1100 may include a case 1110, a frame 1120, a base 1130, and a bottom plate 1140 arranged along the main axis 1900. The case 1110 and the bottom plate 1140 may combine together to form a shell of the optical element driving mechanism 1000 for accommodating and protecting other elements. The frame 1120 and the base 1130 may be disposed between the case 1110 and the bottom plate 1140 to increase the structural strength of the optical element driving mechanism 1000. In some embodiments, the base 1130 may be polygonal when viewed along the main axis 1900.

In some embodiments, the driving assembly 1300 may include driving magnetic elements 1310 and driving coils 1320 disposed on the fixed portion 1100 and the movable portion 1200, respectively. Alternatively, their positions may be interchanged, depending on design requirement. When current passes through the driving coils 1320, the driving coils 1320 will interact with the magnetic field of the driving magnetic elements 1310 to generate an electromagnetic force to drive the movable portion 1200 and the optical element 1800 to move relative to the fixed portion 1100 to achieve auto focus. In some embodiments, the driving assembly 1300 may include other driving elements such as piezoelectric, shape memory alloy, etc.

In some embodiments, the first resilient element 1400 and the second resilient element 1500 may be disposed on opposite sides of the movable portion 1200. The first resilient element 1400 may be elastically connected to the fixed portion 1100 (e.g. the base 1130) and the movable portion 1200, and may be electrically connected to the driving coils 1320 and the circuit assembly 1600 to provide current to the driving coils 1320. The second resilient element 1500 may be disposed on the fixed portion 1100 (e.g. the base 1130), and the movable portion 1200 may be separated from the second resilient element 1500 or in contact with each other to control the position of the movable portion 1200, which will be described later.

In some embodiments, a first guiding rod 1160 and a second guiding rod 1170 disposed on the fixed portion 1100 may be used for movably connecting the movable portion 1200 and the fixed portion 1100. The first guiding rod 1160 includes a first guiding rod first end 1161 and a first guiding rod second end 1162 opposite to each other, the first guiding rod first end 1161 may be affixed on the base 1130, and the first guiding rod second end 1162 may be affixed on the case 1110. The second guiding rod 1170 includes a first end of second guiding rod 1171 and a second end of second guiding rod 1172 opposite to each other, the first end of second guiding rod 1171 may be affixed on the base 1130, and the second end of second guiding rod 1172 may be affixed on the case 1110. Therefore, the first guiding rod 1160 and the second guiding rod 1170 are allowed to be fixed on the fixed portion 1100.

In some embodiments, when viewed along the main axis 1900, the first guiding rod 1160 and the second guiding rod 1170 may be in direct contact with the movable portion 1200 to define the moving direction of the movable portion 1200 relative to the fixed portion 1100. The first guiding rod 1160 and the second guiding rod 1170 may include magnetic permeable materials.

In some embodiments, the way that the first guiding rod first end 1161 connecting to the base 1130 may be different from that of the first guiding rod second end 1162 connected to the case 1110, and the way that the first end of second guiding rod 1171 connecting to the base 1130 may be different from that of the second end of second guiding rod 1172 connected to the case 1110. For example, as shown in FIG. 1F, the first guiding rod first end 1161 and the first end of second guiding rod 1171 may be adhered to the case 1110 by glue. Moreover, the base 1130 may include a first connection opening 1181 and the second connection opening 1182. The first connection opening 1181 and the second connection opening 1182 allows laser to be provided to the first guiding rod second end 1162 and the second end of second guiding rod 1172 from the backside of the base 1130 (the side facing away from the case 1110) to heat the first guiding rod second end 1162 and the second end of second guiding rod 1172, and thus the first guiding rod 1160 and the second guiding rod 1170 may be connected to the first connection opening 1181 and the second connection opening 1182 by laser welding, respectively.

In some embodiments, a first adhesive element 1183 and a second adhesive element 1184 may be provided in the first connection opening 1181 and the second connection opening 1182, respectively, to connect the base 1130 to the first guiding rod 1160 and the second guiding rod 1170. In other words, in the first direction (Z direction), the first adhesive element 1183 and the first guiding rod 1160 at least partially overlap each other, the second adhesive element 1184 and the second guiding rod 1170 at least partially overlap each other, the first guiding rod 1160 does not expose from the first connection opening 1181, and the second guiding rod 1170 does not expose from the second connection opening 1182 to ensure the amounts of the first adhesive element 1183 and the second adhesive element 1184 are enough. Therefore, the base 1130 may be further affixed to the first guiding rod 1160 and the second guiding rod 1170.

FIG. 2A is a top view of some elements of the optical element driving mechanism 1000, FIG. 2B is a perspective view of some elements of the optical element driving mechanism 1000, wherein the case 1110 is omitted to show position relationship of other elements. As shown in FIG. 1F and FIG. 2A, the first guiding rod 1160 and the second guiding rod 1170 may extend in the Z direction, the movable portion 1200 may in contact with the first guiding rod 1160 and the second guiding rod 1170. The first guiding rod 1160 and the second guiding rod 1170 may be used for define the moving direction of the movable portion 1200, such as the movable portion 1200 may slide relative to the first guiding rod 1160 and the second guiding rod 1170 in the Z direction. To make the slide easier, a first lubricating coating and a second lubricating coating (e.g. Teflon) may be provided on the first guiding rod 1160 and the second guiding rod 1170, respectively. Moreover, additional lubricating element (e.g. lubricating oil) may be provided on the first guiding rod 1160 and the second guiding rod 1170 and in direct contact with the first lubricating coating and a second lubricating coating, to further allow the movable portion 1200 to slide relative to the first guiding rod 1160 and the second guiding rod 1170.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the base 1130 of the fixed portion 1100 may include a first edge 1151, a second edge 1152, a third edge 1153, a fourth edge 1154, a fifth edge 1155, a sixth edge 1156, a seventh edge 1157, and an eighth edge 1158. The first edge 1151 is opposite to the third edge 1153, the second edge 1152 is opposite to the fourth edge 1154, the fifth edge 1155 is opposite to the sixth edge 1156, and the seventh edge 1157 is opposite to the eighth edge 1158. The fifth edge 1155 is between the first edge 1151 and the second edge 1152, the sixth edge 1156 is between the second edge 1152 and the third edge 1153, the seventh edge 1157 is between the third edge 1153 and the fourth edge 1154, and the eighth edge 1158 is between the fourth edge 1154 and the first edge 1151. In some embodiments, the first guiding rod 1160 may position at the fifth edge 1155, and the second guiding rod 1170 may position at the seventh edge 1157. In other words, the first guiding rod 1160 and the second guiding rod 1170 may be disposed on opposite sides of the movable portion 1200.

In some embodiments, the driving magnetic elements 1310 may include a first driving magnetic element 1311, a second driving magnetic element 1312, a third driving magnetic element 1313, and a fourth driving magnetic element 1314 disposed on the first edge 1151, the second edge 1152, the third edge 1153, and the fourth edge 1154, respectively. The driving coils 1320 may include a first driving coil 1321, a second driving coil 1322, a third driving coil 1323, and a fourth driving coil 1324 disposed on the movable portion 1200 and corresponding to the first driving magnetic element 1311, the second driving magnetic element 1312, the third driving magnetic element 1313, and the fourth driving magnetic element 1314, respectively. Furthermore, in some embodiments, a first magnetic permeable element 1331, a second magnetic permeable element 1332, a third magnetic permeable element 1333, and a fourth magnetic permeable element 1334 may be disposed on the base 1130 and they correspond to the first driving magnetic element 1311, the second driving magnetic element 1312, the third driving magnetic element 1313, and the fourth driving magnetic element 1314, respectively.

In some embodiments, the first driving magnetic element 1311, the second driving magnetic element 1312, the third driving magnetic element 1313, and the fourth driving magnetic element 1314 may have similar structures. Taking the fourth driving magnetic element 1314 as an example, the fourth driving magnetic element 1314 may include a first driving magnetic unit 1351 and a second driving magnetic unit 1352 arranged in the first direction. In some embodiments, when viewed in a second direction (e.g., Y direction), as shown in FIG. 2B, the first driving magnetic unit 1351 and the fourth driving coil 1324 at least partially expose from the fourth magnetic permeable element 1334, and the second driving magnetic unit 1352 does not expose from the fourth magnetic permeable element 1334. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 1E, when viewed in the second direction, a gap G1 greater than zero is between the first magnetic permeable element 1331 and the case 1110 in a third direction (e.g., X direction), and the second magnetic permeable element 1332, the third magnetic permeable element 1333, and the fourth magnetic permeable element 1334 may have gaps greater than zero to the case 1110 as well.

FIG. 3A is a schematic view of the driving magnetic elements 1310. FIG. 3B is a top view of the driving magnetic elements 1310. In some embodiments, the first driving magnetic unit 1351 includes a first side surface 1353, a second side surface 1354, and a first lower surface 1355. The second driving magnetic unit 1352 includes a second lower surface 1356, wherein the second side surface 1354 is adjacent to the second lower surface 1356, and the first side surface 1353 and the second side surface 1354 are not perpendicular or parallel to each other. The first side surface 1353 connects to the second side surface 1354. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2B, when viewed in the second direction, at least a portion of the fourth magnetic permeable element 1334 overlaps the first side surface 1353, and the first side surface 1353 and the second side surface 1354 at least partially expose from the fourth magnetic permeable element 1334. In some embodiments, the first lower surface 1355 and the second lower surface 1356 face an identical direction (e.g., −Z direction). When viewed in the first direction, the second lower surface 1356 at least partially expose from the first driving magnetic unit 1351, wherein the first driving magnetic unit 1351 is polygonal, and the second driving magnetic unit 1352 is rectangular. Since the first driving magnetic unit 1351 is polygonal, the required space may be reduced to achieve miniaturization. Moreover, the second driving magnetic unit 1352 is rectangular, which is bigger than the first driving magnetic unit 1351, higher magnetic force may be provided to improve the performance of the optical element driving mechanism 1000.

In some embodiments, the first magnetic permeable element 1331, the second magnetic permeable element 1332, the third magnetic permeable element 1333, and the fourth magnetic permeable element 1334 may have similar structures. Taking the fourth magnetic permeable element 1334 as an example, as shown in FIG. 2B, the fourth magnetic permeable element 1334 may include a first guiding magnetic unit 1341 and a second guiding magnetic unit 1342 connect with each other. In the third direction, the first guiding magnetic unit 1341 has a first length L1, the second guiding magnetic unit 1342 has a second length L2, and the first length L1 is less than the second length L2. In some embodiments, the first guiding magnetic unit 1341 may at least partially overlap the first driving magnetic unit 1351, and the second guiding magnetic unit 1342 may at least partially overlap the first driving magnetic unit 1351 and the second driving magnetic unit 1352 for magnetic conduction. In some embodiments, in the third direction, the first side surface 1353 has a third length L3, the second driving magnetic unit 1352 has a fourth length L4, and L2>L4>L3>L1.

FIG. 4A is a top view of the circuit assembly 1600. FIG. 4B is a schematic view of the circuit assembly 1600. FIG. 4C is a side view of the circuit assembly 1600. The circuit assembly 1600 may be disposed on the fixed portion 1100, and may include a surrounding portion 1610, a first circuit connecting portion 1620, a second circuit connecting portion 1630, a first extending portion 1641, a second extending portion 1642, and a resilient connecting portion 1643. The surrounding portion 1610 may surround the movable portion 1200 and the main axis 1900, and may include a first segment 1611, a second segment 1612, a third segment 1613, a fourth segment 1614, and a fifth segment 1615 sequentially connected to each other. In some embodiments, the first magnetic permeable element 1331, the second magnetic permeable element 1332, the third magnetic permeable element 1333, and the fourth magnetic permeable element 1334 may be disposed on the circuit assembly 1600. When viewed along the main axis 1900, the surrounding portion 1610 and the second extending portion 1642 may at least partially overlap each other, the first extending portion 1641 and the second extending portion 1642 may not overlap each other, the base 1130 and the circuit assembly 1600 may at least partially overlap each other, the movable portion 1200 and the second extending portion 1642 may at least partially overlap each other and does not overlap the surrounding portion 1610.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the first segment 1611 is at the eighth edge 1158, the second segment 1612 is at the first edge 1151, the third segment 1613 is at the fifth edge 1155, the fourth segment 1614 is at the second edge 1152, and the fifth segment 1615 is at the sixth edge 1156. The first extending portion 1641 is at the first edge 1151 and extends from the surrounding portion 1610 in the second direction. In other words, the circuit assembly 1600 does not dispose on the fourth edge 1154. The second extending portion 1642 may connect to the second segment 1612 and be between the base 1130 and the bottom plate 1140. The resilient connecting portion 1643 may connect to the first extending portion 1641, and the first circuit connecting portion 1620 may connect to the resilient connecting portion 1643 and extend in the third direction. The second circuit connecting portion 1630 may connect to the second extending portion 1642 and extend in the first direction.

In some embodiments, a normal direction of the second extending portion 1642 is parallel to the first direction. Normal directions of the first segment 1611, the second segment 1612, the third segment 1613, the fourth segment 1614, and the fifth segment 1615 are perpendicular to the first direction, and the resilient connecting portion 1643 and the fixed portion 1100 are separated from each other. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the first magnetic permeable element 1331 and the third magnetic permeable element 1333 at least partially overlap the circuit assembly 1600 in the third direction. The second magnetic permeable element 1332 at least partially overlaps the circuit assembly 1600 in the second direction. Moreover, when viewed in the second direction, as shown in FIG. 1G, the fourth magnetic permeable element 1334 is exposed from the circuit assembly 1600 and separated from the circuit assembly 1600. In some embodiments, an insulating element (not shown) may be disposed between the circuit assembly 1600 and the case 1110, such as glue, to connect the circuit assembly 1600 and the case 1110 and prevent short circuit.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2A and FIG. 4A, the circuit assembly 1600 may further include a first electronic element 1671 and a second electronic element 1672 disposed on the surrounding portion 1610 and between the surrounding portion 1610 and the case 1110, and respectively disposed on the fifth edge 1155 and the eighth edge 1158.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4C, a bottom surface of the second extending portion 1642 coincides a virtual plane 1910. The first extending portion 1641 and the surrounding portion 1610 are at opposite sides of the virtual plane 1910. In the first direction, a first distance D1 is between the first extending portion 1641 and the virtual plane 1910, a second distance D2 is between the first circuit connecting portion 1620 and the virtual plane 1910, a third distance D3 is between the fourth segment 1614 and the virtual plane 1910, a fourth distance D4 is between the fifth segment 1615 and the virtual plane 1910, and D2>D4>D3>D1. In some embodiments, the third distance D3 may be less than the first distance D1, depending on design requirement. In some embodiments, in the first direction, the first segment 1611 has a first height H1, the fourth segment 1614 has a second height H2, the fifth segment 1615 has a third height H3, and H1<H2<H3. In some embodiments, when viewed in the second direction, the first segment 1611 at least partially overlaps the third segment 1613. Moreover, when viewed in the second direction, the first segment 1611 at least partially exposed from the third segment 1613, and the second extending portion 1642 does not overlap the surrounding portion 1610 to achieve miniaturization.

FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B are schematic views of some elements of the optical element driving mechanism 1000. As shown in FIG. 2A, FIG. 5A, and FIG. 5B, the optical element driving mechanism 1000 may further include a sensing assembly 1700 disposed on the sixth edge 1156 and including a position sensing element 1710, a sensing magnetic element 1720, and a reinforcement element 1730. In some embodiments, the sensing assembly 1700 and the second extending portion 1642 may at least partially overlap each other when viewed along the main axis 1900.

In some embodiments, the position sensing element 1710 may include a Hall sensor, a magnetoresistance effect sensor (MR sensor), a giant magnetoresistance effect sensor (GMR sensor), a tunneling magnetoresistance effect sensor (TMR sensor), or a fluxgate sensor. The position sensing element 1710 may detect the magnetic field generated from the sensing magnetic element 1720, and the position sensing element 1710 and the sensing magnetic element 1720 may be disposed on the fixed portion 1100 (or the circuit assembly 1600) and the movable portion 1200, respectively, or their positions may be interchanged. Therefore, the position of the movable portion 1200 relative to the fixed portion 1100 (or to the circuit assembly 1600) may be detected by the sensing assembly 1700. In some embodiments, the first electronic element 1671 and the sensing assembly 1700 may be disposed on opposite sides of the movable portion 1200 to prevent interference. In some embodiments, the first electronic element 1671 may include multiple connection pins, and at least half of the connection pins do not electrically connect to the circuit assembly 1600.

In some embodiments, the reinforcement element 1730 may be disposed on the fixed portion 1100 or the circuit assembly 1600, such as may be disposed on the fifth segment 1615 of the surrounding portion 1610, the circuit assembly 1600 may be between the reinforcement element 1730 and the position sensing element 1710, and the sensing magnetic element 1720 and the reinforcement element 1730 may be disposed on opposite sides of the position sensing element 1710. In some embodiments, the material of the reinforcement element 1730 may include nonmagnetic permeable metal to provide structural strength.

As shown in FIG. 5B, when viewed in a fourth direction perpendicular to the fifth segment 1615 (parallel to the normal direction of the fifth segment 1615), the reinforcement element 1730 at least partially overlaps the position sensing element 1710 and the sensing magnetic element 1720, the sensing magnetic element 1720 is at least partially exposed from the reinforcement element 1730, the fifth segment 1615 at least partially overlaps the position sensing element 1710, the sensing magnetic element 1720, and the reinforcement element 1730, and the resilient connecting portion 1643 and the base 1130 at least partially overlap each other. The fourth direction is perpendicular to the first direction. Moreover, the sensing magnetic element 1720 has a width W1, the position sensing element 1710 has a width W2, the reinforcement element 1730 has a width W3, and the fifth segment 1615 has a width W4, and W4>W3>W1>W2. In some embodiments, when viewed in the fourth direction, the circuit assembly 1600 at least partially overlaps the second magnetic permeable element 1332 and the third magnetic permeable element 1333, and the second magnetic permeable element 1332 and the third magnetic permeable element 1333 do not overlap the sensing assembly 1700 to achieve miniaturization.

FIG. 5C is a schematic view of the position sensing element 1710 and the sensing magnetic element 1720. In some embodiments, the position sensing element 1710 may include a plurality of first sensing magnetic units 1711 and second sensing magnetic units 1712 arranged alternatively in the first direction, and the first sensing magnetic units 1711 and the second sensing magnetic units 1712 have opposite pole directions. Therefore, when relative movement in the Z direction occurs between the position sensing element 1710 and the sensing magnetic element 1720, the position sensing element 1710 may detect the magnetic field variation caused by the first sensing magnetic units 1711 and the second sensing magnetic units 1712 of the sensing magnetic element 1720 to get the position of the movable portion 1200 relative to the fixed portion 1100.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4A, the optical element driving mechanism 1000 may further include a storage unit 1681 and a processing unit 1682 disposed on the fixed portion 1100 or the circuit assembly 1600. In some embodiments, the storage unit 1681 may include storage devices such as memory (e.g., dynamic random access memory (DRAM) device, static random access memory (SRAM) device, high bandwidth memory (HBM) device, etc.). In some embodiments, the processing unit 1682 may include process units such as logic device (e.g., central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing unit (GPUs), system-on-chips (SoCs), application processors (APs), micro controllers, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), etc.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 1682 may be configured to determine the position of the movable portion 1200 relative to the fixed portion 1100 according to the calibration information stored in the storage unit 1681. In some embodiments, since the elements of the optical element driving mechanism 1000 may have tolerances during manufacture, the calibration information of the optical element driving mechanism 1000 may be obtained through the following steps. First, move the movable portion 1200 from an initial position to a final position, such as move the entire stroke in the Z direction. Next, the magnetic field of the sensing magnetic element 1720 is sensed by the position sensing element 1710 to obtain first position information, and the first position information includes magnetic field values at different positions. Next, the first position information is analyzed to obtain calibration information.

In some embodiments, the operation of analyzing first position information may include differentiating the first position information to obtain second position information. Then, based on the number of positive and negative changes in the second position information, the number of sensing magnetic elements passing through the first sensing magnetic units 1711 and the second sensing magnetic units 1712 is determined, and the position interval information is obtained based on this number. Based on the position interval information and the magnetic field sensed by the position sensing element, the detailed position of the movable portion 1200 relative to the fixed portion 1100 is determined. For example, if the positive and negative values change once, it represents passing through one first sensing magnetic unit 1711 and one second sensing magnetic unit 1712, thus the relative distance of movement between the sensing magnetic element 1720 and the position sensing element 1710 may be determined. Finally, calibration information may be obtained through the detailed position of the movable portion 1200 relative to the fixed portion 1100, the position interval information, and the magnetic field.

FIG. 6A is a schematic view of the movable portion 1200 and the driving coils 1320. FIG. 6B is a top view of the movable portion 1200 and the driving coils 1320. FIG. 6C is a side view of the movable portion 1200 and the driving coils 1320. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 6A to FIG. 6C, the movable portion 1200 may mainly include a main body 1210, a first pressing portion 1221, a second pressing portion 1222, a third pressing portion 1223, a fourth pressing portion 1224, a first upper stopping portion 1231, a second upper stopping portion 1232, a third upper stopping portion 1233, a fourth upper stopping portion 1234, a fifth upper stopping portion 1235, a sixth upper stopping portion 1236, a first side stopping portion 1241, a second side stopping portion 1242, a third side stopping portion 1243, and a fourth side stopping portion 1244.

In some embodiments, the first pressing portion 1221, the second pressing portion 1222, the third pressing portion 1223, the fourth pressing portion 1224, the first upper stopping portion 1231, the second upper stopping portion 1232, the third upper stopping portion 1233, the fourth upper stopping portion 1234, the fifth upper stopping portion 1235, and the sixth upper stopping portion 1236 may extend from the main body 1210 in the first direction. As seen in FIG. 1C and FIG. 1D, when viewed in the first direction or the second direction, the first pressing portion 1221, the second pressing portion 1222, the third pressing portion 1223, and the fourth pressing portion 1224 are exposed from the case 1110. When viewed in the first direction, the first pressing portion 1221, the second pressing portion 1222, the third pressing portion 1223, and the fourth pressing portion 1224 are arranged in a counterclockwise manner around the main axis 1900. In some embodiments, materials for the first pressing portion 1221, the second pressing portion 1222, the third pressing portion 1223, and the fourth pressing portion 1224 may include soft materials (e.g. plastic).

In some embodiments, the first upper stopping portion 1231 is adjacent to the first pressing portion 1221, the second upper stopping portion 1232 and the third upper stopping portion 1233 are adjacent to the second pressing portion 1222, the fourth upper stopping portion 1234 is adjacent to the third pressing portion 1223, and the fifth upper stopping portion 1235 and the sixth upper stopping portion 1236 are adjacent to the fourth pressing portion 1224. In some embodiments, when viewed in the first direction, the connection 1270 passes through the first pressing portion 1221 and the third pressing portion 1223, and the first upper stopping portion 1231 and the fourth upper stopping portion 1234 are on a same side of the connection 1270. In some embodiments, when viewed in the first direction, the first upper stopping portion 1231, the second upper stopping portion 1232, the third upper stopping portion 1233, the fourth upper stopping portion 1234, the fifth upper stopping portion 1235, and the sixth upper stopping portion 1236 are arranged in a counterclockwise order around the main axis 1900. In some embodiments, the first upper stopping portion 1231, the second upper stopping portion 1232, the third upper stopping portion 1233, the fourth upper stopping portion 1234, the fifth upper stopping portion 1235, and the sixth upper stopping portion 1236 at least partially overlap with the case 1110 and do not expose from the case 1110.

In other words, when the movable portion 1200 moves in the Z direction, the first upper stopping portion 1231, the second upper stopping portion 1232, the third upper stopping portion 1233, the fourth upper stopping portion 1234, the fifth upper stopping portion 1235, and the sixth upper stopping portion 1236 may be used to restrict the range of motion of the movable portion 1200, while the first pressing portion 1221, the second pressing portion 1222, the third pressing portion 1223, and the fourth pressing portion 1224 may protrude from the case 1110 to allow external driving assembly to apply pressure to the movable portion 1200 and control the position of the movable portion 1200 (as explained later).

In some embodiments, the movable portion 1200 may also include a first opening 1251 and a second opening 1252, and the optical element driving mechanism 1000 may also include a first positioning magnetic element 1261 and a second positioning magnetic element 1262 disposed in the first opening 1251 and the second opening 1252, respectively. For example, the first positioning magnetic element 1261 and the second positioning magnetic element 1262 may be magnets and may be adjacent to the first guiding rod 1160 and the second guiding rod 1170, respectively. Due to the first guiding rod 1160 and the second guiding rod 1170 have magnetic permeable material, the first positioning magnetic element 1261 and the second positioning magnetic element 1262 may generate magnetic forces between the first guiding rod 1160 and the second guiding rod 1170, so that after the driving assembly 1300 is used to move the movable portion 1200 to a specific position, the position of the movable portion 1200 may be fixed without continuously providing power to the driving assembly 1300 to fix the position of the movable portion 1200, thus saving energy usage.

The first side stopping portion 1241, the second side stopping portion 1242, the third side stopping portion 1243, and the fourth side stopping portion 1244 may be disposed on the main body 1210 and extend towards the X or Y direction. The first driving coil 1321, the second driving coil 1322, the third driving coil 1323, and the fourth driving coil 1324 may be respectively disposed on the first side stopping portion 1241, the second side stopping portion 1242, the third side stopping portion 1243, and the fourth side stopping portion 1244, and the distance between the first side stopping portion 1241, the second side stopping portion 1242, the third side stopping portion 1243, and the fourth side stopping portion 1244 and the case 1110 may be less than the distance between the first driving coil 1321, the second driving coil 1322, the third driving coil 1323, and the fourth driving coil 1324 and the case 1110, in order to avoid direct collision between the first driving coil 1321, the second driving coil 1322, the third driving coil 1323, and the fourth driving coil 1324 and the case 1110.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2A and FIG. 6B, the movable portion 1200 may include a movable portion top surface 1201, and the optical element 1800 may include an optical element surface 1801, facing an identical direction (e.g. in the +Z direction). In addition, in some embodiments, a dust-catching element (not shown, such as a dust-catching adhesive) may be disposed on the movable portion top surface 1201 or the optical element surface 1801 to capture any dust generated during the operation of the optical element driving mechanism 1000, to avoid interfering with the photosensitivity of the optical element driving mechanism 1000.

FIG. 7A is a schematic view of the first resilient element 1400. As shown in FIG. 2A and FIG. 7A, the first resilient element 1400 may include a first resilient unit 1401, a second resilient unit 1402, a third resilient unit 1403, a fourth resilient unit 1404, a fifth resilient unit 1405, and a sixth resilient unit 1406. The first resilient unit 1401 may be disposed on the first edge 1151, the second resilient unit 1402 and the third resilient unit 1403 may be disposed on the second edge 1152, the fourth resilient unit 1404 and the fifth resilient unit 1405 may be disposed on the third edge 1153, and the sixth resilient unit 1406 may be disposed on the fourth edge 1154. When observing along the main axis 1900, a first virtual line 1461 passes through the main axis 1900, the first resilient unit 1401 and the sixth resilient unit 1406 are symmetrical to the first virtual line 1461, the second resilient unit 1402 and the fifth resilient unit 1405 are symmetrical to the first virtual line 1461, and the third resilient unit 1403 and the fourth resilient unit 1404 are symmetrical to the first virtual line 1461. That is to say, the first virtual line 1461 may be the symmetrical axis of the first resilient element 1400, and the first virtual line 1461 does not pass through the first guiding rod 1160 and the second guiding rod 1170.

In some embodiments, a second virtual line 1462 passes through the first guiding rod 1160 and second guiding rod 1170, and the first virtual line 1461 and the second virtual line 1462 are vertically oriented with respect to each other. In some embodiments, when viewed along the main axis 1900, the first resilient unit 1401 and the sixth resilient unit 1406 are located on one side of the second virtual line 1462 and the second resilient unit 1402, the third resilient unit 1403, the fourth resilient unit 1404, and the fifth resilient unit 1405 are located on the other side of the second virtual line 1462. Additionally, the second virtual line 1462 does not pass through the first resilient element 1400.

The first resilient element 1400 may be electrically connected to the circuits in the fixed portion 1100 and the movable portion 1200. For example, the first resilient unit 1401 may include a first movable portion connecting portion 1411, a first fixed portion connecting portion 1421, and a first string 1431. The second resilient unit 1402 may include a second movable portion connecting portion 1412, a second fixed portion connecting portion 1422, and a second string 1432. The third resilient unit 1403 may include a third movable portion connecting portion 1413, a third fixed portion connecting portion 1423, and a third string 1433. The fourth resilient unit 1404 may include a fourth movable portion connecting portion 1414, a fourth fixed portion connecting portion 1424, and a fourth string 1434. The fifth resilient unit 1405 may include a fifth movable portion connecting portion 1415, a fifth fixed portion connecting portion 1425, and a fifth string 1435. The sixth resilient unit 1406 may include a sixth movable portion connecting portion 1416, a sixth fixed portion connecting portion 1426, and a sixth string 1436.

In some embodiments, the first movable portion connecting portion 1411, the second movable portion connecting portion 1412, the third movable portion connecting portion 1413, the fourth movable portion connecting portion 1414, the fifth movable portion connecting portion 1415, and the sixth movable portion connecting portion 1416 may be disposed on the movable portion 1200, while the first fixed portion connecting portion 1421, the second fixed portion connecting portion 1422, the third fixed portion connecting portion 1423, the fourth fixed portion connecting portion 1424, the fifth fixed portion connecting portion 1425, and the sixth fixed portion connecting portion 1426 may be disposed on the fixed portion 1100. In this way, electrical connections may be made between the circuits in the fixed portion 1100 and the movable portion 1200.

In some embodiments, the first string 1431 connects the first movable portion connecting portion 1411 and the first fixed portion connecting portion 1421. The second string 1432 connects the second movable portion connecting portion 1412 and the second fixed portion connecting portion 1422. The third string 1433 connects the third movable portion connecting portion 1413 and the third fixed portion connecting portion 1423. The fourth string 1434 connects the fourth movable portion connecting portion 1414 and the fourth fixed portion connecting portion 1424. The fifth string 1435 connects the fifth movable portion connecting portion 1415 and the fifth fixed portion connecting portion 1425. The sixth string 1436 connects the sixth movable portion connecting portion 1416 and the sixth fixed portion connecting portion 1426.

In some embodiments, the first resilient unit 1401 and the sixth resilient unit 1406 may have symmetrical structures, while the second resilient unit 1402, the third resilient unit 1403, the fourth resilient unit 1404, and the fifth resilient unit 1405 may have similar structures. For example, the distance between the first movable portion connecting portion 1411 and the first fixed portion connecting portion 1421 or the distance between the sixth movable portion connecting portion 1416 and the sixth fixed portion connecting portion 1426 may be greater than the distance between the second movable portion connecting portion 1412 and the second fixed portion connecting portion 1422, the distance between the third movable portion connecting portion 1413 and the third fixed portion connecting portion 1423, the distance between the fourth movable portion connecting portion 1414 and the fourth fixed portion connecting portion 1424, or the distance between the fifth movable portion connecting portion 1415 and the fifth fixed portion connecting portion 1425.

In some embodiments, since the second resilient unit 1402, the third resilient unit 1403, the fourth resilient unit 1404, and the fifth resilient unit 1405 may have similar structures, the structure details are further explained with the second resilient unit 1402 as an example. FIG. 7B is an enlarged view of the second resilient unit 1402. The second string 1432 of the second resilient unit 1402 may also include a second string first portion 1451, a second string second portion 1452, and a second string bending portion 1453. The second string first portion 1451 may connect to the second movable portion connecting portion 1412, the second string second portion 1452 may connect to the second fixed portion connecting portion 1422, and the second string bending portion 1453 may connect to the second string first portion 1451 and the second string second portion 1452.

It should be noted that in some embodiments, the second string first portion 1451 and the second string second portion 1452 may extend in different directions, and an angle θ between the second string first portion 1451 and the second string second portion 1452 is acute. In some embodiments, the angle θ may be less than 45 degrees. In some embodiments, a distance D5 between the second movable portion connecting portion 1412 and the second fixed portion connecting portion 1422 is smaller than a length L5 of the second string first portion 1451 and a length L6 of the second string second portion 1452. In other words, the second resilient unit 1402 (and other similar resilient units) is not designed to bear weight, but to conduct electricity, thus reducing the size of the second resilient unit 1402 and achieving miniaturization.

In some embodiments, the first movable portion connecting portion 1411, the second fixed portion connecting portion 1422, and the second movable portion connecting portion 1412 may be disposed on the fifth edge 1155, the third fixed portion connecting portion 1423, the third movable portion connecting portion 1413, the fourth fixed portion connecting portion 1424, and the fourth movable portion connecting portion 1414 may be disposed on the sixth edge 1156. The fifth fixed portion connecting portion 1425, the fifth movable portion connecting portion 1415, and the sixth movable portion connecting portion 1416 may be disposed on the seventh edge 1157, while the first fixed portion connecting portion 1421 and the sixth fixed portion connecting portion 1426 may be disposed on the eighth edge 1158.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of some elements of the optical element driving mechanism 1000, mainly showing the first resilient element 1400, the circuit assembly 1600, the first conductive assembly 1650 embedded in the movable portion 1200, and the conductive assembly 1660 embedded in the base 1130. In some embodiments, the first conductive assembly 1650 and the conductive assembly 1660 may be electrically insulating from each other.

In some embodiments, the first conductive assembly 1650 may include a first conductive portion 1651, a second conductive portion 1652, a third conductive portion 1653, and a fourth conductive portion 1654, and in the first direction, the first conductive portion 1651 and the second conductive portion 1652 are at different heights from the third conductive portion 1653 and the fourth conductive portion 1654. The circuit assembly 1600 may be electrically connected to the first driving coil 1321 and the second driving coil 1322 via the third resilient unit 1403 and the first conductive portion 1651, and may be electrically connected to the third driving coil 1323 and the fourth driving coil 1324 via the fourth resilient unit 1404 and the second conductive portion 1652, thus allowing the first driving coil 1321 connects the second driving coil 1322 in series, and allowing the third driving coil 1323 connects the fourth driving coil 1324 in series. In some embodiments, the first driving coil 1321 and the second driving coil 1322 are connected to the third driving coil 1323 and the fourth driving coil 1324 in parallel via the third conductive portion 1653 and the fourth conductive portion 1654.

In some embodiments, an additional optical module (not shown) may be disposed on the optical element driving mechanism 1000, such as an aperture. Additionally, the optical module may be electrically connected to the conductive assembly 1660 via the first resilient unit 1401, the second resilient unit 1402, the fifth resilient unit 1405, and the sixth resilient unit 1406 of the first resilient element 1400 to control the optical module. Furthermore, the third resilient unit 1403 and the fourth resilient unit 1404 are electrically insulated from the first resilient unit 1401, the second resilient unit 1402, the fifth resilient unit 1405, and the sixth resilient unit 1406 to avoid interference between the signals controlling the optical element driving mechanism 1000 and the signals controlling the optical module.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2A and FIG. 8, the conductive assembly 1660 may include a first terminal 1661, a second terminal 1662, a third terminal 1663, and a fourth terminal 1664 arranged in sequence on the first edge 1151. The first terminal 1661, the second terminal 1662, the third terminal 1663, and the fourth terminal 1664 may be sequentially electrically connected to the first resilient unit 1401, the sixth resilient unit 1406, the fifth resilient unit 1405, and the second resilient unit 1402, respectively, to separately control each driving coil.

In some embodiments, the optical element driving mechanism 1000 may also include an adhesive element 1470 (e.g., a conductive adhesive element, such as a solder ball or silver paste), disposed on the first fixed portion connecting portion 1421, the second fixed portion connecting portion 1422, the third movable portion connecting portion 1413, the third fixed portion connecting portion 1423, the fourth movable portion connecting portion 1414, the fourth fixed portion connecting portion 1424, the fifth fixed portion connecting portion 1425, the sixth fixed portion connecting portion 1426, to electrically connect the first resilient element 1400, the first conductive assembly 1650, and the conductive assembly 1660.

FIG. 9A is a schematic view of some elements of the optical element driving mechanism 1000, mainly showing the base 1130 and the second resilient element 1500. FIG. 9B is an enlarged view of some elements of the optical element driving mechanism 1000. In some embodiments, the second resilient element 1500 may mainly include a first base connecting portion 1510, a first string portion 1520, a second base connecting portion 1530, a second string portion 1540, and a contact portion 1550. The first base connecting portion 1510 and the second base connecting portion 1530 may be used to connect the base 1130, the first string portion 1520 may be used to connect the first base connecting portion 1510 and the contact portion 1550, and the second string portion 1540 may be used to connect the second base connecting portion 1530 and the contact portion 1550. In some embodiments, when viewed in the first direction, the first base connecting portion 1510 and the second base connecting portion 1530 may be disposed on opposite sides of the base 1130, and the first string portion 1520 and the second string portion 1540 may also be disposed on opposite sides of the base 1130. Additionally, the first guiding rod 1160, the second guiding rod 1170, the first base connecting portion 1510, and the first string portion 1520 may be disposed on different sides of the base 1130 to further utilize the space of the optical element driving mechanism 1000.

In some embodiments, the contact portion 1550 may be disposed on the first edge 1151, the second edge 1152, the third edge 1153, and the fourth edge 1154, while the first base connecting portion 1510 and the first string portion 1520 may be disposed on the sixth edge 1156, and the second base connecting portion 1530 and the second string portion 1540 may be disposed on the eighth edge 1158. In other words, the first base connecting portion 1510, the second base connecting portion 1530, and the contact portion 1550 may be located on different sides of the base 1130. It should be noted that the first edge 1151, the second edge 1152, the third edge 1153, the fourth edge 1154, the fifth edge 1155, and the seventh edge 1157 are not in direct contact with the second resilient element 1500, but are separated from the second resilient element 1500