Methods of Use

The disclosed compositions can be used in any application where chlorinated products are desired. For example, in some embodiments, the disclosed concentrated chlorinated alkaline compositions are used to clean, bleach, disinfect, or sanitize a surface. Exemplary surfaces include production equipment in the food and beverage industry, tanks, pipes, mixers, walls, ceilings, tables, countertops, floors, drains, knives, saws, instruments, tools, worktables, conveyor belts, trucks, tanker cars, train cars, clean-in-place equipment, animal stalls or crates, produce crates or displace cases, surfaces in grocery stores or butcher shops, surfaces in childcare and long term care facilities, or other surfaces. The disclosed compositions can be used to clean, bleach, disinfect, or sanitize surfaces in the food and beverage industries, hospitals, veterinary facilities, childcare facilities, long term care facilities, commercial real estate, schools, grocery stores, kitchens, restaurants, and other facilities. In some embodiments, the disclosed compositions can be used to bleach or sanitize textiles, laundry, upholstery, drapery, carpet, or other soft surfaces. In some embodiments, the disclosed compositions can be used to treat liquids such as swimming pools, hot tubs, cooling tower water, drinking water, and food and beverage processing water.

When used to clean, the disclosed concentrated, chlorinated alkaline compositions can be diluted with water to form a use solution. The use solution may have a concentration from about 0.1 to about 10%, from about 0.3 to about 7%, or from about 0.5 to about 5% of the concentrate. The use solution can be applied to a surface by spraying, wiping, misting, foaming, fogging, mopping, squirting, flooding, as part of a clean-in-place program. The composition may be used at temperatures ranging from 0° C. to 70° C., from 25° C. to 35° C., from 45° C. to 70° C., or at room temperature. The use solution may contact the surface for a period of time of 10 seconds to 30 minutes, 30 seconds to 30 minutes, 30 seconds to 10 minutes, 30 seconds to 5 minutes, 10 minutes to 30 minutes, or may remain on the surface and not rinsed or wiped off.

When used to bleach, the disclosed concentrated, chlorinated alkaline compositions can be diluted with water to form a use solution. The use solution may have a concentration from about 0.1 to about 10%, from about 0.3 to about 7%, or from about 0.5 to about 5%. The use solution may be applied to a hard surface as described above in the discussion on cleaning. When used to bleach a soft surface such as a textile, the use solution may be applied to a textile as a pretreatment or as part of a bleaching process in a homestyle washing machine, a washer-extractor, or batch or continuous tunnel washer.

When used to reduce microorganisms as part of a disinfecting or sanitizing process, the disclosed compositions reduce microorganisms by 3-logs, 4-logs, or 5-logs within 5 minutes at 20° C.

Methods of Making

The disclosed compositions can be made by mixing the materials together. In some embodiments, magnesium compounds were added to water prior to the addition of other ingredients. In some embodiments, it is desirable to add the materials while cooling the mixture or to cool the mixture immediately following the addition of the materials because some of the materials cause an exothermic reaction when combined. In some embodiments, the composition is homogenized and filtered with a 1-micron filter.

EXAMPLES
Example 1

Example 1 screened a number of materials for their ability to prevent the formation of black metal oxide particles in a composition. For this test, three replicates each of eight formulas were prepared and stored at 0° C. or 25° C. for a period of four to six weeks, or at 35° C. for a period of four weeks. The formulas were observed after a period of one day, a period of one week, a period of two weeks, a period of one month, and a period of six weeks. A “pass” indicates that no black particles were present in the formula and a “fail” indicates that black particles were found in the formula. Table 1 below shows the formulas that were tested and the results of the testing.

TABLE 1

Test Substance
Results

Calcium carbonate
Fail

Magnesium carbonate
Pass

Calcium nitrate tetrahydrate
Fail

Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate
Pass

Sodium bicarbonate
Fail

Potassium bicarbonate
Fail

Silicon dioxide
Fail

Disodium hydrogen phosphate anhydrous
Fail

Table 1 indicates that only magnesium carbonate and magnesium sulfate heptahydrate were able to inhibit the formation of black particles. Calcium, sodium, and potassium salts and silicon dioxide were not able to prevent the formation of black particles.

Example 2

Example 2 screened various magnesium salts for their ability to prevent the formation of black metal oxide particles. These formulas were stored at 0° C., 25° C., or 35° C. and tested after 1 week or 2 weeks of storage. The formulas were scored on a scale looking for both black particle formation and precipitation. For black particle formation, the following scale was used: 0=no black particles; 0-1=very light amount of black particles, almost invisible; 1=slight amount of black particles; 2=medium amount of black particles; 3=high amount of black particles. For precipitate formation, the following scale was used: 0=no other particles, no sediment; 0-1=very light amounts of other particles or sediment, almost invisible; 1=slight quantity of other particles or sediment; 2=medium quantity of other particles or sediment; 3=high quantity of other particles or sediment. A score of 0/0 indicates that the sample had no black particles and no other particles or sediment. Table 2 shows the formulas and the results of the testing.

TABLE 2