pixel color data may indicate a set of color channel values corresponding to a non-gray color.

The electronic device 600 may produce a mid-gray color with a first texture appearance (e.g., the second coarse texture 406A as shown in FIG. 2), using Bayer matrix dithering threshold map, by activating the red pixels, activating half of the green pixels, and deactivating the blue pixels in a respective portion of the RGB display. Additionally, or alternatively, the electronic device 600 may produce the same, or similar, mid-gray color with a second texture appearance (e.g., a fine texture similar to the fine texture 204A as shown in FIG. 2, the first coarse texture 404A as shown in FIG. 2, and/or the like as described herein), using an alternating dithering threshold map (e.g., the alternating dithering threshold map 300 as shown in FIG. 3 and/or the like as described herein), by activating the red pixels, activating half of the green pixels, and deactivating the blue pixels in a respective portion of the RGB display.

The process 700 may continue at operation 712, at which the electronic device 600 (or the like as described herein) may select a color value set representing a tertiary color or a binary color. In some examples, the operation 712 may comprise determining a tertiary RGB color and/or a binary color (e.g., from the data as described above at the operation 702) to render on a respective portion of the RGB display. Example tertiary RGB colors may include, without limitation, spring green, chartreuse-green, orange, rose, violet, azure, and/or any other non-gray colors that may be produced by varying at least one of the red value, the green value, and/or the blue value between 0% (e.g., an integer value of 0 in the 8-bit RGB color space) and 100% (e.g., an integer value of 255 in the 8-bit RGB color space). In some examples, the operation 712 may comprise selecting, based on an indication of the tertiary RGB color in the received data and/or the tertiary color dithering threshold map (as described below at operation 714), a tertiary color value set comprising a red value, a green value, and a blue value. In some examples, at least one of the red value, the green value, or the blue value is greater than 0% (e.g., an integer value of 0 in the 8-bit RGB color space) and less than 100% (e.g., an integer value of 255 in the 8-bit RGB color space). In some examples, the red value may be applied to a red pixel subset, the green value may be applied to a green pixel subset, and the blue value may be applied to a blue pixel subset of a respective pixel set (e.g., in order to cause rendering of a tertiary color). In some examples, the tertiary color value set may cause rendering of the tertiary color when mapped to a respective pixel set of the respective portion of the RGB display. For example, if the electronic device 600 determines that the tertiary color is orange then the electronic device 600 may select (e.g., from a lookup table, a database, etc.) a respective tertiary (e.g., orange) value set of {1, 0.5, 0} to apply to the respective pixel set of the respective portion of the display. The respective pixel set may comprise one or more pixels.

In some examples, the operation 712 may comprise selecting a binary value set representing a binary color. In some examples, the operation 712 may comprise selecting, based on an indication of the binary color in the received data, a binary color map. In some examples, a binary color map may comprise a color filter map or a color filter array map (e.g., the color filter array map