Examples of the effective amount of the present compound include about 0.001 to about 50 mg/weight kg per a daily dosage. For example, in the case of the oral administration or the intraperitoneal administration, the daily dosage is about 0.1 to about 50 mg/kg, usually about 0.2 to about 10 mg/kg, preferably about 0.3 to about 2 mg/kg, and more preferably about 0.4 to about 1 mg/kg, which is not limited thereto.

The present compound or the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be administered once per day, or a plural times per day (for example, in the case of the oral administration or the intraperitoneal administration, they can be administered in two or three divided times per day). Also they can be administered once or a plural times within several days or several weeks.

As used herein, the term of “administer (or administration)” represents that the present compound or the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is provided or prescribed to an individual of subject, or the individual receives the present compound or the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention; and so on. The administration route of the present compound or the pharmaceutical composition may be either an oral administration route or an intraperitoneal administration route, which can vary depending on intended disease or symptom, or age, weight or sex of the subject, or the like, and is preferably the oral administration in terms of an easy of administration and a lowering of dose and so on.

The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be administered by an oral administration route or an intraperitoneal administration route to the subject.

The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be prepared as the pharmaceutical composition for oral administration or the pharmaceutical composition for intraperitoneal administration by using conventionally publicly known technologies, and thereby can contain a non-toxic and inert carrier or additive (hereinafter, referred to as “pharmaceutically acceptable carrier”) which is usually used in the pharmaceutical field. For example, the pharmaceutical composition for oral administration (oral formulations) is formulated into, for example, tablets, fine granules, capsules, pills, granules, powders, solutions, and suspensions and so on, which is not limited thereto. Also the pharmaceutical composition for intraperitoneal administration may be formulated into a dosage form such as injectables and so on.

The “pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” used herein may be contained by combining various active ingredients or medicinal ingredients (including pharmacological active ingredients or physiologically active ingredients) or additives (for example, excipients, lubricants, binders, disintegrants, emulsifier, stabilizer, correctives, diluents, tonicity agents, buffer agents, pH adjusting agents, solubilizers, thickening agents, dispersing agents, preservatives (antiseptics)) in addition to the present compound as active drug depending on various kinds of usages such as the administration route and the dosage form as long as a pharmacological effect is not disturbed. These ingredients may be compounded appropriately within certain concentration ranges which do not affect any irritation and so on, and the kinds of the ingredients are not particularly limited thereto.

When the present compound or the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is used as the pharmaceutical composition for oral administration, pharmaceutically acceptable carriers such as excipients, lubricants, binders, disintegrants, emulsifying agent, stabilizer, correctives, or diluents may be contained.

Examples of the excipients include organic excipients and inorganic excipients. Examples of organic excipients include one or more compounds selected from sugar derivatives (such as lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol, and sorbitol), and starch derivatives (such as corn starch, potato starch, α-starch, and dextrin), cellulose derivatives (such as crystalline cellulose), gum arabic, dextran, prolan and the others. Examples of the inorganic excipients include one or more compounds selected from light anhydrous silicic acid and sulfates (such as calcium sulfate).

Examples of the lubricants include one or more compounds selected from stearic acid, metal stearates (such as calcium stearate and magnesium stearate), talc, colloidal silica, waxes (such as bead wax), adipic acid, sulfates (such as sodium sulfate), glycol, fumaric acid, sodium benzoic acid, D,L-leucine, sodium lauryl sulfate, silic acids (such as silicic acid anhydride, silicic acid hydrate), and starch derivatives described as the above-mentioned excipients.

Examples of the binders include one or more compounds selected from hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, macrogol, and compounds described as the above-mentioned excipients.

Examples of the disintegrants include one or more compounds selected from cellulose derivatives (such as low substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, calcium carboxymethyl cellulose, and internally cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose calcium), and chemically modified starch and cellulose derivatives (such as carboxymethyl starch, and carboxymethyl starch sodium).

Examples of the emulsifying agents include one or more compounds selected from colloidal clay (such as bentonite, and Veegum), anionic surfactants (such as sodium lauryl sulfate), cationic surfactants (such as benzalkonium chloride), and nonionic surfactants (such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, and sucrose fatty acid ester).

Examples of the starbilizer include one or more compounds selected from p-hydroxy benzoic esters (such as methyl paraben, and propyl paraben), alcohols (such as chlorobutanol, benzyl alcohol, and phenylethyl alcohol), phenols (such as phenol, and cresol), thimerosal, acetic anhydride, and sorbic acid.

Examples of the correctives include one or more compounds selected from sweetness (such as saccharin sodium, and aspartame), acidulants (such as citric acid, malic acid, and tartaric acid), and fragrances (such as menthol, and fruit extracts (such as orange extract)).

Examples of the diluents include one or more compounds selected from lactose, mannitol, glucose, sucrose, calcium sulfate, hydroxypropyl cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, water, ethanol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, starch, and polyvinylpyrrolidone.

When the present compound or the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is used as the pharmaceutical composition for intraperitoneal administration, the composition may contain any carriers which may be in general compounded for injectable. Examples of the carriers include pharmaceutically acceptable carriers such as solvents, dissolving aids, preservatives, stabilizers, emulsifying agents and suspending agents, tonicity agent and buffer agents, pH adjusting agents, excipients, and colorants.

Examples of the solubilizers may include either aqueous solubilizers or nonaqueous solubilizers, and preferably aqueous solubilizers. Examples of the aqueous solubilizers include aqueous solution, and specifically include one or more compounds selected from distilled water for injection which is stipulated in the pharmacopoeia, normal saline solution, and Ringer's solution. Examples of the nonaqueous solubilizers include pharmaceutically acceptable vegetable oils (such as purified peanuts oils, sesame oils, corn oils, olive oils, and cottonseed oils), and are not limited thereto.

Examples of the dissolving aids include one or more compounds selected from sodium benzoic acid derivatives (such as sodium benzoate of caffeine), aminophylline derivatives (such as ethylenediamine of aminophylline), and meglumine derivatives (such as adipione meglumine).

Examples of the preservatives include one or more compounds selected from benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, benzyl alcohol, chlorobutanol, methyl paraoxybenzoate, and phenol.

Examples of the stabilizer may be the same as those used in the pharmaceutical composition for oral administration, and include, for example, one or more compounds selected from nitrite salts, sodium metabisulfite, ascorbic acid, as needed sodium edetate (EDTA), and thioglycolic acid.

Examples of the emulsifying agent or suspending agent may be the same as those used in the pharmaceutical composition for oral administration, and include, for example, one or more compounds selected from nonionic surfactants, lecithin and pluronic.

Examples of the tonicity agents include one or more compounds selected from glycerin, propylene glycol, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, sorbitol, and mannitol.

Examples of the buffer agents include one or more compounds selected from phosphoric acid, phosphate salt, citric acid, acetic acid, and ε-amino caproic acid.

Examples of the pH adjusting agents include one or more compounds selected from hydrochloric acid, citric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, boric acid, borax, sodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium carbonate, and sodium hydrogen carbonate.

Examples of the excipients include sorbitol and the like.

Examples of the colorants include pharmaceutically acceptable additives.

The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention, the agent for oral administration of the present invention, or the agent for intraperitoneal administration of the present invention may further contain one or more compounds for increasing efficacies. Examples of such a compound may include antibiotics, steroids, anti-inflammatory agents, analgesic agents, surfactants, chelating agents, and adjuvants, and any combinations of two or more of them, but are not limited thereto.

In the food or beverage of the present invention, the food or beverage may be compounded by the active ingredient of the present invention as itself, or in the form of a composition comprising the same active ingredient that is mixed with other additives as needed. For example, the food or the beverage of the present invention may be a product prepared by adding with conventional additive ingredients such as stabilizers to the active ingredient of the present invention followed by formulating into a food or a beverage, a product prepared by compounding various kinds of proteins, sugars, fats, trace elements, vitamins, and so on into the above produced food or beverage followed by formulating into a food or a beverage, a food or beverage produced by formulating into a form of liquid, semi-liquid or solid, or a food or a beverage produced by formulating into a form of a paste, or a food or a beverage produced by adding active ingredient into a generally used food or beverage followed by formulating into a food or beverage.

In the present invention, the “food or a beverage” may be anything other than pharmaceuticals, and is not particularly limited as long as it is in the form being capable of oral intake by mammals, and the form may be any ones such as liquids (such as solutions, suspensions, and emulsions), semi-liquids, powders, or solid molded products. Accordingly, the food or the beverage may be, for example, in form of beverage, or in form of tablet of a nutritional supplement such as so-called a supplement.

Specific examples of the food or the beverage include instant foods such as instant noodles, Retortable foods, canning foods, microwave foods, instant soups, miso soups, and freeze-dried foods; beverages such as refreshing beverages, fruit juice beverages, vegetable juice beverages, soy milks, coffee beverages, tea beverages, powdered beverages, concentrated beverages, nutritional beverages, and alcoholic beverages; flour products such as breads, pastas, noodles, cake mixes, fried chicken powders, and breadcrumbs; confectioneries such as candy, caramel, chewing gum, chocolate, cookies, biscuits, cake, pie, snacks, cracker, Japanese sweets, and desserts sweet; seasonings such as sauces, tomato processed seasonings, flavor seasonings, cooking mix, drippings, dressings, soups, and bases for curry and stew; oils and fats such as modified fats, butter, margarine, and mayonnaise; dairy products such as milk based beverage, yogurts, lactic fermenting beverage, ice creams, and creams; processed marine products such as fish meat ham and sausage, and seafood-pastes; processed animals products such as livestock meat ham and sausage; agricultural processed products such as canned agricultural products, jams, and marmalades, pickles, boiled beans, and cereal; frozen foods; and nutritional foods, and the like.

The food or the beverage of the present invention can be used preferably a subject who is disposed to a prevention or treatment of the above-mentioned cerebrovascular disorders or dementia, or a suppression of a progress on the diseases.

In the present invention, the “food or beverage” may encompass such a classification as health food, functional food, food for specified health uses, nutritional supplement, foods a label of Reduction of Disease Risk Claims, or food for the sick. Further, the “food or beverage” may be used to encompass feeds when it is applied to mammalians other than human as a target. As used herein, the “food for specified health uses” represents a food in which any legal limitations are subjected in each country (such as Japan) from the viewpoint of health in the case where such action as a preparation or sales of a food is conducted for the purpose of an expression of a desirable effect. Such a food may be a food with a label indicating that the food has a possibility of reducing a disease risk, that is, a food with a label of Reduction of Disease Risk Claims. Here the “Reduction of Disease Risk Claims” may be an indication representing a food having a possibility of reducing a disease risk and also representing a prescribed indication or an authorized indication on the basis of a standard set by FAO/WHO Codex Alimentarius Commission itself or as a reference.

In the food or beverage of the present invention, any ingredients having the other function(s) may be further added in addition to the above-mentioned active ingredients. Also for example, the active ingredients of the present invention is compounded to foods to be ingested in daily life, health food, functional food, supplement (for example, a food containing one or more kinds of ingredients selected from minerals such as calcium and magnesium or vitamins (such as vitamin K)), and thereby any food or beverage having any function due to the other ingredient together with the effect of the present invention can be provided.

In the preparation of the food or beverage of the present invention, sugars, fragrances, fruit juice extracts, food additives, or stabilizer which are used in a usual prescription design of food or beverage can be added appropriately. The preparation of the food or beverage can be conducted by referring to preparation technologies which are publicly known in the technical fields. The food or beverage of the present invention can take various kinds of forms thereof, and the food or beverage of the present invention may be prepared according to a similar technology to the preparation technologies of publicly known pharmaceutical products. In these cases, the food or beverage of the present invention can be prepared by using the carrier or additives as described in the items of preparation of the agent or the pharmaceuticals of the present invention. Also in the preparation stage, the food or beverage of the present invention may be combined with other ingredients which exert any functions other than the functions of the present invention or other functional foods to make a food or beverage having multifunctions.